Social Cubism Model in Philosophy - Essay Example

? Qualifying exam practice: Social cubism model in philosophy is indeed a crucial aspect of this One of the crucial themes in the studying of social theory, throughout its history, is the identification of the social components of agency and structure. It is evidently true that both the micro and macro levels of social interaction, and discussed in a number of varying ways to its application to the social issue of voter identification legislation, in local, national, and international scenario. Even though the classical social theorists provided differing emphasis at both sides of this model, they clearly seemed to be of concern with grasping the links that made a connection. Recently, some certain theorists made focus upon the vast stands of the opposing paradigms in the ultimate pursuance of theoretical clarity in this matter of voter legislation. Nonetheless, it now appears as if it is a renewed matter in integrating and infusing social theories towards a more known and balanced paradigm (Bell, 1992). The article of voter legislation woes, does review some of these considerations that should be highlighted by the parliament, and hence encourage further inquiry and progression into the social theory models, especially as they link to the conflict in question, and its resolution application both locally and internationally. Moreover, certain key concepts would be proposed as a continuous step toward attaining this objective in the United States of America. The initial step relates to a theoretical widening of C. Wright’s concept of sociological imagination. The second step is postulated by George Ritzer’s interest in meta-theories and it explains the infusion of ideas from his Major levels of social analysis model. The last one concerns the exploration of new dimensions and entails the dynamics of the social cubism model by Sean (Bew, 1990). With the fall of communism and the Cold war geo[[political order, three interlinked tendencies surface namely, the growing disempowerment of ideologies based on modern rationality, the formation of a new transnational order with an integrated financial mechanism, standards and measures of production and consumption, and the relative fall of the centralized nation state, and modern territorial sovereignty. When viewed critically, all these had an effect on the current voter identification legislation issue of the United States of America. The rise of ethno political conflicts can be shaped by both indigenous aspects and global limitations. Levels of communal linkages shape such conflicts. For ethno political conflicts, both the relations and the international system that occur among the nations states must be taken into consideration. In the international system, the circulation of capital, ideologies, and the use of certain crucial powers affect the rise of conflict between and within states (Bell, 1992). The importance of micro-national problems state that structures brought ethno political conflict leading to micro and macro tensions and issues of stalemates. The state can be considered to be losing some aspects of its original power of a self-identity by itself, which is a common, and a self-governing legitimacy. Social and class identities, can be replaced in some scenarios with ethnic, religious, and affiliations having territorial origin. Moreover, the new identities try to portray self-determination, appreciate group definitions and norms, and bring about ethno territorial mobilization, ethno political issues, fragmenting of the state, and not forgetting regionalism around the globe. Globalization works to enforce these local certainties and relationships in response to the economic identity created by the world markets in the transnational order (Bew, 1992). Nowadays, research on ethno territorial politics typically examines politics, and not forgetting economic structures, so as to emphasize the competing interests of groups, or tend to utilize a psychoanalytic method to emphasize the aspect of both cultural and psychological forces. Those who address the material and psychological forces make attempts to measure their importance as cause of conflict in voter identification legislation. The studies of this conflict can be modeled from the view of social cubism, which entails the interaction of material and psychological mechanisms (Bell, 1990). The term social cubism brings vivid images that are vital in describing our perception, more less the same as Rubic’s cube, ethno territorial politics give a multi-faced kind of puzzle. It can be said that persons concentrating all their efforts on one side of the puzzle, are unlikely to produce a full solution or image of the conflict at hand. This would be possible when one considers the interlinking among the faces of the puzzle, hence able to make a complete solution. It isolates crucial factors that show their combinations to make patterns of ethnic politics. The cube can be utilized as an analytical tool for examining certain conflicts in voter identification legislation in the USA. It hence highlights certain salient problems of the conflicts in question. We depend on other people’s studies and conclusions concerning each face of the puzzle. The main work being how the facets can be combined and the critical explanation of how their linking impacts on the dynamics of ethno territorial conflict and its legislation (Bruce, 1992). Even though several studies indicated that the type of conflicts vary over a period of time, less work can be done to analyze the relation of different factors in slowly shaping such kind of conflicts. We observe the social cube of conflict as having six interlinked facers or forces or what would be termed as components, which are namely, historical, religious, demographic, political institutions and non-political institutions behavior economical, and psych cultural factors. Moreover, these six components combine producing patterns of intergroup behavioral tendencies. For instance, histories recounted by competing groups of persons, tend to bring out the previous patterns of economic, political, or religious interlinking to back up certain allegations or claims. Symbolism tends to produce affective responses towards groups and intergroup relations. In the aspect of voter legislation, these factors are typically studied as independent causes that result in conflict, fail to produce sufficient explanations. Nevertheless, ethno nationalism can be observed as a psychological situation that stresses certain intergroup variations to produce a sense of group togetherness (Bruce, 1992). Historical factors History, recounted by those entailed in conflicts, sets the scenario for the prevailing ethno territorial politics. Briefings of certain key events of the past, observed from various perspectives, affect the legitimacy of current institutions, ideologies of political certainties, and the morale of different groups in voter identification process. The history of the USA highlights certain historical events which occasionally can be evoked by the main political parties involved. It can be observed that there is a trace of a prolonged evidence of ethnic hostility. Addressing this issue is hence very crucial in voter identification legislation so as to avoid further conflicts (Bruce, 1992). Religious factors Social entities and related institutions linked to religion, foster existence and continuance of bipolar societies in the country. Protestants and Catholics have formed their own schools and churches, hence attending them separately. They also reside in different neighborhoods for the aspect of psychological and physical security. They do this so as to conserve and preserve their cultural way of living. Taking the case of Canada, religious affiliation resulted in promotion of different lifestyles, as economic variations and parochial schools, tried to enforce religious and language similarity. In this case, we stress on the salience of the aspect of loyalty, which helped in promotion of intergroup tensions and the factor of polarization, having in mind the political ambience of religion in the country. This is similar to the USA. It can be observed that there is the aspect of homogeneity in the religious beliefs and ideologies of the Catholics. Such cohesion has an impact towards voter identification and legislation. This is because religious diversities results into conflict amongst members of different denominations in Catholics and Protestants (Bruce, 1986). Demographic factors Demographic factors are crucial factors. The total population and the aspects of the population in general, play a crucial role in determining voter identification legislation. The level of birthrate affects the state’s involvement in social, language, and immigration policies. Demographic differences play a critical role in socio-psychological patterns that can be observed as a conflict over national identity of persons in a country. It is evident, that Catholics and Protestants can be viewed as double minorities, but can nevertheless be observed by other communities, as a threatening majority when combined. Double minorities tend to reinforce the need for security and recognition of each group’s territorial ownership. The minorities hence find themselves locked in a fight of eternal struggle to safeguard themselves against external and internal forces. Moreover, sex and gender also determines voter identification legislation in the USA. Women must be identified and not discriminated against voting for their opinion and democratic rights (Bruce, 1986). Political factors Peaceful regulation on matters concerning ethno territorial conflict relies on the political legitimacy of the state, the involvement of political dynasties, and the prevailing of crucial matters such as terrorism. These functions can be considered to be intertwined, but their combinations are a reality. This addresses the importance of boundaries and terrorism as one of the political factors. They greatly impact on both the legitimacy of a certain state, and the possibility of peaceful resolution of conflicts concerning voter identification in the USA. State boundaries allow the extent of control over a certain territory within the broader context. The boundary determines the laws that the people of that certain state should adhere to. This may result to group hostility as the bias to national identity, hence becoming a threat to the existence of that state in the country. Hence, such claims should be addressed in accordance to voter identification legislation (Bruce, 1986). Economic factors Economic variations can be found in comparisons of various groups. They become vital in ethno territorial conflict to the extent that gaps can be related to competition between persons, favoritism in institutions, stereotyping, and other crucial factors that cause subdivisions in such groups. Leaders in such organizations may tend to exploit inefficiency gaps in the distribution of the scarce economic resources, used in mobilizing a certain constituency to support their demands. Proper knowledge of intergroup discrimination imposes economic concerns to the overall classification of the others. Historically, the period of the great economic recession had negative results on the economy. Lessons learnt can now be used to streamline the economy so as to woo a higher number of voter registration primarily based on this. Increasing the levels of economic status and education levels also makes the economy to grow. Moreover, incidences of nepotism should be highly avoided. This tends to increase in groups. This is because it would have an effect on the economic competition and resulting to polarization and hostility (Bruce, 1992). Psycho-cultural factors Matters dealing with tensions and emotions have often risen during social change or perceived political instabilities in the case of Protestants and Catholics in the USA. During such events, each group shows an opposing culture hence feuding enemity between these groups. Cultural symbols and the form of stereotyping of certain issues reinforce voter identification and this makes a clear distinction between the two groups. Moreover, symbolism aids to explain the nature of the conflicts in the USA, since they create a sense of commonality among members, and aid them to classify their political ideologies. They do this by promotion of prejudice and invoking certain traditions to symbolize their issues involving voter identification waiting to be resolved (Bruce, 1992). Conclusion The issue of voter identification from the explanations can be seen as a very crucial matter in USA. Careful considerations should be taken into account so as to avoid any mishaps resulting from either the democrats or the republicans. Hence from the systems described in the text above, the government should come up with policies that would help curb such vices of people openly demonstrating, as in the case of South Carolina. We must avoid such outcry to our nation and unite as one 2. Systems design Five important issues and conflicts 1. Issue of voter turnout and participation 2. Issue of voting discrepancies 3. Issue of voters missing out in the final list 4. Issue of voter registration process 5. Issue of voter discrimination on ethnic grounds Description of the system The system deals with handling issues and conflicts named above. It became developed so as to provide a basis or strong framework that would be used to combat such cases when they happen to occur during, before, and after the voting process. Steps involved in the system Having read the legislation on voter identification, the steps that can be involved during this process are as follows: 1. Voter must state his or her name 2. Voter must sign his or her name in the poll book 3. Voter must sign his or her name in a poll book and must match a signature on file 4. Voter is to be requested to present proof of ID or voter registration card 5. Voter must present proof of ID or voter registration card 6. Voter must present his or her ID, and his or her signature must match the signature on the ID provided. 7. Voter is to be requested to provide photo ID 8. Voter is required to provide photo ID Having intensively read the article on voter legislation, every step named above serves a very crucial job during the voting process. Omitting any of the steps would result to disastrous effects. This is because votes would be rigged, fraud would be committed deliberately since criminals would have identified weak points in the voter identification system. Therefore, it is very crucial to adhere to each and every step for purposes of a smooth, voting process that is free of any forms of advanced fraud. This would prevent a candidate from gaining an unfair advantage over his opponent, hence omitting irregularities in this system (Arthur, 1988). There are tangible reasons why at every one point we must include each component of this system. To make this system to be legal and obtain approval by legal authorities, the system must portray some sense of legality and strictness during the stages of designing it. Though am just giving an overview of the system, because if the whole system became written here, it would take over a hundred pages to draft it properly in the form of a dissertation. We must include each component to make this system to be an overall success. Brief overview of working of the system The system works on the basis of legal measures put in place and emphasized by the legal authorities. The task involved becomes simplified provided the state level alterations in turnout are uniform among other states caused by changes in voter identification laws. In reality, state voting rates alter from a certain election to the other, each having its own unique reasons. Such alterations tend to widen the disturbance term in the regression equation that can be used to foresee turnout changes that may be caused by the voter identification law. We did carry out subgroup investigation, which we discussed, and observed demographic adjusted turnout levels for people of various degrees and disciplines in education we also did analyze respondent’s data to make the system to be more valid and authentic come the next elections in the country (Arthur, 1988). It can be observed that conflicts such as voter turnout can be addressed adequately in this system, and any eventuality that may arise, would be dealt with in accordance with this system. Conclusion It is thus evident, that this system practically solves the various issues and conflicts pertaining to voter identification in accordance to the law. Even though it has its own setbacks, it can be advocated for immediate use in the next elections since we carried vital research so as to design this system to totality. It can be strongly recommended that the government put strict emphasis on the information and technology industry so as to promote the wiping out of such voter identification discrepancies in the future. References Arthur, Paul. 1988. Insight into voting process. New York: Basil Blackwell. Bell, David. 1992. The Roots of Disunity: A Study of Canadian Political Culture. Toronto: Oxford University Press. Bew, Paul. 1990. Scenarios for Progress in Northern Ireland. London: Clarendon. Bruce, Steve. 1992. The Red Hand: Protestant Paramilitaries in Northern Ireland. New York: Oxford University Press. Bruce, Steve. 1986. God Save Ulster! The Religion and Politics of Paisleyism. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Read More