Asylum and Immigration - Coursework Example

Asylum and Immigration Introduction In today's world, most of the neo-liberal states found around the world have increased the security and the border control laws (Paul, 2015). This has made it hard for a large number to live legally or enter into their countries. These types of development follow predictable pathways that are racialised were by the southern citizens having been disadvantaged. The citizens of the south states are differently treated from the European Union citizens. Mass mobility and globalisation have had a deep impact on the criminal laws and criminal justice. These laws are increasingly being introduced in the border control service, police, prisons and the criminal law. At the same period, the states pursuing neo-liberal policies and Britain have introduced a new immigration offence slew and constructed immigration centres of detention (Amelia, 2015). The control of the border, mainly in its connection with the techniques of criminal justice, has recast citizenship as a governance form. Increased intervention and scrutiny are subjected to non-citizens and citizens should prove their eligibility constantly. These developments are mainly directed to the minority groups and blacks who are perceived as suspects when searching suspected terrorists, workers who are undocumented and asylum seekers. In the current years, there has been panic about crime, immigration, over assimilation and Britishness (Kate, 2015). Years or research have shown how ethnic minority and black men are subject to policing practises that are intrusive that explicitly and implicitly refers to them as undeserving, not belonging, and potentially dangerous. Those people with the United Kingdom citizenship, no matter their legal status, do not have the same protection and right as other Britons. Those who have been detained are vulnerable, symbolically and legally denied identification as subjects by their incarceration. Women Detaining In Britain One of the ten removal immigration centres is IRC Yarl. These centres hold 3000 men and women under the immigration act power (Stephanie, 2015). Other immigrants may also be found in the police lock ups and the prison post-sentence. The immigrants' detainees are not serving prison sentence hence knowing the period of detention is not easy. Yarl's Wood is currently run by Serco and was opened in the year 2001 (Harmit, 2015). It is a custodial environment that is secured, and it is situated in Clapham. Women are grouped into pairs in the Yarl's Wood. These small rooms that women are grouped into pairs include a separate toilet and shower area. For a good part of the day, detainees are allowed to move around with their door keys. However, they are not allowed to go to other detainee's houses but their home. They are always locked in their units for lunch and supper. Women can also book a cultural kitchen. Only six women are allowed to book the cultural kitchen at a time and for the whole day. The six women are provided with an ingredient that are raw to cook for lunch and dinner and are always under the detention custody office supervision. The women are always allowed to bring in their CDs and DVDs and most of the time after the meal there is always a dance (Phillips & Webster, 2013). In short, Yarl's Wood provides carefully choreographed freedom level within constraints. The women are always allowed to wonder, but their wondering is limited. Furthermore, they are given the freedom to cook but not to share their meals with others. They are also encouraged to speak English but denied the chance to learn it. In general, the institution includes while at the same time excluding the detainees from other activities and the daily expectation. Under these conditions, the mechanism for copying, sorting and understanding is always on the identity. At the same time, the identity issue is always the basis and justification for detention itself (Phillips & Webster, 2013). Diversity in detention The Yarl's Wood residents are of mixed population, and are only united because they all don't have the British citizenship. Some of the detainees are failed asylum seekers; others are ex-prisoners and others are visa over-stayers (Corporate Watch, 2015). Most of the detainees have lived in the United Kingdom for many years. A good number of the detainees are waiting for removal or deportation. The centre also contains a population of asylum seekers who have been chosen as qualified for a fast track decision. The women with cases flagged as improbable to succeed, attend the Immigration and Asylum Tribunal of the Yarl's Wood that is only accessible via the door that is locked from within the centre of removal. While the detainees can come from any part of the world, most of the immigrants in Britain are mostly coming from former British colonies (Migration watch, 2015). Unlike the larger population, most of the people held in the centres consist of very few New Zealanders, Australians and Canadians. Their detainees majorly consist of people from Jamaica, Nigeria, and Pakistan. Common with other centres of removal, Yarl's Wood also house a good number of Vietnamese and Chinese nationals. Among the population at the Yarl's Wood, the population consisted of sixty-three different nationalities (Phillips & Webster, 2013). The top ten which corresponded to a group of ten or more included China, Nigeria, India, Jamaica, Ghana, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Uganda, Brazil and Pakistan. The remaining groups of the nation were of a small number with most of them consisting of one or two women present in the institution. In addition to the difference in citizenship, women were also different from one another in terms of the length of stay, religion, their record of prison, and their status of marital. The major religions were mostly the Muslim, Hindus and Christians, and they consisted of various kinds of denominations, and another system of beliefs and those who did not have any religion. The diversity experienced in the institution encouraged many types of social exchange. Some women new and appreciated other women culture. The need of the United Kingdom to revise the immigration policies Most of the highly praised people from the art including spanning films, fine art, fashions, drama, designs, music and dance have got their education in the United Kingdom. Most of these students have been allowed to stay and work in the United Kingdom. These have allowed the cultural of the United Kingdom to be enriched. All this is at risk due to the United Kingdom government approach to the immigrants. Currently, international students have to earn a minimum salary of £ 20,800 to attain a qualification for a work visa (Richard, 2015). For them to qualify they have to be employed by a single employer. The requirement provided by the United Kingdom government is not a reflection of the cultural industry. The former minister of the university by the name David Willetts and all-party migration parliamentary group supported that there is need of greater flexibility. The next government should greatly think of the policy of the United Kingdom immigration (Ian, 2015). The first step of the government is the removal of the students from any immigration target that is set for the next parliament. Furthermore, the government should increase the opportunity for the international graduate students who have graduated to remain in the United Kingdom. If no action is taken, the country is at risk of losing a generation of individuals who are talented to the countries' competitors (The Guardian, 2015). In a letter published by the Guardian, a group of writers and artists including Grayson Perry, Sandi Toksvig, and John Hurt, the letter says that those people who are talented and can contribute to the sector of the British art are being penalized with the recent rules on immigration. This has made it difficult for those people who rely on unstructured or freelance work to qualify for a visa. The signatories who are of the high profile figure in the world of art and also hold British University leadership position includes the Sussex University Chancellor Sanjeev Bhaskar and the Kingston University Chancellor Bonnie Greer. The Migrant international organization has predicted that the death of migrants in the Mediterranean will be as high as 30,000 in the current year (Sasha Simic, 2015). This view will appeal to people like Katie Hopkins who has defined these people who need help as cockroaches and has recommended the government to use a gunship on the immigrants (John Plunkett, 2015). Apart from Katie Hopkins is the Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott who has recommended the European Union to adopt a policy that is ruthless towards people seeking Asylum and turn back their boats (Sasha Simic, 2015). The government of the United Kingdom can use the humanitarian solution. This solution is by allowing the desperate people into Europe and accepting them as citizens. EU is a continent that is rich and has enough work that can be done. One thousand richest residents in the United Kingdom alone totals to £ 519 billion. The government should understand that the time has come for it to build a society that takes care of its entire people and not only the rich. This is only possible by the government welcoming the refugees that are disparate and risking their lives in the Mediterranean (Sasha Simic, 2015). The United Kingdom Government should understand that migrants are human beings. Hundreds of the immigrants have lost their lives this year in the attempt to trying to cross from North African (Patrick, 2015). Save Children which is one of the British charities that is most reputable estimates that two thousand five hundred children are in danger of losing their lives along the refuge route of Mediterranean in the year 2015. It should be understood that the migrants trust themselves and whatever the little money they can get and give to the smugglers and boats that are overcrowded. This is because life in the countries they are coming from which they call home has become desperate. These migrants are pushed and not pulled towards the European Union. The United Kingdom government need to understand that war, minority persecution and terrorism which has forced them out of their country to seek refugee in Europe. A political expression that referring to the immigrants as criminals that are stubborn instead of perceiving them as victims who are helpless is worthless because it is not true. However, the Europeans leaders came together to talk of the issue. The conclusion they made was more of reducing the visibility of the symptoms instead of finding the solution for the disease (Bishop of Manchester, 2015). Women immigrant in Greek The immigrant women are vulnerable to exploitation. Greek women continue to make steps in education and employment. As a result of lack of formal employment for women in the labour force, Greek women in the labour force have been very low. Furthermore, the low number of the Greek women in the Labour force has been due to unpaid small family business, and cultural attitude about the domestic roles of women. A quick expansion of the education system in Greek combined with Greek increased prosperity, contributed to the rise of women in the workplace. In addition, the country also experienced a reduction of labour supply in the works mostly done by women. Even though, female employment has rapidly changed, the culture of Greek value regarding women has not experienced the rapid change. The Greek women number increased in taking responsibility outside the home while their domestic roles remain unattended to. This change demands cheap labour to help in the domestic tasks and can only be provided by the immigrants. The most preferred immigrant to fill these positions is the female immigrants. In Greece, there is a high level for the immigrant jobs segregation by sex. As the Greece women do works that are outside homes, the domestic works are left for the women immigrants. The migrant domestic works in Greece are dominated by women from Albania, Eastern Europe and Philippines. The women from these countries make the make the majority of immigrants. In Europe, Greece has the highest population of women immigrants. Women from the countries that are more developed are always likely to work in tourism and do the office work. Those women from African, Asians and those from the Soviet block countries are mainly employed in the homes for doing the domestic works. This group of women can also be work as caregivers in the medical centres. Filipino women are majorly employed as family maids while the Albanian women are restricted to cleaning or domestic roles. Will the reason for all the immigrants living their home to a foreign country is mainly to such for good pay. Migrant that are female is always vulnerable to abuse and exploitation. The legal system of Greece offers very little protection to the domestic works, and this has increased their vulnerability and insecurity. In Greece, the instances of sex trafficking is on the rise and most of the trafficking of immigrant into Greece every year for sex work purposes. In the United States of American, some of the detainees are finding it hard as the there length of detention is being increased. Furthermore, the migrants are complaining of horrible and inadequate food and the children who eat the food become sick. Some of the detainees have been in the institutions for more than six months. In the case the immigrant who has been previously deported comes back, they are deliberately denied bond with the aim of discouraging others from crossing the border. The Department of Homeland Security has been on the spot for arresting families that arrive at the United States border and claiming asylum instead of allowing them bond. The other challenge that women face is from the guards who sexually assault them (Oliver & Alan, 2015). In Britain, the leaders of two main political parties have come out to protect the United Kingdom anti-discrimination laws. This was evidenced by the two leader's condemning the remarks by Nigel Farage when he called for the removal of the countries anti-discrimination law (Rowena, 2015). David Cameron said the comment by Nigel Farage was majorly for him to seek attention. On the other hand, Ed Miliband labelled the comment by Nigel Farage as a comment that is divisive, wrong and dangerous. The comment by Nigel Farage could instill fear in people by conflation various issues that are sensitive. This also included that warning of the formation of the fifth column by some Muslims and calling for the removal of the British law of anti-discrimination. In addition, the deputy prime minister rebuked Nigel Farage in acting in a way that was irresponsible of mixing the Islamism extremism fear with the concern about Eastern Europe immigration (Nicholas & Rowena, 2015). Immigrants are facing discrimination in the Europe continent. This can be evidenced when Nigel Farage that he would prefer migrants from Australia and India. This was contradicting to his previous claims that his party would not be discriminative against new arrival by nationality. His reason for the preference of Australia and India is because both the countries had a similar culture to the United Kingdom. Further, he said that the similarities of the two countries to that of the United Kingdom are that both the countries are more likely to speak English. In addition, Australia and India understand the common law and have a connection with United Kingdom as compared to some people from other countries (Rowena, 2015). In the United Kingdom, a stigma is placed on Romanian and Bulgarian citizens only because of their origin. This is very unfair and unacceptable because both Romanians and Bulgarian should be treated equally the way the European Union citizens are treated. There is a need to understand that both the Romanian and Bulgarian need to be treated like any other person and not on the generalization or assumption basis about their ethnic origin (Alan & Shiv, 2015). It is very surprising to know that Arabs are immigrants, Africans are immigrants, and Asians are immigrants. However, the Europeans are believed to be expats as they cannot be perceived to be equal to any other ethnic group. In short, they are always seen as superior. An immigrant is mainly a term set aside for races that are inferior. The truth is the same in Europe and Africa. Top professionals from Africa going to work in Europe are always not considered as expats but are always considered as immigrants (Mawuna, 2015). Conclusion Most of the immigrants leave their mother country to the foreign country to seek for jobs that are highly paying. However, it can be argued that the countries they are coming from have been paying low wedges making it hard for them to survive. Some have heard a terrible life because of the high rate of corruption, terrorism and conflict experienced in their countries. Countries like the United Kingdom that is one of the countries that receives a good number of immigrants should understand that. Some of the immigrants take great risk through the Mediterranean into the European continent only to be detained by the government or to be deported back. European Union should understand that the immigrants are running away from a problem they are facing in their country. Deporting of the immigrants back to their country is like taking them back to the same problem they have been running from. The EU should find a way of helping the immigrants rather than deporting them back to their country. A politician in the European Union should be the people in the forefront to encourage the rights of the immigrants to be protected. They should stop branding the immigrants as terrorists or suspects of terrorists. These immigrants are victims who have run to the Europe to seek for help and need to be given a warm welcome. United Kingdome government need to ensure that the right of the immigrants that are detained are adhered to. The immigrants should not take a longer period of the detention. Furthermore, they should ensure that there is no discrimination of any kind, and all the detainees are given equal opportunity in the detention centres. Bibliography ALAN, T. & SHIV, M. (2015). European watchdog accuses Britain of shameful rhetoric on migrants. Web < http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/mar/29/eu-watchdog-britain- shameful-rhetoric-migrants> accessed May 5, 2015. AMELIA GENTLEMAN, (2015). MPs call for end to indefinite detention of migrants. Web < http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/mar/03/mps-call-end-indefinite-detention- migrants > accessed May 5, 2015. BISHOP OF MANCHESTER, (2015). I want leaders who look on migrants with compassion. 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SASHA SIMIC, (2015).Responsibility for African boat migrants lies at all our doors. Web < http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/23/responsibility-african-boat-migrants-all- our-doors > accessed May 4, 2015. STEPHANIE J. SILVERMAN, (2015). Immigration Detention in the UK | The Migration Observatory. Web accessed May 5, 2015. THE GUARDIAN. (2015). Revise immigration policy to keep talented overseas arts students in the UK. Web http://www.theguardian.com/education/2015/apr/23/revise-immigration- policy-keep-talented-overseas-arts-students accessed May 4, 2015. Read More