Advantages and disadvantages of holding World Cup - Dissertation Example

?Advantages and disadvantages of holding World Cup Introduction The association of the English Football was founded in the year 1863 which led to thebirth of football of the modern period. In the year 1904 FIFA got the life in Paris. The Federation International de Football Association since then has been playing an important role in the development of the world football and holds the responsibility of organizing the greatest competition in the field of football the ‘FIFA World Cup’. (Classic Football, 2011) Mega events like the FIFA World Cup have serious effects on the economy of the host countries. Proper Scrutiny of the effects could reveal a handsome growth of the country’s economy as an impact of the World Cup and other similar international events. However there may be some adverse effects too for the economy of the country because of the huge depletion of the resources of the country in organizing such a mega event. Thus the paper aims in studying the scope of the advantages that the host country could enjoy as well as the adverse incidents that may occur as an impact of the World Cup. The impact of the FIFA World Cup of the year 2022 on the economy of the host country, Doha has been discussed in this context. Aims and objectives To find out the positive as well as the negative impacts on a country and its people in holding and organizing a huge event like the World Cup. To find out and identify the main factors that can create a threat to the success of the event as per the arrangement of the country and remedies for preventing those problems. Studying whether such a huge event in the country will ultimately be able to improve the economic conditions of the country, help in achieving the process of development faster. Any positive help in the handling of issues related to the overall health system, the security issues of the country and the poverty level of the country is an important aim of this paper. Identifying the ultimate financial gainer of this event in the country. To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of hosting the World Cup in Doha with the help of a primary survey. Research Hypothesis It is assumed that the overall impact on the host country is likely to be good, considering every aspect of the cultural, social as well as economical features of the country. Literature review The international events like the World Cup have huge impact not only on the cultural and the entertainment of the country, but also on the economic environment of the organizing nation. By attracting more and more tourists in the country the tourism departments of the country also experience a growth with the organization of the event by the country. Moreover the amount of the foreign direct investment in the country also experiences certain boost with the holding of an international event like the World Cup. These facts have been established by the reports as published by the country of South Africa that hosted the Football World Cup of the year 2010. The host country of the FIFA World Cup has experienced a massive growth of their economy by revealing properly the best sides of the country’s culture. They have also ensured a successful trade of the cultural presence of the country. The country invested an amount of about ten billions on an approximate basis for hosting the event in the year 2010, about 40 billion in the country’s currency for infrastructural development and urgradation in the country. The gross domestic product expected a 0.5 percent increase in the year as the impact of the month long event in the country. Moreover approximately three lakh seventy thousand visitors from foreign countries visited South Africa during the period that facilitates the tourism of the country. It may work as an inductive force in attracting more tourists in the near future. South Africa is a country with huge racial inequalities in the society. There is several millions of the black population of the country that resides in immense poverty. The people of these different races have been drawn together, closer to some extent as an impact of the event of the World Cup. The national Soccer squad for boys, of the country established in Bafana is uniting the black and white population of the country. Not only that, the announcement of Brazil as the host country for the next World Cup have resulted in a quick growth of the economy of the country even though the country have recently experienced the effect of the great recession. (Epimetheus JNU, 2011) However Germany that hosted the World Cup in the year 2006 experienced a substantial decline in the spending of the retail sector of the country and also in the activities of the service sector of the country despite of a short term experience of a sharp rise in the two in the period just preceding and following the event. However the government of the country of South Africa had been skeptical in their hopes of attracting more and more investors in the country and their hopes lied in the stimulation of the interest for investment. Though the event may not have a serious improvement in the economical position of the country the perception of the foreigners on the country of South Africa as a land seriously prone to crime have changed considerably after the success of the country in hosting a safe and shining World Cup for the whole world. However according to some scholars for a poor country like South Africa with a huge percentage of the population of the country living below the line of poverty such a huge amount of expenditure on sports is similar to luxury. (Bosch, 2010) Despite all, the organizers of the event have a tendency of underestimating the negative impacts of the event on the country’s economy along with overestimation of the positive ones either intentionally for their own benefit or more or less explicitly. However the event other than economic impact on the country may induce a wide range of social effects. Thus there is the need of a weighted approach for estimating the benefit considering the risks associated with the socio-political consideration of the country. Thus for the consideration of the fact that whether hosting an international event like the World Cup the approach of the minimization of the risks is the best one in consideration to the social as well as the political situation of the economy of the country. However the true impact on the host country gets reflected only after two to three years of the holding of the event. According to the study made by Barros and others the local clubs of the country are always the biggest beneficiaries along with some local politicians. However the positive outcome that is inevitable is the increase in the regional attractiveness of the people and a considerable impulse on the economy for that particular year with the increased spending of the foreigners in the country along with benefitting the environment of the host country. (Barros, Ibrahimo, and Szymanski, 2002, pp 172- 176, 189- 190: Clark, 2008, pp 26-27) The FIFA World Cup of the year 2022 has been announced to be held in the country of Qatar with the capital city of Doha gaining the highlight, after the secret voting by the executive general of the FIFA World Cup committee. (FIFA, 2011) Doha is the largest city of the country of Qatar, being the centre of the country’s economy along with more than 80 percent of the total country’s population residing in this capital city. The revenue that is earned from the natural gas and the oil industries is the main source of existence of the economy of Doha. The city have been recently developing at a huge pace and experiencing a boom because of the modernization program undertaken by the government of Qatar and the diversification of the country’s economy from the sole dependence on the oil production. (Doha, n.d) Qatar being the first country of the Middle East to host the mega event of the FIFA World Cup is expecting a significant impact of the event on the domestic economy. The country has adopted an infrastructural programme with a budget of about 87 percent of the Gross Domestic Product of the country, which has been accelerated for proper completion before 2022. The World Cup hosting acted as a stimulation and force of urgency for the completion of the infrastructural project of the country. The International Monetary Fund has projected the country of experiencing a growth rate of 20 percent in the following year. Moreover the foreign direct investment in the country is also likely to be increased following the event of the year 2022. The primary result of the World Cup along with the infrastructural investment programme undertaken by the government is a continuous economic growth of the country. The first paced growth of the economy along with economic diversification is the implication of the event of the World Cup. The financial sector of the country is also likely to be a significant beneficiary with increasing competitiveness of the country as one of the financial hubs. However there always remains the risk of excess supply of facilities and infrastructure along with these huge investment programmes that would remain unused in such instances. Moreover with increased investment and prospects of economic growth the risk of inflationary effect on the economy of the country remains associated with it. However despite of the adverse effects that may result the economy of the country is said to gain an opportunity of lifetime for being a global economy. (Morison Menon, 2011) However contradictions are present among economists regarding the impact of the World Cup of the year 2022 on the economy of Doha. The extent of the benefit and the possibilities of the risks that are associated with the hosting of the event is the main point of the difference of opinions among the world economists. The optimists are of the view that the economy is likely to experience a boom in the oil and the natural gas industries of the country. According to them there is likely to be a positive impact on the social as well as the political environments of the country. However the pessimists suggested that the cost of hosting such a mega event might surpass the benefit that the country might enjoy from it. But measuring the probable impact of the event on Doha and the rest of the country it can be concluded that though the economy may be in a position of facing economic ill effects, the impact as a whole considering the social, cultural and the political aspects of the country, it can be said that the FIFA World Cup is likely to bring glory for the country. It is likely to change the perception of the people for the Middle East countries and influence tourism, which is beneficial for the local economy as well as the economy of the country as a whole. The glory of the nation will likely to be increased because no such events have ever been organized in any Middle East countries before. (Football Marketing, 2011; Greyling, 2007, p. 208) Thus the World Cup may bring up with it positive as well as negative results for the country, which is the ultimate aim of the study of this research paper. Apart from the prestige and honor the host nations receives a chain of opportunities in terms of expanding scope and facilities in terms of infrastructure and such gains persist years after the event is over. The economic agents like firms and other participants profit from selling of electronic goods like television and radio rights, tickets and other commodities which complement tourism industry (restaurants, shops, transport, other services, etc). The disadvantages, which might be experienced, comprise of huge cost burden, probability of a rise in criminal activity which keeps the police busy and security issues apart form probable supply constraints which might arise owing to the sudden increase in demand (Fountain, 2002, p.171). The research design will bring up the rationale behind the methodological framework adopted for the paper. Research Design Research design is a logical structure of inquiry rather than simple methodology of collecting the data. Hence there is the requirement of giving a detailed description of the methods that are used for the investigation and the ultimate objective behind it. The two types of research approach that may be used in combination or as optional choice for any investigation are the primary research and the secondary research. The combination helps a researcher in retaining the novelty of his study in the context of existing literature survey (What is research design, n.d, p 8: Market research, n.d) It is usually recommended to use both the primary and the secondary research methods in cases where the both are possible. In this particular research paper there is the scope of both secondary as well as primary research. Though the main focus of this research paper is on the impact of the FIFA World Cup of 2022 on Doha’s economy the secondary research need to be done on a general basis considering and researching the impact of the last few World Cups, with emphasis on the last World Cup on the host country so as to make an approximate idea of the main objective. Some existing literature may also help in assessing the expected impact on the economy of Qatar. The research paper will be mainly an ethnographic research work. The primary research method may be used to study the perception of the people regarding the expected impact of the event of the World Cup of the year 2022 on the economy of the host country of Qatar, on the cultural change of the country, the country’s tourism sector etc. Establishing a relationship between the hosting of the mega event and the change in the image of the host country is the main aim of the primary research. The primary research may be conducted on the basis of questionnaires that are structured with close ended as well as some open-ended questions. Email and face-to-face interviews are both used as medium of research. The sample that can be selected for the study consists of residents of the host country as well as the residents of London. For the residents of the host country as well as for that of London, sample is chosen from the general public and using random selection method. The primary research will focus on the impression of the residents of the host nation regarding the event. There is need of focusing on the extent of safety measures undertaken by the government of Qatar in the words of the general public. For the direct interview emphasis needs to be given on the friendliness and appropriateness of the country already chosen as a host, and the expectations of the people of London regarding this. Moreover the public opinion need to be collected regarding the suitability of the huge expenditure incurred by the host country behind this event on the position of the country’s economy. (Florek, & Breitberth 2007, pp 81-83) There is the need of selecting the city, Doha along with London (because of familiarity) and the direct questionnaire method of investigation can be carried out preferably during summer. The sample may consist of students from different educational institutes of both the cities (London and Doha) as well as professional individuals. This is emphasized because of studying the diversification in the opinion with the difference in the age pattern of the population. A sample of 50 people can be selected from each city for the purpose of the survey. The method of random sampling is used in both cases and the same set of questions will be asked to both the sets of participants. For London, face-to-face or telephonic interviews will be conducive but for Doha, it has to be through email or through chat messenger and social networking sites can help in collecting the database of names for citizens of Doha. The secondary research will be done from the existing research articles, journals and books. It will focus on the economic impact of the event along with the cultural, social and political one. Secondary research may help in studying the cases for the previous few years along with providing support for the primary research as well. Moreover if certain secondary research is found on the expected impact of the World Cup on the economy of Doha, it will be an added advantage for the paper. Data Analysis The data that can be obtained from secondary as well as primary research need to be analyzed properly for the purpose of arising at a suitable conclusion of the paper and for the fulfillment of the above-mentioned objectives. The primary data can be obtained from direct interview of a selected sample of 100 individuals and also through the mailed questionnaire sending to the residents of the host country of Qatar. The data hence collected will be more of a qualitative nature, as it will reflect the opinion of the individuals about the change of the overall parameters of the host country after the mega event. Apart from this, there might be biased answers from people in London and this might be evaluated against the responses of those participants from Doha. The secondary data that can be obtained from previous literature will help in quantitative analysis with data revealing the effect on the country’s GDP, the percentage increase in the sector of tourism as well as the extent of the development of the retail sector of the country with the hosting of the FIFA World Cup. The final analysis will be incorporated in the report after the secondary research completed along with the primary one. More importantly since direct data for the FIFA World Cup of 2022 is not possible to obtain, the expected records and the secondary research of the impact of the previous World Cups will be properly analyzed to predict about the potential impact of 2022 event on Doha. Time Scale Management of time in a proper way is an essential requirement of a good project. The first thing that needs to be done is the set up of a proper questionnaire. This including the mailing of the questionnaires is to be done during the first week of the project because it might need some time for the respondents to respond back. Then the works of the primary research through the method of direct questioning need to start in the following week. It may take a week or even two because of the group division of the sample. Thus in the fourth week of the project the work of the secondary research is to be started after the completion of the primary research. Once the collection of the data is completed and proper feedback of the emailed questionnaire has been obtained the work of evaluation of the findings and analysis will need to be done. Thus the work of the fifth week of the project is to evaluate the findings from primary research and integrate it with that of the secondary one. The last week follows the task of concluding the study with special mention on whether the hypothesis is proved correct or not. Specific Requirements It is required to send questionnaires to around 150-200 people form Doha or if possible this might be altered to Qatar because the nation is an unfamiliar place and there rare chance of the chosen participants to respond. Hence sending the questions to around 200 people will help to filter 50 proper answer sets in an unbiased manner. Hence 50 questionnaires in normal print will be necessary for the face-to-face interviews and others will be in form of soft copies. Apart form the traveling expenses the research will not bear any huge cost. The uncertainty of responding within the given time frame should also be considered. This will not be a problem in case of London’s participants. Ethical considerations Proper secrecy has to be maintained while handling the data obtained from the primary research. The details of the identity of the students and the professional individuals of the host country as well as the selected individuals of the neighboring nation will not be disclosed to others. Care should be taken while framing the questions such that the participants are not led towards a desired answer. There should be no pressure or lead form the interviewee while asking the questions and waiting for the answers of the respondents apart from the close-ended questions, which already provide options for them. Care should be taken to avoid persuading any individual to answer the question, which should be on a voluntary and spontaneous basis. An individual should be allowed to stop if he does not wish to answer a question. References 1. All Business, (2011), Secondary vs. Primary market research, available at http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing/market-research/1310-1.html (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 2. Barros, C. P. Ibrahimo, M & S Szymanski (2002), Transatlantic Sport, United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing 3. Bosch, M. (Jun, 2010), South Africa Banks on lasting World Cup Legacy, Reuters, available at http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/06/08/us-soccer-world-legacy-idUSTRE6572WE20100608 (accessed on 11th May, 2011) 4. Clark, G. (2008), Local development benefits from staging global events, OECD Publishing 5. Classic Football, (2011), FIFA .com, available at http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/history/index.html(accessed on 11th May, 2011) 6. Doha, (n.d), Qatarimail.com, available at http://www.qatarimall.com/cities/city.php?cityid=1 (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 7. Epimetheus JNU, (2011), Impact of the World Cup on the economy, Academia.edu, available at http://independent.academia.edu/epimetheusjnu/Papers/446777/Inpact_of_the_World_Cup_on_the_Economy (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 8. FIFA, (2011), 2022 FIFA world Cup awarded to Qatar, FIFA .com, available at http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022/index.html (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 9. Florek, M. & T. Breitberth (2007), Mega Sports Events and Host Country Image: The Case of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, available at http://conferences.anzmac.org/ANZMAC2007/papers/Florek_1.pdf (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 10. Fountain, S. (2002), PE to 16, Oxford University Press. 11. Football Marketing, (January, 2011), Qatar 2022’s World Cup: a jigsaw of pain and gain, available at http://www.football-marketing.com/2011/01/09/qatars2022-world-cup-a-jigsaw-of-pain-and-gain/ (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 12. Greyling, C, (2007), Economics, Pearson South Africa 13. Market Research, (n.d), Business Teacher, available at http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/markets/primary-secondary-market-research/ (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 14. Morison Menon, (2011), FIFA World Cup 2022 and its impact on Qatar economy, available at http://www.morisonmenon.com/fifa-world-cup-2022.php (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 15. Primary and secondary research, (n.d), available at: http://www4.caes.hku.hk/acadgrammar/report/resproc/research.htm (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 16. Secondary Research, (n.d), Asia market research dot com, available at http://www.asiamarketresearch.com/glossary/secondary-research.htm (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 17. What is research design, (n.d), available at http://www.nyu.edu/classes/bkg/methods/005847ch1.pdf (accessed on 12th May, 2011) Ethical Approval Form Student Location of research: London and Qatar Outline of proposed research project Working title Advantages and disadvantages of a country hosting an international mega event of the FIFA world cup, with special mention of Doha’s case (hosting the FIFA world cup 2022) Brief description of context Events like the FIFA world cup affect seriously the economy of the country hosting the event. The economy of the country can experience huge growth as measured by the increase in the Gross Domestic Product of the country. There may be an improvement of certain sectors of the economy that are directly associated with the international event like the tourism industries of the host country along with some other industries of the service sector like that of the retail industries. Despite all these advantages enjoyed by the country there remain the chances of the economy being adversely affected because of organizing and hosting such a huge event like the world cup. The adverse effect may arise because of the prevalence of inflationary trend in the country’s economy associated with the huge investment made by the host country for a proper and happening hosting of the grand event. Moreover these huge spending on the part of the government of the country often resembles luxury for the country’s economy. However viewed from the overall context that is considering the cultural, the social as well as the political impact and not limiting to only the economic side of the event it can be truly said that the host country generally experience a overall lift with increasing glory of the country. Not only that the perception and the thinking of the people of the foreign countries on the host country also likely to change with a successful and friendly hosting of an event like that of the FIFA world cup. The world cup of the year 2022 is destined to be held in the country of Qatar (Doha). The advantages and the disadvantages the economy of the country will likely to experience is the ultimate context that the research paper mainly focuses on. Purpose of study (including key research questions) The expected impact of the FIFA world cup of the year 2022 on the economy as well as the cultural aspects of Qatar especially, Doha is the primary aim of the study. The idea is to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of hosting such an important event for the host nation especially in case of one from the Middle East. Key research questions Whether the positive impacts and effects of hosting such a mega event like the FIFA world cup will overcome the negative impacts of the same? What will its impact be on the residents of the country? Whether the international competition will be able to increase the growth rate as well as the pace of development for the country? Whether the health system, the social security and other developmental needs will improve as an after effect of the FIFA world cup? Lastly who will be the ultimate gainer of this mega event being organized in the country? Key literature 18. All Business, (2011), Secondary vs. Primary market research, available at http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing/market-research/1310-1.html (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 19. Barros, C. P. Ibrahimo, M & S Szymanski (2002), Transatlantic Sport, United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing 20. Bosch, M. (Jun, 2010), South Africa Banks on lasting World Cup Legacy, Reuters, available at http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/06/08/us-soccer-world-legacy-idUSTRE6572WE20100608 (accessed on 11th May, 2011) 21. Clark, G. (2008), Local development benefits from staging global events, OECD Publishing 22. Classic Football, (2011), FIFA .com, available at http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/history/index.html(accessed on 11th May, 2011) 23. Doha, (n.d), Qatarimail.com, available at http://www.qatarimall.com/cities/city.php?cityid=1 (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 24. Epimetheus JNU, (2011), Impact of the World Cup on the economy, Academia.edu, available at http://independent.academia.edu/epimetheusjnu/Papers/446777/Inpact_of_the_World_Cup_on_the_Economy (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 25. FIFA, (2011), 2022 FIFA world Cup awarded to Qatar, FIFA .com, available at http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/qatar2022/index.html (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 26. Florek, M. & T. Breitberth (2007), Mega Sports Events and Host Country Image: The Case of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, available at http://conferences.anzmac.org/ANZMAC2007/papers/Florek_1.pdf (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 27. Fountain, S. (2002), PE to 16, Oxford University Press. 28. Football Marketing, (January, 2011), Qatar 2022’s World Cup: a jigsaw of pain and gain, available at http://www.football-marketing.com/2011/01/09/qatars2022-world-cup-a-jigsaw-of-pain-and-gain/ (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 29. Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Welsh Affairs Committee, (2009), Potential Benefits of the 2012 Olympics and Paralympics for Wales:Eighth Report of Session 2008-09; Report, Together with Formal Minutes, Oral and Written Evidence, The stationary office 30. Greyling, C, (2007), Economics, Pearson South Africa 31. Market Research, (n.d), Business Teacher, available at http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/markets/primary-secondary-market-research/ (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 32. Morison Menon, (2011), FIFA World Cup 2022 and its impact on Qatar economy, available at http://www.morisonmenon.com/fifa-world-cup-2022.php (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 33. Primary and secondary research, (n.d), available at: http://www4.caes.hku.hk/acadgrammar/report/resproc/research.htm (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 34. Secondary Research, (n.d), Asia market research dot com, available at: http://www.asiamarketresearch.com/glossary/secondary-research.htm (accessed on 12th May, 2011) 35. What is research design, (n.d), available at http://www.nyu.edu/classes/bkg/methods/005847ch1.pdf (accessed on 12th May, 2011) Proposed methodology (attach draft research tools: questionnaires, interview schedules etc) The paper has been proposed to follow both primary research technique as well as secondary research forms. The use of both primary and secondary research will combine the originality of an individual’s own research along with the disciplinary knowledge that are present in the literatures already existing in the more or less same context with connections to the concerned work. The secondary research will focus on the existing literatures on the impact of the last world cups on the economy of the host country along with the providence of some information if any on the expected impact that the FIFA world cup of 2022 will likely to be on the economy of Qatar more specifically on the capital city of Doha. The primary research will focus on the expected impact of the world cup on the country’s economy in the words of the residents of the host country and also the general public of London. Direct interview with the help of questionnaire and mailed interview are to be chosen as the methods for primary research. Whether the security measures that will be undertaken by the government suitable for a safe hosting of the event, whether the country will be a good host for the foreigners and also whether the huge spending on the organization of the mega event suite the economy of the country will be the main focus of the primary research. The primary research will be mainly a qualitative one where as the secondary research will include both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Identification of research population (including sampling procedures) The residents of London and that of Doha are chosen for the primary research. The sample size will be selected to be 100 for each and it will be a stratified random sampling. The sample from each country will be divided in two groups of students and professional individuals. Identification of potential risks to participants (including anonymity) Confidentiality of the identification of the individuals - the identity of the students and the professional individuals selected from each city for the purpose of primary research shall be kept confidential. Statement of how risks will be minimised/avoided Proper secrecy will need to be maintained and the identity of no individuals will be in any case disclosed to anyone. Also none should be forced or persuaded to answer the questions or participate in the survey. The BERA/ESRC (delete as appropriate) guidelines have been consulted to inform ethical practice ? Ethical Research Issues Checklist (Below to be completed by student) Has the research proposal identified any of the following research procedures? (Circle/Underline): 1. Gathering information about human beings (and organisations) through; Interviewing, Surveying, Questionnaires, Observation of human behaviour Taking human tissue/fluids Interfering in normal physiological and/or psychological processes 2. Using archived data in which individuals are identifiable 3. Researching into illegal activities 4. Research with children/vulnerable adults (I confirm that I have CRB clearance ?) If any of the above are circled/underlined, does the proposal satisfactorily identify the ways in which the following will be dealt with the following (tick boxes for “Yes”): (Below to be completed by research supervisor) Voluntary participation without inducement; Procedures for providing participants with full awareness of the objectives of the research, the procedures to be followed, and the anticipated outcomes particularly in respect of publication of findings; Proposal has met the criteria for respect for confidentiality and publication contained in Research Ethics Committee policy Research proposal form completed appropriately Informed consent completed appropriately Do the procedures identified in the proposal necessitate full formal risk assessment? YES/NO Has the risk assessment been carried out? YES/NO/NONE REQUIRED Does this assessment fall within university limits? YES/NO/NONE REQUIRED Consent letter Dear _____, As per the allotted schedule of my M.Sc /M.A/ B.A/ B.Sc studies at the University of ________, I am pursuing a research project in order to investigate the advantages that a country hosting an international competition and mega events like the FIFA world cup enjoys an impact of the mega event. Special mention of the expected advantages that the economy of Qatar, more specifically that of Doha will experience is the main focus of this research work. However like the two sides of a coin every event has a negative effect along with the positive ones. Since the negative impacts that a hosting country experience as an after effect of the mega event also deserves investigations, it is also an integral part of the research work. Apart from these whether the country hosting the mega event will experience an economic growth along with the overall development of the economy as an impact of the event is another objective of this research. For the purpose of the investigation the general public of Doha has been chosen as a sample for the research. Apart from that the reactions and the expectations of the residents of London also required to be noted and hence is also a part of the sample of the study. The total samples from each city are again subdivided into sections from the student population and that of the working adults of the mentioned region. A method of direct interview through questionnaire is selected for the residents of London, whereas a mailed procedure is for the sample of Doha. This study is hoped to enhance the understanding of the impact a country experiences from the huge spending they made for a success for an international competition. Moreover comparison of the expectations and the responses of the people of Doha to that of London will enable to avoid the biasness of their responses in either case. I shall be highly obliged if you could help me with the research work by providing an honest response to the interview questionnaire. No information as well as identity will be disclosed to any other individuals so as to maintain proper secrecy of the same. There is no obligation regarding the participation in the interview and you can even stop at any point during the study. This will surely not affect your position in the society. Moreover there is no financial or any other inducement for the participation in the study. I will make my findings available to you when I have completed my study. If needed, contact me at my email or contact my advisor at supervisor’s email. You can also contact either of us if you have questions about the research after you have completed your part of the study. If you have any concerns about this study or the way that you have been approached, please contact the University’s independent contact, Secretary to the University Research Ethics Committee If you do not have any questions about the instructions, please sign your name below. I volunteer to participate in this study, entitled “Advantages and disadvantages of holding world cup” Signed Participant's signature Print participant's name here: Signed Researcher's signature Read More