Nursing Care of People - Assignment Example

Nursing Name Institution Nursing 1. What are three of the most important things that you have learnt from this week’s tasks? I have learnt that nurses, as other healthcare practitioners are required to safeguard the safety of the patients all the time. This is especially in the case of chest tube patients, where research has indicated that few nurses and other healthcare practitioners know the appropriate procedure to follow in such cases. Despite people’s concerted efforts in maintaining healthy living standards, diseases and injuries are at times inevitable. This is where the health facilities come in as people troop in to these facilities seeking treatment. Though doctors diagnose and treat various medical conditions, nurses spend a more time with the patients. Australian act Registered Nurse Safe Staffing Act of 2013 is highly welcome as it addresses some of the issues affecting nurses. In nursing profession, there are different sections of specialization. Each section is mandated to deal with specific health conditions of patients. For this paper, there are diverse conditions of health that patients are undoing. The nurses too are diverse in handing patients of each section in an effort to revive the health conditions of patients back to normal Representative Capps Lois introduced it into congress on April 4, 2013 as an amendment to the title XVIII of the Social Security Act requiring that each hospital under Medicare put into place a staffing plan for its nursing services. The plan should provide for enough number of nurses to attend to the patients efficiently on all shifts. This will help ensure the nurses give the right kind of care to the patients in consideration of their unique characteristics and expectations of the hospital (Kolar, 2003). It will also help to ensure no compromise in the quality of healthcare services. This bill also provides for protection of whistleblowers that in this case may be patients or nurses airing various complaints and grievances. This bill has helped attract more people into the field of nursing. One of the reasons for this is that the bill seeks to ensure enough staffing in hospitals and as such avoiding overworking of the available staff, which scares many students aspiring to become nurses. The quality of health services is also bound to improve. According to Woodgate and Krowchuk (2011), this will also ensure good practice since one can report an irregular action by a hospital’s management or staff without the fear of victimization. A stakeholder is anyone who receives the effect of a particular course of action. The stakeholders in this case include all people within the jurisdiction in which this law applies. At various occasions, nurses have to go out of their way to ensure the success of health services. As such, the Registered Nurse Safe Staffing Act of 2013 is highly welcome as it addresses some of the issues affecting nurses. With this Act in place, the quality of service in the nursing practice is bound to improve. It is upon stakeholders to play their role in ensuring the successful implementation of this Act. In this paper, there are diverse health conditions of patients such as chest tubes, catheterized patients, and nasogastric patients. These category of patients need to be handled with great care in order to undergo surgery and proper care also after the procedure of surgery. However, in the course of service provision prior, during and after the surgery, nurses are prone to making mistakes that can place patients at danger if immediate actions are not taken to correct the situations. For the process to be a success, preoperative nurses must be available. They are co surgeons in other words because they make the work of surgeons easier and effective. Perioperative nurses are at times referred to as surgical or an Operating Room Nurses. They provide care for patient’s prior, during and after surgery. They work close with surgical groups to verify that patients are getting the best conceivable care, and serve as contacts between the surgical group and the patients' families. As a Perioperative Nurse, she or he helps patients with recuperation quickly taking after surgery and show them, and their families, about at-home postoperative consideration. Preoperative nurses As surgical consideration progresses, so does the extent of attendants' obligations. O.R. Medical caretakers are currently alluded to as Perioperative Registered Nurses to all the more precisely mirror their obligations quickly some time recently, amid, and after surgery. Perioperative enrolled attendants are depended upon for their expert judgment and basic intuition aptitudes. They may work nearly with the surgical patient, relatives, and other medicinal services experts. They help plan, execute, and assess treatment of the patient. The two customary parts in perioperative nursing are scour medical caretaker and coursing attendant, both of which oblige learning of life systems and physiology, surgical intercession methods, and important hardware and instrumentation. Either a surgical professional or an enlisted medical caretaker can fill the scour. Medical attendant part, in which the medical attendant performs a surgical hand clean and aseptically wears a surgical outfit and gloves. The scour attendant stays "sterile" and is in charge of straightforwardly helping the surgical group by reckoning and giving the vital instruments and supplies amid the method. The circling medical caretaker, then again, satisfies the nursing part. On the off chance that the specialist is The "commander of the boat" the coursing medical attendant is the captain," organizing patient care and case stream of the surgical suite. This part gives attendants independence and the chance to work with a multidisciplinary group. Other perioperative medical caretaker parts are: affirmed enrolled attendant first collaborator (CRNFA), strength administration pioneer, and perioperative attendant master With perioperative nursing, the nursing procedure is utilized to evaluate, plan, and actualize patient consideration. At the point when surveying patients, the medical caretaker must deliberately survey the patient's present and past health history; research facility values; mental status; social prerequisites; tangible and movement hindrances; and comprehension of method. Largely amid an obtrusive strategy, patients are given anesthesia drugs to deliver an oblivious state. Patients depend on the perioperative medical attendant to be their supporter during this time. Perioperative enrolled medical caretakers give surgical patient care by evaluating, arranging, and executing the nursing care that patients get some time recently, during and after surgery. These exercises incorporate patient evaluation, making and keeping up a sterile and safe surgical environment, pre, and post-agent understanding training, observing the patient's physical and enthusiastic progress, and incorporating and facilitating patient care all through the surgical consideration continuum. During surgery, the perioperative enrolled medical caretaker may accept any of the accompanying obligations: • Scrub medical caretaker – meets expectations specifically with the specialist inside of the clean field by passing instruments, wipes, and different things required amid the surgical technique. • Circulating medical attendant – meets expectations outside the clean field. In charge of dealing with the nursing care inside of the O.R. by watching the surgical group from an expansive viewpoint and helping the group in making and keeping up a sheltered, agreeable environment. • RN First Assistant – in the wake of finishing far reaching extra training and preparing to convey direct surgical consideration, the RN First Assistant may straightforwardly help the specialist by controlling draining and by giving injury presentation and suturing amid the genuine strategy. Perioperative enlisted attendants likewise may act as an O.R. Executive, overseeing spending plans, staffing, and different business parts of the working room. Some perioperative enrolled medical attendants might later consider a vocation in business as a service advisor, clinical teacher, specialist, or medicinal deals proficient. Perioperative attendants in the USA may perform a few parts, including Circulating (or Circulator or scout) attendant, Instrument (or clean) nurture, Pre-agent (or patient gathering) medical caretaker, Post Aesthetic Care Unit or Recovery medical attendant, Registered Nurse First Assistant (RNFA), and Patient Educator. The parts and capacities may have diverse names or capabilities somewhere else - for occasion, Operating Department Practitioner (ODP) in the UK. Flowing Nurse The flowing (or circulator or scout) medical caretaker is a preoperative attendant that helps with dealing with the nursing consideration of a patient amid surgery. The circulatory watches for ruptures in surgical sepsis and organizing for the requirement of the surgical group. The circulatory is not cleaned for the situation, yet rather deals with the consideration and environment amid surgery. Instrument Nurse The instrument (clean) attendant is a preoperative medical caretaker that works straightforwardly with the specialist inside of the clean field. The clean medical attendant passes instruments, wipes, and different things required amid the strategy. The title originates from the necessity to scour their hands and arms with unique sanitizing solutions. RN First Assistant A RNFA is the specialist's right hand, surgical associate, or aide specialist that gives help in presentation, hemostasis, conclusion, and other intraoperative specialized capacities that bail the specialist do a sheltered operation. The obligations incorporate a survey of the quiet's case, help OR staff in get ready for the agent method, help with situating, preparing and hanging of the patient, give withdrawal, look after hemostasis, performing bunch tying, give conclusion of tissue layers, help focus insert gadgets, drill, ream, close up and estimated tissues, and complete the technique by cleaning and applying dressings, throws, or braces. This part requires extra training and preparing well beyond customary instruction for turning into a Registered Nurse. For instance, in the scenario in these paper, different operations needs special caregivers form the preoperative nurses (Poth, 2011). However, the help becomes more beneficial and worth if, there is a joint effort among the caregivers who are the preoperative nurses, the family members, as well as the patients themselves. Module 10 The activities in Model 10 suggest that, for patients with chest tubes complication, conventionally, large-bore Argyle-type drains would be inserted. However, the last one-decade has seen a shift from this to inserting of a small bore 10-12 French gauge drains by the use of the Salinger technique. The technique was thought to result in a reduction in the patient invasiveness and discomfort, with physicians vouching for it because of the apparent speed and ease of insertion given the smallness of the drain (Maskell et al, 2010). Some of the complications pertaining to small bore chest tubes could include hospital-acquired pleural infections by the use of non-aseptic method, puncture of the intercostal artery, insufficient “stay” suture which results in the falling out of the chest tube, blockage of the tube unlike the case of the larger bore Argyle drains, as well organ perforation as a result of the over-introduction of dilator to the chest cavity. Module 11 In catheterization, urinary catheterization involves the inserting of a catheter into the bladder of a patient. The catheter is used as a channel and drain urine from the bladder into an attached bag or container. Inserting and indwelling urethral catheter is a procedure that is invasive and it should perform only by a qualified and competent health care specialist with use of aseptic technique. Preforming catheterization of the urinary tract should be done only if there is a specific and adequate clinical symptom for high infection risk. What specific further knowledge do you think you need in order to be able to practice ethically and legally in situations involving refusal of treatment? Apparently, risk difference is useful when considering treatments for individual patients as the difference a treatment will make to them depends on their level of risk. Take an example of comparing different oral contraceptive pills just to be in the risk of deep vein thrombosis. These measures are prone to certain disadvantage. Certain measure must have a strong relationship between the process and the outcome measures. It is unrealistic to post a certain measure yet its outcome has no close relationship (Kieman, 2006). These links can come from previously published evidence and can be demonstrated for the group whose quality of care is being evaluated. Exercise can be a measure for obese persons to reduce weight. These are demonstrated from the main cause of obese as being excess weight. Thus reducing weight may be one of the measures to treat obesity (Eggar & Davey, 1997). If these measures are not effectively used or not used at all, factors that poses danger in the individual sectors and community of nursing arise. Loss of the domain of nursing will be incurred. This is to say if no quality service were posed, then the meaning of being in a nursing activity would not be needed. Module 13. Activity 1 Myocardial infarction occurs when myocardial ischemia, a diminished blood supply to the heart, exceeds a critical threshold and overwhelms myocardial cellular repair mechanisms designed to maintain normal operating function and homeostasis. Ischemia at this critical threshold level for an extended period results in irreversible myocardial cell damage or death.. Critical myocardial ischemia can occur as a result of increased myocardial metabolic demand, decreased delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium via the coronary circulation, or both Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death in the United States and in most industrialized nations throughout the world. Approximately 450, 000 people in the United States die from coronary disease per year. The survival rate for U.S. patients hospitalized with MI is approximately 95%. This represents a significant improvement in survival and is related to improvements in emergency medical response and treatment strategies. The incidence of MI increases with age; however, the actual incidence is dependent on predisposing risk factors for atherosclerosis. Approximately 50% of all MIs in the United States occur in people younger than 65 years. However, in the future, as demographics shift and the mean age of the population increases, a larger percentage of patients presenting with MI will be older than 65 years. Primary risk factors have been identified with the development of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and MI: hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, tobacco use, male gender, and family history of atherosclerotic arterial disease. The presence of any risk factor is associated with doubling the relative risk of developing atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Module 12 Acute renal failure is unexpected disintegration in renal capacity, which is normally, however not perpetually reversible more than a time of days or weeks, and typically joined by a lessening in pee volume. Conversely; constant renal disappointment is the clinical disorder of the metabolic and systemic outcomes of a continuous, considerable and irreversible diminishment in the excretory and homeostatic elements of the kidneys. Symptoms of diabetes type 2 • Increased thirst and regular pee. Abundance sugar building up in your circulatory system causes liquid to be pulled from the tissues. This may abandon you parched. Accordingly, you may drink and urinate more than common. • Increased yawning. Without enough insulin to move sugar into your cells, your muscles and organs get to be exhausted of vitality. This triggers exceptional yearning. • Weight loss. Notwithstanding eating more than normal to alleviate hunger, you may get in shape. Without the capacity to metabolize glucose, the body utilizes option fills put away as a part of muscle and fat. Calories are lost as overabundance glucose is discharged in the pee. • Fatigue. On the off chance that your cells are denied of sugar, you may get to be drained and bad tempered. • Blurred vision. On the off chance that your glucose is too high, liquid may be pulled from the lenses of your eyes. This may influence your capacity to core interest. • Slow-recuperating bruises or continuous diseases. Sort 2 diabetes influences your capacity to mend and oppose contaminations. • Areas of obscured skin. A few individuals with sort 2 diabetes have patches of dim, smooth skin in the folds and wrinkles of their bodies, this is ordinarily in the armpits and neck. This condition, called acanthosis nigricans, may be its indication. Module 13. Activity 2. The best and relevant codes to suit the activity in this scenario are as follows Practice in a safe and competent manner. Practice in accordance with the agreed standards of the profession. Not bring discredit upon the reputation of the nursing profession. Practice in accordance with laws relevant to the nurse’s area of practice. 5. Respect the dignity, culture, values and beliefs of an individual and any significant other person. 6. Support the health, wellbeing and informed decision-making of an individual. 7. Promote and preserve the trust that is inherent in the privileged relationship between a nurse and an individual, and respect both the person and property of that individual. 8. Treat personal information obtained in a professional capacity as confidential. 9. Refrain from engaging in exploitation, misinformation and misrepresentation in regard to health care products and nursing services. Module 13. Activity 3. According to the state in Australia, I think the nurses should be involved in CPR decisions. They in to be part of decision making and policy formulation of health matters as they are stakeholders as far as the conditions discussed above are concerned In sum, all the above-discussed health conditions are addressed by the perioperative nurses who are diverse in delivering services to patients in such situations. It is paramount to note that, such services need to be offered in order to help the patients get back to normal health conditions. However, patients and other home caregivers need to cooperate to make these processes a success. It should not be assumed to the nurses’ work to do this. Cooperation is vital for anything to be successful. For instance in catheterization, there are patients who are allowed to help themselves do that, this means those family members need to work with the patient to make it safe and with less pain. As in many instances, negligence leads to prolonged side effects and the patients end up contracting other opportunistic infections. 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