Using research evidence identify the risks associated with the use of ECT and describe the steps now taken to reduce those risks. Evaluate the risks in terms of potential benefits of the treatment - Essay Example

Research has shown that release of certain brain chemicals and stimulation of growth of new blood vessel in certain areas of brain probably helps improvement of the condition of the patient (RCP, 2008). Some researchers propose that ECT works by alteration in the post-synaptic response to the neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (NICE, 2003). ECT is given in a hospital setting in special set rooms called ECT Suite. The current is delivered across the brain of a patient in a controlled way using a special ECT machine.

The patient is given an anesthetic so that he is not conscious during the procedure. A muscle relaxant is also given to prevent serious injuries due to muscle spasms. The duration of seizures aimed at is 20 to 50 seconds long. If the current is passed across the whole brain, it is known as bilateral ECT. If it is passed across one side, it is unilateral. A patient will need on average 6 to 8 treatments to complete a course (RCP, 2008). Administration of ECT affects the central nervous system and also causes changes in the dynamics of the cardiovascular system.

This therapy can cause many side effects as discussed below. Some immediate potential complications which are worth mentioning are laryngospasm, status epilepticus and peripheral nerve palsy. These events occur in 1 per 1300 to 1400 treatment sessions. However, research has shown that the mortality associated with ECT is in no way more than the mortality associated with administration of general anesthesia for a minor surgery (NICE, 2003). The procedure of giving ECT involves several weeks. The patient develops several epileptic seizures and receives many anesthetics.

There are many side effects for this treatment. Short-term side effects include head ache, muscle ache, feeling of muzzy headedness, feeling sick, distress and feeling fearful. In older patients, confusion can occur. There is small risk of death of 1 in 50,000