Analysis of the U.S Immigration Sources - Annotated Bibliography Example

U.S Immigration Sources – Annotated Bibliography Preston, Julia. Path to Citizenship for Immigrants Draws Support AcrossParty Lines, Survey Finds. 21 Mar. 2013. Web. 07 Apr. 2014. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/22/us/broad-support-for-path-to-citizenship-poll-finds.html?ref=immigrationandemigration&_r=0. Americans are divided on the issue concerning immigrants being given the opportunity to become full citizens. While some believed the immigration issue had impact on America’s previous presidential elections, others maintain otherwise. This is because the losing party advocated for a strategy that would push illegal immigrants in America to deport themselves. Some of the reasons cited as the negative effects of immigration include being a threat to American culture and traditions. However, overall, approximately 75% of Americans are favoring the opinion of giving the illegal immigrants an opportunity for the legal status and a path to citizenship. The overall progress that has been made by the president includes a proposal for the illegal immigrants to wait at least thirteen years before they could get the chance to apply to become citizens. This source is credible since it presents all sides of the controversial immigration issue before deducing any conclusions. The main political parties’ take has been evaluated and the potential effect that the issue may have on the outcome of those parties. The overall progress that has been made by the president is also evaluated to ensure that information from all concerned parties is available. Furthermore, the public’s view on this issue has not been ignored in the case because American’s views make a significant impact on the outcome of most issues. Personally, I would deduce that the larger portion of Americans is favoring the move to give illegal immigrants a legal status. Although this might affect the traditions as cited by some concerned Americans mostly due to intermarriages, U.S is a free country that gives individuals the freedom of choosing where they would want to belong. Additionally, if the illegal immigrants were granted the opportunity to become citizens, then issues regarding deportations on minor crimes would cease and create a better environment for the immigrants. Green, Alison, and Jack Martin. "Uncontrolled Immigration and the U.S. Health Care System." The Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies 29.2 (2004): 225-41. Print. The American health system is under crisis and the cause of the problem is being projected on to the immigrants. This is because the author indicates that both legal and illegal immigrants account for approximately one billion dollars annually in the form of unreimbursed medical expenses. Additionally, an estimated 75% of the total operating costs in some hospitals represent uncompensated healthcare mostly for the illegal immigrants. This is then being blamed on the laws existing in U.S that mostly maintain that any individual seeking emergency healthcare must be attended to irrespective of their immigration status, insurance, or even income. This is in spite of the idea that that these hospitals receive little or no reimbursement for offering these services. The immigration policies in U.S have also been blamed for being part of the causes behind healthcare crisis in the country. This is because the law that requires immigrants to have sponsors in U.S is not being followed leading to the fact that costs are rarely recovered from the immigrants. Immigration has been the main cause for population increase in U.S although the largest number of immigrants, both legal and illegal, is not insured. This source provides relevant information on areas not covered by other resources. This is because the issue behind healthcare problems has been connected to the alarming increase in the American population, which is in turn the result of immigration. All scopes of the issue ranging from lack of insurance cover for immigrants to their connection with deteriorating healthcare have been adequately addressed. Additionally, the role of the American policy has also been assessed to a large extent with respect to healthcare problems. The information provided by this resource is authentic. This is because it involves reasoning in all scopes that could be leading to problems in the healthcare system in the U.S. It would be appropriate to deduce that the immigration policies are leading to the healthcare problem. This is because they do not compensate for the expenses incurred by hospitals while treating immigrants although any individual should be given attention if they need emergency healthcare. Johnson, Kevin. "Gender and U.S. Immigration: Contemporary Trends." Contemporary Sociology 33.3 (2004): 304-5. Print. The author maintains that when immigrants arrive in America, they experience different changes. While men may lose social status, which was present in countries of origin, women may gain many freedoms. When individuals from countries such as China, Russia, Mexico, and Israel arrive in U.S, they experience different effects mostly social. These effects determine their urge to either return to their native nations or stay in the U.S. For instance, while women from Mexico may want to remain in America to avoid the Mexican patriarchal social structure, men would want to return due to favors of the Mexican social structure on men. The author introduces a new concept involving transnational mothering, which is a state where a mother travels to U.S for economic reasons and must maintain contact with their children back in their native countries. Generation differences between the immigrants and their counterparts in the native countries are also emerging as most people become exposed to alien cultures. This source is a reliable source mostly showing the effects of immigration on both the immigrants and the changes arising from immigration. Perceptions of certain traditional aspects are shifting due to immigration effects as people come across people from different cultures practicing different traditions. The urge to remain in U.S or to go back to native countries is being determined by social aspects. This source provides a different perspective of immigration as well as its effect on social practices; thus, very unique. The information that this article tries to convey is very important because it shows the changes that occur when individuals arrive in America. It also shows how the American social aspects are favoring one gender and the freedoms in U.S that determines an individual’s decision on whether to stay or go back to native countries. The freedoms that women face away from oppressing societal beliefs are the main reasons why women prefer remaining in U.S. A new trend of transnational mothering is also important in explaining how difficult mothering becomes when people immigrate. Franck, Oscar J. "The Impact of Immigration Reform on the U.S. Housing Market." Multi - Housing News 42.1 (2007): 32. Print. The author argues that tightening the restrictions on immigrants may affect the housing market in the U.S. This is because statistically, Hispanic immigrants who comprise a large portion of the American population will constitute the largest number of home buyers by 2026. This will affect the American economy whose home business taxes comprise a significant proportion of the country’s revenues. The law that might lead to this issue involves treating illegal immigrants as felons. The article makes a clear claim that the undocumented workers who usually comprise the illegal immigrants mostly entering the U.S through the Mexican U.S border contribute immensely towards both economic and communal development. This is because the businesses that they have establish in the U.S support the country’s hotel and tourism sectors and comprise a bigger portion that provides affordable labor to big businesses that in turn make substantial contribution to the government through taxes. While the law seeks to openly clamp down on Hispanic immigrants, it would mean losses in billions of revenue income for the government. Instead, there is a better solution to this issue that involves tougher rules but having a guest worker program in place. This resource provides a new scope with regard to the importance of illegal immigrants. This is with regard to the contribution that they make towards the U.S’s revenue and labor fronts. Both sides of the issue are fully evaluated including the impact if immigration is discouraged as well as the benefit if proper policies are put in to place. A solution is even proposed which would ensure that both sides benefit in that immigration would not be discouraged in its entirety and that the government does not lose the revenues generated through it. Personally, I would conclude that this is one of the many sources that present a positive side of the immigration issue. Besides that, the article even goes ahead to propose a policy that would ensure that both sides of the case benefit. This is one of the most effective pieces of information that can be applied effectively to control immigration but not to deter it due to the benefits that result from it. Serena Dàvila. "The Immigration Quandary in the U.S." Financial Executive 23.6 (2007): 64. Print. There are more controversial policies that have emerged from the issue of illegal immigrants. A compromise bill has been reached by senators in collaboration with the White House which gives the over 12 million immigrants an opportunity to remain in the U.S, while giving more concern to education as well as job skills when determining which immigrants should be allowed to stay in America. In addition, another condition would be imposed on the illegal immigrants before being allowed to settle in America; a $5,000 dollar fine. However, although the bill would act in a positive way with regard to giving legal status to illegal immigrants, it would hike the penalties imposed on the businesses that employ the illegal immigrants. This would be problematic since immigrants represent an essential part of the service industries with regard to provision of affordable labor. For other businesses such as healthcare, immigrants represent a drain on social services as well as healthcare leading to higher spending. The other provision by the bill indicates that a program known as guest worker program would allow approximately 400,000 temporary workers to enter U.S annually mostly to work in the low skilled jobs within the growing service industry. Despite the bill appearing too promising, the Senate failed to pass it but there was an possibility of resurrecting it at some point. The source provides dependable information concerning previous steps that the Senate has attempted to use to resolve the immigration issue. Although the bill did not push through, it is one of the best bills because it would not prohibit immigration to ensure that the business sector benefits from the affordable labor. This resource provides information that is present in other resources such as the issue regarding guest worker program. From a personal view, the Senate should have pushed the bill forward although it was not eliminated for good. This is because it proposed one of the best solutions to immigration that the country and the immigrants need. The idea that the immigrants would not be deported is an important part of the immigrants since they immigrated to U.S in search for better lives and deporting them would be unfair. Jordan, Miriam. "U.S. News: Court Freezes Immigration Law." Wall Street Journal, 12 Apr 2011. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. http://search.proquest.com/business/docview/861373444/fulltext/DA604AD5BB324717PQ/75?accountid=45049 A federal court upheld a freeze on an Arizona immigration law, which was being challenged by immigrant rights groups and the Obama immigration. The main argument was that states like Arizona have the obligation to protect their citizens as well as enforce the immigration laws in accordance to the federal statute. However, proponents of the freeze maintained that the law encouraged racial profiling by the authorities. In addition, the law was said to violate the constitution’s supremacy clause. The lawyers that were representing Arizona maintained that the U.S stepped into the breach left behind by the failure of the federal government to tackle illegal immigration. Besides the provision requiring police to verify immigration status, the provision blocked three additional parts of the Arizona law that incorporate the responsibility of the immigrants to carry their registration documents. This article provides credible information mostly regarding the modes of oppression that befalls the immigrants. According to the author, the immigrants were required to carry documentations around to verify that they were registered. This implies that if an individual was not registered, the possibilities of being deported increased. This increases racial profiling, which the country is attempting to end and enhance equality among all individuals in the country. From a personal perspective, the law should not be allowed to continue functioning in any state in U.S. This is mostly because the law encouraged racial discrimination. This is one of the vices that have coexisted in the American society where the native citizens are given a preference and viewed as superior than their counterparts from other races. Therefore, the court should not allow this law to continue under the mere reason that the state should protect its people. The immigrants are people looking for better life. Javier Erik Olveraand, Mike S. "The Immigration Debate: 70 Percent of Mexicans in California are U.S. Citizens." McClatchy - Tribune Business News Nov 05 2007. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. http://search.proquest.com/business/docview/463717360/fulltext/DA604AD5BB324717PQ/35?accountid=45049 Statistical figures by the U.S Census Bureau indicate that approximately 70% of California’s Mexican population comprise of U.S citizens. This brings the belief that illegal immigrants overrun California. The statistics put a spotlight on the steady demographic transition that took place between 2000 and 2006. California was leading the U.S in the number of illegal immigrants gaining citizenship. The trend into citizenship is mostly attributed to a boom in births with Mexican Americans comprising at least 7.6 million of California’s 36 million residents by 2006. Although there are other Latino subgroups, Mexican immigrants comprise the largest number of immigrants in California. In spite of the fact that there exists the possibility of being deported, Mexican Americans maintain that their children were born in American and they would remain in America. This resource provides credible information regarding the effect that immigration from the Mexican side has on one of the states; California. This information is important since it provides data showing the countries that have been contributing a lot towards immigration statistics. It is logical that Mexican immigrants may comprise approximately 20% of California because this state borders Mexico and is one of the places that Mexicans use when entering into the U.S. From a personal perspective, it is highly probable that Mexican immigrants will comprise a bigger percentage of the overall U.S population bearing in mind that their numbers have been increasing due to births. Additionally, the possibility that they would be deported might be harder because the Mexican children born in U.S are American citizens. However, their numbers will continue to increase due to both immigration and births. Ender, Joanna. "Immigration in the U.S.: Economic Effects on the Nation and its Cities." Business Review - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia (2005): 44-51. Print. The debate regarding the effects that immigration has had on the American economy has intensified in most societal settings that include classrooms and the media. Philadelphia is one of the states with the least number of immigrants with approximately 8% of its overall population being immigrants. The author maintains that the immigration effect on low skilled sector has been small. However, this is not attributed to low number of immigrants but the wages associated with low skill jobs. Most immigrants enter U.S seeking to acquire jobs that require advanced skills. The immigrants leave their countries well educated and prefer to look for jobs in America due to better payment opportunities than in their countries of origin. The introduction of new technologies in U.S has been increasing the demand for highly skilled and educated individuals. The immigrants are targeting such opportunities in the U.S. However, the immigrants have led to an increase in demand in the housing market. While other resources have claimed that increase in immigration has led to more labor available for the low skilled sector such as the service sector, this article introduces a new theory of the same. The idea that the immigrants were coming to U.S to seek out for high skill jobs is new since most people view them as low skilled. Relevant data has been provided to show that a significant number of immigrants have been targeting high-level opportunities. From a personal point of view, the conclusion that immigrants are low skilled could be misguided. As shown, there has been a shift in the number of immigrants targeting to secure jobs in the low skill sector as the resource notes. However, the effect on demand in the housing market is as expected; increasing. Read More