Individual academic and practical 'state-of-the-art' report - Essay Example

The perspective of the entrepreneur and the management of new venture is clearly seen through the fact that real entrepreneur should see the opportunity for creating and managing this venture. It is stated, that 'the fundamental activity of entrepreneurship is new venture creation'. (Carland, Hoy & Carland, 1988) However, it is also argumentative, whether this statement should be added with the more specific characteristics as for profitability of this enterprise. This is a dubious aspect, as ventures are initially different, and often entrepreneurship is meant for creation of non-profit enterprise, but in any case the recognition of the opportunity is the basic factor of entrepreneurship and is the start of new venture creation and management.

This recognition of opportunity can be recognized through the two different views: a) the opportunity for the formation of a new venture; b) the opportunity for the significant improvement of the already existing venture. One of the most important perspectives of entrepreneurship in venture management is recognition of these opportunities, because on the one hand without this recognition new ventures would not be created or improved, and on the other hand, this recognition is the display of these very entrepreneurial characteristics of the person.

Thus, they may partially be equated. However, entrepreneurship cannot be limited to the search and recognition of opportunities. It is of course an everlasting process in managing any new venture, because any action the entrepreneur has to take to improve or change the business is again the recognition of new opportunity for this change and improvement, as well as profitable use of this opportunity. 'Entrepreneurship is the process of identifying opportunities, marshalling the resources needed to take advantage of the opportunities, and creating a new venture for the purposes of providing needed products/ services to customers and achieving a profit.

' (Fletcehr, 2006) It is meaningful, that the world 'entrepreneur' is taken from a French verb which is translated as 'to undertake'. The word 'undertaking' is core for defining the essence of entrepreneurship. It means that a person is able and willing to take certain steps on his (her) own initiative for the achievement of the certain set goals. Another perspective of the entrepreneur when managing new venture can be seen through the fact that entrepreneurship involves risks, and the risk of failure for new ventures is especially high.

This is why in order to be successful in managing a new venture the entrepreneur should be able to take decisions and to tolerate the conditions of risk, not only surviving in them, but developing and expanding business. Venture entrepreneurship is somewhat different from the innovation entrepreneurship. (Aldrich & Martinez, 2001) While venture entrepreneurship is connected with the creation of the new ventures, and as a result, of new jobs and positive growth of GDP, innovation entrepreneurship will later be discussed in this work and is connected with the improvements made in already existing enterprises.

Comparing these two kinds of entrepreneurship, it is appropriate to suggest that while newly created ventures are mostly small, but