Medical Devices Decontamination - Essay Example

Running Head: MEDICAL DEVICES DECONTAMINATION Medical Devices Decontamination of the of the Medical Devices Decontamination Automated Washer Disinfector Automated Washer Disinfectors are the cleaners intended to make medical devices reusable and hygienic, by helping out in their protected handling, disinfect them, and finally sterilize medical instruments so that they can be used again. The main objective of cleaning (with the help of washer decontaminators) medical instruments is to provide completely clean and hygienic medical devices, which are not dangerous for the Reprocessing personals and have received the proper treatment in order to disinfect and sterilize medical devices. (Ryan, 2005, 15) It is a very familiar threat of getting exposed to a number of unrevealed microorganisms that reprocessing staffs’ bear in the process of cleansing, reprocessing, and sterilization of medical instruments. Washer Disinfectors are designed to reduce the quantity and extent of reprocessing staffs exposure to this danger and make reprocessed medical devices available that are hygienic: harmless for handling, secure for patient care, and become safe at the cheapest cost. (Reichert, 2008, 34) The most favorable cleansing cleaning-reprocessing of medical devices will provide all the requirements needed to disinfect medical devices and sterilize surgical instruments and make surgical instruments harmless to handle, and diminish costs of reprocessing. The "most appropriate series of medical devices Washers Treatments" includes a sequence of mechanical and chemical conducts. (Marimargaret, 2008, 32) Mechanical conducts take account of: chilled water pre-wash using a solution of ultrasonic cleaner, detergent rinse, distilled water washes, and warm air aeration. (Jette and Lambert, 2006, 15) The chemical management involves mixture of enzymatic cleaners, lubricants and surface conditioners. Medical devices automated Washer Disinfectors, executes a pre-wash, ultrasonic (not obligatory), detergent cleaning, high temperature water rinsing, lubrication and at last drying at high temperatures in order to make medical devices methodically clean, free from any dirt or stains and sufficiently lubricate them. It is not possible to make Medical devices sterilized until and unless each and every surface is thoroughly cleaned, before sterilization process, in order to make them free from soil or debris rinse them thoroughly in order to prevent staining. The most appropriate series of treatment at the right time, correct temperature is essential to make medical devices significantly clean and safe for handling. An automated Washer Disinfectors eliminates unwanted debris with the help of cold water pre-wash, which is responsible to remove accumulated lipids or proteins and protect from being baked onto devices. (Clontz, 2008, 305) After that, the ultrasonic course generates huge amounts of micro implosions to release and remove debris from lock boxes, pivot pins, and a number of un-approachable areas. Then Washer Disinfectors detergent wash and applies increased flow and less pressure water using a cleaning agent (at approximately 135 F) and uniformly get to every part of the stack and remove bioburden from the medical devices. (Barredo, 2005, 11) Then high temperature (194 -209 F) distil water rinse protects the biocide development; eliminates deposits of minerals from previous cycles and lubricate medical instruments. The elevated temperature i.e. 158-230 F dry cycle brings hot forced air that makes medical devices dry out quickly. Then the significant cleaned remedial devices become clean and secure to be used, with suitable sterilization, and are suitably ready for again usage. (Prahal, 2007, 09) These automated washer disinfectors removes all the harmful pathogens from medical instruments and make them ready for further usage. According to a research, conducted at The Washington University School of Medicine an appropriately designed Washer Decontaminator Washer Disinfector possesses the capability of removing all the micro-organisms present at the surgical instruments. (Clontz, 2007, 106) According to a test performed at University, agar plates with Thioglycoate medium showed further growth of microorganism in just 6-8 hrs following test. On the other hand all the tubes, which were examined after wash, had no growth of organisms subsequent to incubation of fourteen days. This indicated that Washer Disinfector was able to eradicate each and every micro-organism from the medical devices. (Jette and Lambert, 2006, 07) Washer Disinfector significant cleaners possess the capability of entirely removing microorganisms with valuable repeatability. An automated washer disinfector’s working is involuntary, trustworthy, manual labor saving and simple to make use of. Bioburden The quantitative evaluation of total number of viable microorganisms present inside or on surface of a medical device prior to sterilization is known as Bioburden. (Clontz, 2007, 109) Bioburden assessment test is critical in sterilization validation examinations that evaluate the doses of sterilization and is also employed customarily to follow bioburden levels. The aim for an effective bioburden control program is to find out the bioburden counts for some particular medical device. Variations of counts of bioburden can be seen as a trustworthy indicator to show that something is altered about how a given medical product is made or used. A number of variables constitute the making and packaging procedures for a particular medical product and a large number of variables can have an effect on the bioburden of a medical device. Bioburden evaluation test should be performed every time some alteration is made in the making or packaging procedure to make certain that the alteration has not made any effect on the microbial stack on the device. An alteration of bioburden may bring change to doses of sterilization. A rise in count of bioburden can negatively affect the efficacy and working of a medical device on its user if remains un-identified. To maintain levels of bioburden is very helpful. Levels of Bioburden are utilized in order to endorse some latest manufacturing procedures or to validate the requirement of revalidation of sterility doses at lesser levels. Bioburden testing is carried out in order to find out the quantity of full amount of viable microorganisms present inside or on the surface of a medical instrument or compartment following achievement of all in-process steps prior to sterilization. Effectiveness of recovery is a significant aspect for calculating entire bioburden. Customary analysis of bioburden involves single unit tested for comprehensive rinse at no charge with every set of ten indistinguishable units. Majority of pharmaceutical labs suggests that there should be at least 3 units to calculate recovery effectiveness of bioburden validation. It performs like a warning system to act in case of potential problems of production that may cause insufficient sterilization or potential product recall. It is used to determine the needed dose for successful radiation sterilization, and to keep an eye on a product consistently in order to make sure sufficient dosing. (Prahal, 2007, 17) It is applied on pharmacy or medical devices as a quality control determinant. Medical Products that are utilized in the pharmaceutical field involve microbial levels control in medical handling and processing. Bioburden testing on such medical devices ensure that all the sterilization requirements are fulfilled. There are 4 enzymes that are vital in breaking down bioburden from unhygienic and soiled medical devices. (Vaiden, 2008, 510) Those medical devices cleaners that do not hold following 4 enzymes are unable to eradicate all types of proteinaceous bioburden. In order to make medical devices cleaning procedure more methodical and effective, medical devices cleaning enzymes that are most needed include: Lipase medical devices sterilizing Enzymes i.e. used to remove fats etc, Amylase cleaning enzymes are used for starch, Carbohydrase Cleaning Enzymes used to remove high starches etc from medical devices and Protease Cleaning Enzymes are used for blood clots etc. Some other possible tests for Bioburden testing include Bioburden recovery prerequisite; Bioburden immunized product method, Bioburden, comprehensive rinse method, Bioburden Sample Item Portion (SIP), Bioburden Pooling and Bioburden aerobic & anaerobic bacteria, spores & fungi. Studies have shown that medical devices Washer disinfectors make use of the appropriate series of Washer Treatments in order to remove bioburden using an ultrasonic cleaner instrument of surgery, a mixture of medical appliance enzyme detergent, that may carry out the "thorough elimination of each and every pathogen" from medical devices and make these medical instruments free from all the dirt and pathogen by the finishing point of the process. (Barredo, 2005, 06) The "complete series of Washing Treatments for bioburden" includes a blend of treatments that are mechanical and chemical both. (Sapp, 2005, 291) Subsequent to getting sterilized in the medical washer disinfector with the help of an ultrasonic medical device cleaner and a mixture enzyme detergent medical device cleaner: examination of automated Washer Disinfectors proved the fact that the effectiveness of disinfections was 100%. (Prahal, 2007, 10) Every medical instrument, which was tested, proved to be disinfected at the finishing point of the entire course. The correct chain of Washer disinfector treatments involves a chain of treatments i.e. mechanical and chemical in nature. Mechanical treatment for bioburden involves a pre-wash with chilled water, ultrasonic cleaner for medical devices, detergent wash to the devices, rinsing with distilled water and eventually drying with hot air. One the other hand, chemical treatments involve enzymes protease, lipase, amylase sterilizers, medical devices detergents, and dirt removers for surfaces, lubricants and inert layer medical device surface conditioners. The Cleaning chemicals, which are utilized in bioburden removal, are presently obtainable in the variety of the all-in-ONE mixture enzymatic detergent conditioners and sterilizers. A vital part for best possible cleaning is to make use of the most effective concentrate for cleaning purpose. Latest studies have shown that mixture enzymatic detergent conditioners and cleaner are far more valuable than normally used cleaners. References Barredo. J (2005) Microbial Processes and Products, Humana Press, pg 1-12. Clontz. L (2007) Microbial Limit and Bioburden Tests: Validation Approaches and Global Requirements. Pg 100- 109 Clontz. L (2008) "A Practical Guide to Microbial Limit Methodologies", CRC Press, pg 301-310. Jette and Lambert. N (2006) “Evaluation of Two Hot Water Washer Disinfectors for Medical Instruments, Infection Control Hospital Epidemiologist pp. 3-19. Marimargaret Reichert, (2008) Processing Reusable Medical Devices, “Journal of Hospital Material Management, p. 30- 34. Prahal. C. (2007) The New age of Innovation. Pg5 - 17 Ryan. P (2005) Concepts of Cleaning Technologies and Processes,” Journal of Healthcare Material Management, pp. 10-23. Sapp. J (2005) Microbial Phylogeny and Evolution: Concepts and Controversies, Oxford University Press, pg 291 Vaiden. R (2008) Bioburden and sterilization; credentialing private scrub nurses; administering intravenous medications AORN, Pages 506-520 Read More