Introduction To Surface Tension - Essay Example

Introduction to Surface Tension Affiliation Surface Tension Surface tension is defined as that force which acts perpendicular to a fluid surface. Experimentally surface tension can be demonstrated by placing an insect on water, the insect is observed to float on water which is as a result of surface tension. Another experiment performed is when a small paper raft is carefully put on a surface, and observed to float on water. It can be concluded that the floating effects observed on the water surface originated from the attractive intermolecular forces (surface tension).The same forces which causes molecules to condense into a fluid (stthomas.edu). This intermolecular forces can be explained from the physics and chemistry knowledge, where in physics Pauli repulsion details that at very short distances molecules repel whereas in chemistry van der Waals attraction details that nearby molecules attract, an effect explained by dipole to dipole relation. Intermolecular Potential in a fluid From the Lecture it is stated that individual molecules of an atom are drawn to a group of other molecules which then condense into a fluid. The effects of surface tension can also be seen in the drops of a fluid where it is explained that the small drops of a fluid results as a means of reducing the surface tension. This can explain to as why the rain drops are always spherical that is, to minimize surface tension. Small rain drops are always spherical, larger rain drops are flattened at the bottom by air resistance, though when the rain drops tends to be larger than 4 millimeters it will tends split into smaller droplets due to wind shear (stthomas.edu). Seeing Symmetry The Lecture objectives were: What to look for Classifying patterns Making waves Examples of the symmetries include; Mirror symmetry Rotational symmetry Mirror symmetry The mirror symmetry is a reflection of the pattern Rotational Symmetry Depends on the angle of rotation that is, if it is rotated with sixty degrees it is said to be six-center. Analyzing image through Symmetry This can be done through: Group concept- here we can compose two symmetries to get symmetry Simplify-track symmetry in an essential cell, this is by making squares of symmetry until an element is represented in the middle or by rotating one mirror at 90 degrees. Two patterns can have the same type if their symmetry groups are the same. How images are made In the Lecture it is demonstrated by the use of two images for comparison and explaining how the images were made (stthomas.edu). The basic ingredients for making the images is the plane symmetry, three waves can be superimposed to get a certain image, this can be done through an additive model e.g. red + green + blue = white. Mathematicians use the complex numbers that is, a color wheel as a number system, when there are two numbers for example, cyan and red.Red can be taken as + 1 and cyan as -1, analogy 1 +(-1) = 0 meaning for disanalogy 1 + 1=2. To show the colors in plane waves mathematicians used the Euler’s formula Actuarial Education and Technology Enhanced Learning There are three basic areas of concern in Actuarial Education and Technology enhanced learning which includes; a. The threats and WScB response. These threats include; distance education, this started as early as 1890 in the form of correspondence and was carried out by mail services with the main advantage being access to learning; online actuary courses are becoming available, these includes exam review courses, online courses for VEE (validated by education experience) and professional associations; massive online courses which are free and open to the public and have the advantage that they are taught by known and respected people. The response to these threats is by identifying several activities which naturally support the outcome. The activities may include coursework, faculty membership and even student actuary club. Through these activities we learn to address holes in our program that we are not aware of and specify the type of combination activities most appropriate to support each learning outcome. The use of technology ensures learning tools are used to expand the scope of the delivery to meet needs of learners. b. Society of actuary and learning grant Learning grant is a 3 year project founded by the society of actuary used to put up resources outside the classroom and to develop technology enhanced learning tools to provide new ways for students to master classroom material. It enhances classroom learning and not distances learning. The project promotes the use of software (Excel and statistical package “R”) and case study of regression in order to promote active learning. c. Flipper classroom This is a new way of teaching which involves the use of screen casting and video podcasting. It’s an instruction strategy to help build increased interaction with students during face to face class time. The method promotes team and active learning since one has to attend the classroom and to ask a question at the end as a proof that he actually watched the video. Nonlinear Dynamics of International Monetary Policy Systems Monetary policy system is the action taken by the currency bodies to determine the size and the growth rates of money supply which in turn affects the interest rates. It is affected by changing the bank reserves and by increasing the interest rates when the rates are manipulated. It is used to control the economy as in the case of the USA since it can cause inflation if the money supply to the economy is very high(stthomas.edu). Also when the growth of the money supply is very slow then the economy also slows down. It also has effect on the exchange rates difference currency as in the dollar. For example when the demand of BMW cars increases then its demand in other countries and for this reason stimulus in one country equals to the stimulus in another country because the company will open another branch and employ more people. This can be well enlightened by the Hamada model which is used to define the effects of financial influence on a firm as quantified by the Hamada coefficient. Optimal capital structure The tax shield increases the value of the levered firm. Financial distress costs and agency costs lower the value of the levered firm. The two offsetting factors produce an optimal amount of debt. Reference Kling, C. (2004). Surface tension. New York: Ballantine Books. https://stream.stthomas.edu/view Read More