How the Internet and Culture Interact - Assignment Example

Portfolio Question and Answers s Assessment Portfolio questions: week 3 Discuss how the Internet and culture interact. Which most affects the other and how? Give some examples. Internet has now become an integral thing from the viewpoint of organizations and society and it is now emerged as a technology which is creating effectiveness for these aspects from different angles (BEREND AUTOR WIERENGA, 2000). There is a considerable difference found among internet and culture and the interaction of both of these aspects are not easy, as there are certain countries and environment and cultures wherein the utilization of internet is not easy because of the backward thinking of the people living in this region. The thing that affects the most to the people is culture not the internet (Chernev, 2012). If the culture and tradition of the country is effective and clear then the utilization of the same is also effective which will affect over the position of the people. Some of the examples are of African and European region countries in which the stance of utilization are totally change with each other. 2. Discuss the types of operational conflicts that could occur in an international context because of differences in attitudes towards time and individualism. Give examples relative to specific countries. Organization is a name wherein people belong to different demographics and mindset work together merely for the achievement of a single and pre-specified goal. There are some operational based conflicts which arise in an international context merely because of the difference in the attitudes towards the timings and individualism (David W. Cravens C. W., 2002). There is a considerable difference found among the people work in Asian region and in European regions, and conflicts certainly occurs during their working in an organization. The attitude towards timings and individualism as well are totally different with each other in almost every context and that is the main thing proper training is required for every individual who comes and join a new organization because of their unfamiliarity with rules and regulations of the chosen organization and it would be an effective choice for the sake of an organization in particular. 3. Identify three stereotypes that foreigners typically hold about Australians. Why do you think they might hold these stereotypes? Identify three cultural stereotypes that you hold (about foreign cultures). The level of thinking and perception of every individual is different from the other and they have the guts and abilities to use their thinking and perception for the sake of their country and entity as well. Stereotypes are a kind of error in terms of thinking and perception in which people have a different level of thinking against an individual or a specific community. There are number of stereotypes which foreigners usually hold about Australians and among them some of them are, Punctual, Rude and Egoists are some of them. The main reason behind holding and having these stereotypes is the attitudes and cultures which have been seen in the sports in which Australian players have rude behaviors with the other players playing in the other eleven. In terms of foreign cultures, the three stereotypes we have are trustworthy, loyal and dedicated (Damien McLoughlin, 2010). Assessment 1 - Portfolio questions: week 4 1. Discuss the role of social media in global business communication. Communication has now emerged as an integral and important aspect from the viewpoint of an organization and there are certain mediums which would have been taken into consideration by the entities in order to enhance the level of communication (Edd Applegate, 2007). Among these mediums, the name of Social media is one of them. Social Media is the most reliable and fastest medium of passing and conveying the information towards other individuals and it is known as the cheapest mode of communication even in the companies and that is the main reason why organizations of different countries are using social media networking for enhancing the business communication and increasing their net worth. Enhancing the communication is a major player from which satisfaction could be planted in the veins of the employees which is an effective sign for the companies in all over the world. 2. What is the relationship of language and culture? How is it that people from the same language may still miss-communicate? Language is an important aspect from the viewpoint of individuals as this is the main medium to communicate with each other. Yes! There is a relationship between language and culture but the proportion of the same is not high indeed as people of same language may also miss-communicate with each other. People having similar languages have the tendency to analyze and comply with the culture of a country but the relationship not always be strong as language is not the only thing which influence over the culture. People from the same language may still miss-communicate with each other because of their changing attitude of a single thing along with their capability to complete a task and obviously, language solely cannot overcome on all of these challenges, hence it is said that the people from the same language may still miss-communicate with each other (David W. Cravens W. J., 1999). 3. Give some examples of cultural differences in the interpretation of body language. What is the role of such nonverbal communication in business relationships? As discussed earlier that language and communication are some of the major aspects that deem extremely important and vital for the sake of an organization and both of these aspects would be extremely vital for enhancing the business relationships accordingly (Geoff Lancaster, Essentials of Marketing Management, 2010). Cultural Different also have a considerable difference among the interpretation of the body language in particular. Traditionally and culturally every person is different from the other and this different would be extremely different when person belongs to similar educational background interacts with each other (Geoff Lancaster, Essentials of Marketing Management, 2010). For example, an American individual may change the indication of hands and body language while delivering the things while it is totally different in terms of having an Asian expatriates. Non Verbal Communication could also be extremely worthwhile for the sake of an organization as far as enhancing their networks and relationships in particular. It may help the individuals to deliver the things which they are unable to communicate through languages and other mediums. Assessment 1 - Portfolio questions: week 5 1. Discuss the relative use of nonverbal behaviors, such as silent periods, interruptions, facial gazing, and touching by people from various cultural backgrounds.  Nonverbal communication is one of the most important types of communications use by the organizations of different parts of the world as far as enhancing their productivity is concerned. The relative use of nonverbal communication and behaviors could be extremely worthwhile as it may work like wonders for the companies as far as delivering the best is concerned (Geoff Lancaster, Essentials of Marketing Management, 2010). Nonverbal behaviors such as interruptions, facial fazing and touching of people are some of the major nonverbal forms of communication used by the employees with each other in order to communicate accordingly. Cultural different plays an important role too in deriving the usage of these nonverbal behaviors as people of countries like Africa have a firm touch with their employees, while people of Europe would like a soft and gentle touch with delivering their consequences easily. Hence, it could be said that nonverbal communication is also important for an organization and it uses to enhance the productivity (David W. Cravens W. J., 1999). 2. What are some of the differences in risk tolerance around the world? What is the role of risk propensity in the decision-making process? Risk is a thing which has its recognition in almost every walk of life, no matter it is associated with an organization or it associated with an individual; it remains like the same until and unless it is mitigated with the help of effective and well-organized strategies. The essence of risk tolerance is totally different in different parts of the world commiserates with the educational background of the individuals. Educated people, who know that risk is a bitter truth and they cannot ignore it have different mindset related to risk have a high risk tolerance level as compared to the people and individuals who don’t have such strong inclination towards the education (Helen Meek, 2012). Decision making is an important aspect from the viewpoint of an organization and risk is a major player used by the companies in terms of their decision making, as organizations would like to initiate those projects or invest in those projects which lower in risk and higher in return consequently (M. C. Cant, 2007). 3. Describe what you would expect in negotiations with Germans and how you would handle that situation. Germany is one of the most powerful countries of the world in terms of education and in terms of economy as well. It is known as the second largest economy of the European Union (EU) with stable prices of products and population. It is a stereotype perception that Germans have a strong and strict behavior (Edd Applegate, 2007). Their attitude towards achieving their goal is sound, straightforward and dedicated, hence negotiation with Germans is not an easy ask. However, Germans give chance to the people who would like to negotiate, as they would not comprise on quality and dedication, but if you are committed and confident then they can give you a chance to complete your job in a manner in which you want. Therefore, get result oriented is the only thing from which negotiation could have been initiate and perform with Germans and could handle the situation accordingly. Assessment 1 - Portfolio questions: week 6 1. Discuss the merits of the following entry strategies – exporting, turnkey projects and wholly-owned subsidiaries. Exporting is a business in which a company would export some of the products of their parent country in the other country. The main merit of this entry strategy is to get higher amount of foreign reserves against the business as exporting business is the main point of getting higher amount of foreign reserves for an economy (Kumar A. , 2009). Turnkey Project: It is a strategy in which a company would turn their operations on in a given region and the main advantage of the same is to expanding the operations (Chernev, 2012). Wholly owned Subsidiary or franchise is an important aspect from the viewpoint of an organization and it is used for enhancing the productivity of an entity accordingly 2. What opportunities and threats will likely emerge when a firm decides to move from purely domestic operations to global operations? Continuous change and development is an important aspect from the viewpoint of an organization and enhancing the domestic operations into global and international operations is a vital example related to the same. There are certain opportunities associated with a company which is strategizing to go global, like the international market is big in which people can have their products with different Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) and the company may also entitled to receive higher amount of foreign reserves. However, in terms of threats, international regulations may be ineffective for the companies which are willing to enter in a new region as the operational regulation of every country is different from the other (M. C. Cant, Marketing Management, 2007). 3. As the Korean population is increasingly able to afford high priced items like cars, this market represents a desirable growth opportunity for Japanese, German, and American car makers. However, the Korean automobile market is dominated by Korean car manufacturers (Hyundai, Ssanyong, and Daewoo). Oftentimes, such domination by a domestic manufacturer is blamed on trade barriers, but Korea’s tariffs are among the lowest in the world. Why then do most Koreans drive Korean-made cars? What entry strategy would be most appropriate for accessing this culturally-closed market? It is an effective sign for the consumers of a country to utilize the products of their domestic manufacturers because it is a symbol of pride and prestige for them (M. C. Cant, 2007). This particular aspect is quite similar in Korean region as well, in which Japanese, Germans and American car makers can enter in the market and flourish but the people of Korean are giving preference to their domestic manufacturers over these international subsidiaries. It is not like that people of Korean can’t afford high price cars, but they are utilizing them because they are getting the same quality in cars in lesser amount of money. The entry strategy in this market is quite difficult, and a company has to initiate a strategic alliance with the already exist companies in Korea and then make it market in the region with low prices. Assessment 1 - Portfolio questions: week 7 1. Why are there an increasing number of mergers with companies in different industries? Give some examples.  As mentioned earlier that high competition and influence of domestic manufacturers are the one which due to which new companies are unable to find their way to enter in a market, hence there is an increasing amount of mergers have been found in different industries. One of the major examples of having Cadbury and Kraft, in which Kraft and Cadbury merged with each other to enjoy the market share of both United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK) market 2. What are the common sources of incompatibility in cross-border alliances? What can be done in order to minimize them? Cross Border Alliances are some of the major aspects from the viewpoint of an organization and especially for those organizations which have a domestic existence in a country and wishes to enter in an international organization (John Mullins, 2012). The common source of incompatibility in term of cross border alliances are government subsidiaries and bidding from the existing companies like if the government influence is high then it may be inaccurate and ineffective for the companies to effectively merge with each other (John Mullins, 2012). The initiatives that could be taken by the companies to minimize them is to increase the interaction with the government and make them aware that proper compliance should be post. 3. How might the variable of national culture affect strategic implementation? Use the Mittal Steel example to highlight some of these factors. National culture has a dominating affect over the strategic implementation of a thing as it will increase the dominance of consuming a particular thing (John Mullins, 2012). We have the example of Mittal Steel with us in which the people of India would like to have the products of the domestic company; hence it is easy for Mittal Steel to enhance their strategic implementation accordingly and effectively. Apart from that Mittal Steel also has the idea of buying power of the individuals of India, which is why prices would be affordable. Assessment 1 - Portfolio questions: week 8 1. Explain the need for an MNC to “be global and act local.” How can a firm design its organization to enable this? Multinational Corporations (MNCs) are some of the major organizations which have their inclination and presence in different parts of the world (John Mullins, 2012). There is always a need of MNCs for an economy in particular and it is important for MNC to be global and act like local because having global expansion would increase the financial belongings of the company and being local would enable the organizations to act accordingly and effectively to increase their financial and economic belongings in particular. A firm can design its organization to enable this in a manner that the external and international expansion would become easier in particular. 2. As an international manager, what would make you suggest restructuring of your firm? What other means of direct and indirect monitoring systems could you suggest? As an international manager, the thing which I want to recommend for my company in terms of restructuring is the pricing structure as prices of similar products and similar companies could be a real challenge for the organizations striving hard for their international expansion. Having a pricing structure which is low would be highly effective and in demand for the analysis and expansion of the companies in particular (John Mullins, 2012). The monitoring stance should be extremely worthwhile and effective for the companies which are wishing to enhance their networks. The monitoring stance should be based upon online mediums such as teamviewer software and others. 3. What is a transnational organization? Because many large MNCs are moving toward this format, it is likely that you could at some point be working within this structure—how do you feel about that? Transitional organizations are those organizations in which special consideration would have been given to the employees of a company, like to enhance the level of satisfaction among them. In transitional organizations, management of the company supposes that employees would like to work without any coercive behavior. This particular format is now emerging like wonders in different parts of the world and lots of MNCs are moving towards the same stance. Operating with this structure certainly gives an edge to the companies. Assessment 1 - Portfolio questions: week 9 1. Why is the HRM role so much more complex, and important, in the international context? Organizations are made to earn economic profit and bring strategic change. All the organizations have the tendency to bring effective economic affection in their structure (BEREND AUTOR WIERENGA, 2000). There are some individuals that deem important for the sake of an organization and among them, the name of customers and employees are some of them (David W. Cravens W. J., 1999). Employees deem as the backbone of an organization and no organization can survive for a long in an industry without having effective employees under its ambit, and that is the main thing why organizations always try to become lenient on their employees merely to enhance their productivity accordingly (Geoff Lancaster, Essentials of Marketing Management, 2010). Human Resources (HR) department is known as one of the most important departments from the viewpoint of an organization, as the department associated specifically with the employee’s based issues and regulations (Helen Meek, 2012). Apart from the hiring and firing, HR department is also held responsible for managing the workforce in a manner from which they can increase their financial belongings in particular Human Resources Management (HRM) is an important context from the viewpoint of an organization and it is equally powerful and important for an organization which is in an international context, because organizations are relatively new in a country and that is why they would like to satisfy the needs of their every employee because they have an idea that managing workforce would be worthwhile for them (John Mullins, 2012). 2. Explain the common causes of expatriate failure.  Expatriates are the persons who will enter in a certain region to have some effectiveness in particular (Geoff Lancaster, Essentials of Marketing Management, 2010). They are very much effective for the sake of an organization as well as for an economy to have high amount of expatriates in order to increase their financial belongings. It has been consensus that many times expatriates fail in delivering their services accordingly and effectively at the same time and there are numerous reasons that come under the ambit of the same. There are number of causes due to which an expatriate fail in a given country and the most common example of the same is not to adopt their culture and tradition. It is a common psyche that organizations have to adopt the tradition and culture of a country in order to become economically prosper in that region and failing to adopt the same culture would fail the expatriates as far as achieving their goals are concerned. 3. Do you have what it takes to make a good expatriate? What are your strengths and what aspects need improvement? I have the tendency to adopt the culture of a country and in my view; it is the biggest strength which should be in an expatriate to become economically prosper and active in a given country. Apart from that, I am fonder of utilizing the government as far as increasing the equity preference is concerned (BEREND AUTOR WIERENGA, 2000). In need improvement in expatriation and with the help of effective and timely strategies, I can deliver the best things. I am certain that all of these actions would be extremely worthwhile for both my company and for the economy of the country as well, which will be effective for a long span of time in particular. Continuous improvement and ramifications are important for the organizations and I will bring all of these changes during my core operations in particular. We have to talk to the government of every country before delivering the right thing at the right time to them, otherwise it would become extremely difficult for us to retain in the industry for a long span of time in particular. Bibliography BEREND AUTOR WIERENGA, G.H.V.B. (2000) Marketing Management Support Systems: Principles, Tools, New York : American. Chernev, A. 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New York, NY: Springer. Zeuner, P. 2012. Advance technological management.. 1st ed. [S.l.]: Grin Verlag Read More