Decrease Hospital Employee Moral vs. Increase Number of Patient Day in the Hospital - Annotated Bibliography Example

Annotated Bibliography Insert Insert of Insert of Insert November 12, All hospitalsare fueled by the ultimate desire to excel. This implies devising and implementing performance management systems, which outdo those of the competition. However, very few hospitals have managed to be unique in this quest. Assessing a hospital’s performance management system will highlight the need for optimal internal evaluation and assessment systems. These are integral in ensuring high levels of employee and patient satisfaction and loyalty. The paper will examine existing motivating programs and the ensuing strengths and weaknesses. One of the strength of the motivating programs is that its’ automation makes it easier to identify individual merits and reward them accordingly. Compliments and other recognitions should be posted there to motivate them. Communication with employees from wherever they are makes them feel part of the company as they feel more appreciated and derive a sense of belongingness. This should continue being exploited at all times. Some weaknesses have also been noted in the discussion section. One of these entails shortcomings in communication. Employees should be made part of the decision-making team to ensure they feel obligated to work for a hospital. A hospital should also outsource some required services especially in recruitment programs to allow them cope with the challenges fostered by motivation programs. Annotated Bibliography Dyson, F. (2007) Many Colored Glass: Reflections on the Place of Life in the Universe . Freeman University of Virgina Press Abstract: Among the several factors that can be attributed to the degradation of the environment, global warming, or the gradual increase in the earth’s temperature is one of the single most important drivers of this change. Global warming is a phenomenon perpetrated by the increase in emission of greenhouse gases. These gases are most significantly released during the burning of fossil fuels, and human beings as a group are the greatest emitters of greenhouse gases. Summary – an organization will maintain the efforts of improving its eco-friendly in all the departments by allocating more resources toward improving the sustainability. Additionally, the organization will strive to explore better ways of working with the stakeholders. These efforts will include carrying out innovative ways of developing, designing, building and managing the departments and garbage of an organization. Strengths – article account illustrates how the management of hospital has to structure its Corporate Responsibility ideology into practice to improve sustainability. Weakness –The dwell more on green environment without considering impact on employees. Gomez-Mejia, Luis R.; David B. Balkin and Robert L. Cardy (2008). Management: People, Performance, Change, 3rd edition. New York, New York USA: McGraw-Hill. pp. 19. Abstract- Given that, there are changes to account for; administrations should see to it that they are prepared enough to handle issues of adjustment incapability among their workers during the process of transition. Considering a leeway of making mistakes is important to make sure that the workers are not that pressured. Yet it has focused in improving their performance for the sake of completing the needed requirement for their performance betterment. Transition periods usually pose some risks and administrators ought to prepare for these occurrences through creating alternative routes in case some of the newly trained workers incur particular mistakes during the process. Through effective project planning, such risks could be better controlled hence assuring the learning process of the new universal workers to take on better options of defining themselves and their competence at work. Summary- In this book, the authors affirms that do not to give attention employee motivation, which is ideal factor of identifying who among the current employees ought to be kept. Employee motivation entails the need for the administration to collect data regarding their employees, their record of competence in handling work responsibilities and client demands in the past and measuring that in par with their preparedness to change. Transition needs to go smoothly which calls for the need of the organization to make sure that if there is a need to retrench some of the workers, legal issues are settled, and benefits are to be given as part of the legal policies of employment Strengths- The book adequately addresses the issue of morale among employees of any organization thus; it will give us materials that can be used to write this literature review for the topic. Weakness- the hospital setting is not covered by this article. Graban, M. (2008). Lean Hospitals: Improving Quality, Patient Safety, and Employee Satisfaction . Productivity Press. Abstract- The health and social care services are apparently undertaking a course of profound change towards improving services for the welfare of the people. Accordingly, the role of respiratory care in delivering healthcare services has changed greatly over the last decade. Increasingly, this field of medical science is taking on roles, which are not traditionally associated with the fundamental respiratory tasks. Indeed, the detail on how role extension in respiratory therapy is progressing has been documented by a number of studies and it is clear how this trend will continue to progress Summary- Technology drives innovation, innovation entails changes, and changes need more budget to finance the necessary tools—equipment and training and development in the case of respiratory therapy department—required for increasing the quality of care the department provides. If we are to keep up with the different technological advances, it is also imperative that we equip the department’s respiratory therapy providers the knowledge and skills that they are going to need in order to easily adapt to changes. Change requires new skills and attitudes and thus organizations that do not invest in training and development cannot hope to benefit from change – indeed, they may well not survive change. Strengths-the article will provide materials, which will cover employee morale when using technology. It is relevant because it shows the importance of technology in an organization like hospital. Weakness – here it discuss issues related to quality improvement services but it fails to show how employee’s morale will be affected by quality improvement in an organization. Jensen, D., McMullen, T., & Stark, M. (2007) the managers’ guide to rewards: What you need to know to get the best for--and from--your employees. New York: USA AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Abstract- Different firms use different techniques to involve their employees. This may either be direct or indirect. In big corporations, employers may include the use of suggestion boxes or surveys to get feedback from the employee. Some companies also use quality circles where some or all the employees of an organization hold sessions in particular departments that they are responsible of to try and see if there is something that can be improved or done differently to give maximum results. Summary –The authors argue that to ensure employee involvement, management needs to ensure that there is clear role demarcation within the workplace. Employees should also know the exact corporate objectives and their role in the attainment of these objectives. Similarly, employees must know the benefits of attaining these objectives both to them and to the corporation. This assures them that they are part and parcel of the company and highlights their role in the future of the company as integral. Strengths –more materials which shows the importance of rewards in boosting morale among employees. It explains the benefit of rewards and empowerment. Weakness- the book has materials which covers sections that I have not handled in class. Kates, RW, Parris, TM, & Leiserowitz, AA 2005, ‘What is sustainable development? Goals, indicators, values, and practice’, Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 8-21. Abstract -Sustainability has been the mantra of most organization in their efforts to address climate change. This ensures that an organization meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Summary - there is the aspect of adjustment of the employees and a section of the entire human resource department. This is through new training, employee development, and job reduction. The training of usage of materials that are environmentally friendly and technologically oriented must take place. The immediate implication is that there is an expected short-term fall in productivity at that time when the business is adopting the lower cost and the staff and employees are expected to be affected too. However, in the long run, the return and profit will grow because of the reduced maintenance costs that are associated with the practice. Hence, it means more opportunities to make more financial gain. This has resulted in a cleaner environment and a lesser polluted skies and a more rewarding monetary return. Strength- article is good as it covers organization sustainability as a way of improving employee morale. Weakness- it deals with general organization rather hospital environment. Lazzara, P., Santos, A., Hellstedt, L., & Walter, R. (2010). The Evolution of a Centralized Telemetry Program. Nursing Management:, 41(11), 51–54. Abstract- The research compiled and the observations made are concise yet sufficiently pertinent to the topic at hand. The authors provide a background of the situation before and after the implementation of remote centralized telemetry monitoring units, which brings the reader to understand not only what it took to implement the change, but also how this change affected the hospital and its staff. Thus, it can be said that the article is, regardless of its brief length, comprehensive in its scope of included information. Furthermore, the fact that it is a recent publication, which is important in the changing world of medicine, makes it also a very reliable source of information. Summary In this article, the authors outline the procedure through which a hospital, specifically one in Chicago Illinois, moved from a decentralized telemetry monitoring system to a centralized model. In doing this, the authors provide a background and overview of the benefits of a centralized system. Among the most important benefits noted is the fact that in a centralized system, personnel who are not necessarily involved in-patient care can monitor patients from a remote location. The authors highlight also how the growth in demand for inpatient beds and telemetry services is likely to push more hospitals towards adopting remote centralized monitoring models. Given this possibility, the article seeks to provide an exemplary model of the elements that comprise such a transition, including for example how to educate the nursing staff in tasks such as recognizing basic arrhythmias and their management, telemetry policies, and telemetry equipment. Strengths- the article concentrates mostly on the implementation of change in a hospital setting which is relevant to this case. Weakness-the book talks about telemetry which I have not covered in my studies. Shi, L. and Singh, D.A. (2008). Delivering health care in America: a systems approach. New York: Jones & Bartlett Learning Abstract- increases in the prices of health care goods and services, and the availability of ever new, often high-cost medical products and treatments as the main driver in the high cost of health care. The key to reducing healthcare would be to limit expensive drugs and treatments with marginal benefits. Another argument is that healthcare costs are increasing mainly because prices are now fixed by the private healthcare industry with the support of the government. Summary- the book deals suggests that to solve the problem of increasing healthcare costs, rationing is suggested. Rationing refers to the process in which medical care is subject to limitations due to shortage of money and applied in a just, nondiscriminatory fashion. However, there is a debate regarding the issue of discrimination. Some people feel that the elderly are discriminated against when there are limits on the medical care that is accessible to them. Rationing is presently happening at the state and local levels and may soon evolve into federal programs. To halt the rise in medical expenditures a logical measure has been to identify a group that receives disproportionate amount of funds for healthcare – a group that is increasing in size and demanding more healthcare costs, a group that does not provide maximum value for the dollar spent. Many people consider the American elderly to be such a group. Strengths- it shows how healthy care organization are managed in the US. It will provide relevant materials for the case study. Weakness- the book has a wide array materials relating to the effects of the government on health care most of it which are irrelevant to case study. Telemetry Monitoring Issues VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System Denver, Colorado. (2010). Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Inspector General. Retrieved November 06, 2011, from Abstract -The findings of the report are based on an extensive review of the medical findings surrounding the patients deaths. In addition, the reports conclusions are based on first-hand accumulated evidence about the nurses skills in telemetry and central monitoring use. The evidence-based nature of the report, its recent date, and the credibility of the inspecting team makes it a very suitable and academically verified article to use. Summary- In this report, the author provides an extensive review regarding the existing problems of inadequate telemetry heart monitoring practices that exist at the VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System in Denver, Colorado. The report is written as a comprehensive investigation into complaints made about nurses incapacity and lack of skills in using central monitoring and telemetry equipment. This is said to be connected to the deaths of two patients. Strengths- The article has the right material for the case study that covers telemetry hospital in Colorado. It is useful as it shows on how employees are motivated in an organization. Weakness-The fact that it is mainly written to investigate nurses inadequate skills regarding the use of telemetry and central monitoring limits the article’s applicability in shedding light on suitable solutions to the problem. This is important as it shows how the morale of the staff is affected in the hospital setting. Thomas, K. (2009). Intrinsic motivation at work: What really drives employee engagement? San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Abstract- Employee motivation is a major concern to managers and supervisors in their effort to: retain employees, grow organizations, and maximize profits. Due to an overall increase in competition, there has been increasing need to focus on existing corporate resources and boost innovation among staff. Various challenges exist in this objective, especially when employers are obliged to: trust, give responsibilities to employees, and increase their autonomy. Most managers therefore prefer working in small firms where they can directly monitor the output of each employee. Motivation of employees is important whether a business is small or large as it helps avoid low productivity and ensures competitive advantage. Several motivation methods have been suggested, with scholars recommending a blend of different methods to cater for the unique needs of each employee. The most effective methods include employee involvement, employee empowerment, and the use of rewards. Summary- the book deals with motivation and shows that the same motivators cannot motivate different people. It is also largely misguiding to assume that what motivates superiors is what motivates their employees. It is therefore imperative for management to learn the unique needs of employees and assess their: entry behavior, objectives, skills, personal and professional ambitions, and level of knowledge. This ensures that the corporation implements the best motivational strategy for the entire workforce. Generally, offering a myriad of rewards, empowerment of employees and ensuring their involvement is the key to optimal organizational achievement Strengths- the book is good for motivation and shows how employees can be motivated. Weakness- the topic of motivation in this book covers a wide range of topics in relation to motivation, this is why the book is not likely be used widely in this case study. Young, K. and Harry S.(2010). Health Care USA: Understanding Its Organization and Delivery. Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Abstract - medical practitioners have crucial role in delivering quality healthcare to people. In relating to the concept of functionalism theory, practitioners acknowledged their responsibilities and obligations in performing their functions. Indeed, individuals who are working in healthcare institutions recognize considerable interdependence in rapidly changing environment in the field. From the start of their careers, they understand their duty to deliver high quality and safe healthcare to society. Along with these duties, they acknowledge the need of having effective collaboration and teamwork to optimize quality results. Furthermore, they are acknowledging that as medical practitioners it is important to have coordination with other participants in the process of healthcare such as the families, nurses, patients, physicians, medical staff, and allied health professionals. Summary- Healthcare institutions and its practitioners are acknowledging conflict theory by establishing professional code of conduct. They believed that conflicts within the institutions could occur anytime especially in the implementation of new rules. Through professional code of conduct, each staff will behave in conformity with the standards set by the institution. Like in hospitals and clinics, the participation of all staffs and members are important in implementing policies and bylaws. In the process, they are implementing some rules that will punish those who will misbehave and go against the rules. Indeed, this action is demonstrated in disciplinary structure. Everyone in the institution needs to understand that there are unacceptable behaviors and they cannot just react badly. Healthcare practitioners understand that conflict may arise in their performances and it is necessary for them to set some preventive measures. Meanwhile, others believe that there are several reasons why conflicts emerged such as the absence of proper communication, unfair treatment and criticisms, preferential treatment, inequality, unreasonable expectations and abuse. Strengths- the book deals with deals with delivery of services to patients. The relevance of this material is that it shows how the staff delivers the services to the people US. Delivery of services affects the morale of the staff. Weakness- it has a short title on morale improvement. Read More