Negotiation Contract - The Main Aspects of Japans Culture - Essay Example

NEGOATIATION CONTRACT In most cases, before any business reach into an agreement what is always required is negotiation. Negotiation can be done between people, parties and companies with an aim to improve the nature of their business level. The process requires arguments that give adequate details of the contract. Before starting contract with anyone or with another country, there should be well design strategies that lead to success. The main aspects of the countries’ culture (JAPAN) According to Mesa (2014), about the cultural approach to the management of human resources and the analysis of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions in Japan, states that culture of a given community affects and control all aspects of life by influencing values, behavior and attitudes of a society. However, the nature of organizational cultures is highly inclined by the cultural alignments of the people developing it (Mesa 2014). According to Hofstede, culture is ideals, values and assumption of someone personality to individuality. Culture is always seen as a source of conflict than interaction in Hofstede. In most cases, conflict arises when people from different cultures and origin interact with each other. Such conflicts resulting from culture division may primarily cause an extent of the success or failure of the international business amongst them (Mesa 2014). Culture in most cases acts as the fundamental in management of the modern global workforce dynamics. Hofstede have divided culture in two main groups including the organizational and national cultures. These two cultures had a powerful influence in the organization and the entire different aspects of international labor force management. Hofstede has various cultural dimensions that require one to get well conversant with their cultures (Fang 2003, P. 350). These cultures need to be understood by every individual in workplaces around the world. In order to build a strong connection with others is just through motivating, structuring reasonable projects and developing strategies with a focus. Any country in need of negotiating a contract according to Hofstede requires understanding about the nature of culture (Venaik et al. 2013, P.363).Five dimensions of culture in negating contract in Japan by Hofstede include power and distance (PD) that always explains the extent at which inequality exists (Fang 2003, P. 350). The inequality can be accepted among the people with and to the lacking power people. High power distance marks shows if the society allows uneven circulation of authority. High PD is characterized by centralized companies, stable orders and huge compensation gaps to the authority. These characteristics acknowledge leaders in power (Venaik et al. 2013, P. 363). Power distances assert that, there are different societies in the world but these societies are not equal in power. It is true that some communities are more powerful than others. On the other hand, for appropriate contract negotiation with other different nation, one needs to respect other people cultures. The dimension of individual verses collectivism (IDV) tries to explain extend at which an individual is incorporated into a certain group. The aspect seeks to explain how people should protect the interest of their members who have a common goal and playing significant roles within the society (Venaik et al. 2013. P. 363).High individualism indicates low link and little sharing of concern even past family members. Societies experiencing a low rate of individualism have a strong connection, loyalty and respect beyond them. In such societies however, experiences large population since all care for the well-being of others. With the connection to this, countries with low IDV always experience marketing benefits to the community. Japanese treat people with respect to group one belongs. Their policy is to live in harmony with others to have control in life. Relationship in japan is more important compared to the rules. This mainly Japan is achieved by helping others. Negotiation framework is done after analyzing the cross cultural elements between the two parties involved (Gooden1998, P. 503). The two countries seeking to negotiate a contract always build first relationship between them. Relationship builds trust and friendship among their members making them to discuss as friends their major objectives in detail (Punturaumporn, 2001). Organization and country willing to do a partnership with the other must set their values. Negotiation contract with japan automatically suggests that, it can be more successful than other countries since they value their partnership members. The assumption made from the contract between any countries making negotiation contract with japan is, there will be strong business regime between the two (Kirkman 2006, P. 310). Japanese have a strong partnership and they don’t allow others to suffer when they are able to able. Strong unity in japan has allowed them to develop in technology creating more chances of job opportunities and contract with other nations to create market availability. Japan has uses non task sounding technique in negotiating a contract with other countries. This technique main aim is to learn about other people background and interest for them to create trust by learning ways of communication during the stage of negotiation. The process creates friendly relationship before and after taking business. On the other hand, Japan is not always after making profits from their partners simply because they believe that they are of the same family therefore, there is no reason to bargain in order to get good deal. The source of information that shapes the assumption according to Hofstede includes the Japanese Negotiation process where the top level members involved in the negotiation with Japan are welcomed and there is a ceremony done. The talk here is all about the sincerity, reliability, integrity and humility of the intended country willing to be in negotiation of a contract with them. Their culture also allows giving of gifts on the first meeting where negotiators will involve in talks concerning hobbies, families and the common interest. According to Harvey, different communities in the entire world have different cultures (Gulbro 1995, P. 23). However, as we compare culture difference between U.S.A and japan, we come up with the following differences. In Japan, there is a strict age order where one is expected to speak with people older than him using keigo which is a formal form of speech (Harvey 1997, P.136). One can just speak to an older person the way he wants only if that older person allows. However, in America one can just speak casually. There is no age hierarchy in U.S.A. anyone can just call an older person than him with his first name unlike in Japan (Harvey 1997, P.138). In America, they mainly focus on individual unlike in japan where they give concern to a group with objectives to achieve certain goals (Gooden 1998, P. 503). On the other hand, Japanese consideration to their members they are with together for a certain purpose is extremely high compare d to the Americans. Similarly, the tendency of removing shoes while entering the house though not to all because they consider it dirty wearing shoes at home. This is totally not happening in America (Wilks 2007). Cultural values are ideas about what is necessary or not necessary within a certain community. These values of culture that can be brought effectively in a business transaction includes; commitment to business (Gooden 1998, P. 503). Transaction involves negotiation between two parties with an aim of doing transaction. Both two parties need to be committed in their objective (Adair 2005, P. 24). Before starting negotiation, there is a need to check on the business structure, competition, liability rate and environment factors. However, in every transaction unit, there must be honesty. The two parties involved in the transaction need to be loyal to each other (Page 2003). Adapting to transaction contract needs adequate agreement that is friendly between the involved parties. All the activities that can lead to poor follow-up of the agreement formed during negotiation of the contract should be left behind. Trusted people should rather be included to achieve the best in the transaction process (Page 2003). However, while carrying out negotiation contract, there is a need to talk about what type of product the two countries are willing to negotiate of. While negotiating a negotiation contracts between two countries such U.S.A and Japan, the two countries should know each other culture in details to avoid some future complications about disagreements. The two countries should also benefit from one another through the exchange of products. According to Dizikes (2012), on approaches of negotiation, asserts that negotiation is not all about being tough or smart in negotiating table but to think about everyone strategic interest. People involved in the negotiation should be aware of other people interest and goals. The representative attending negotiation process should have some well design need, goals and objectives of the party being represented (Dizikes 2012). All these needs should be fought for during the negotiation process. The U.S country while trying to negotiate about Toyota vehicles with japan, there should be an agreement concerning the contract. Japan on the other hand needs to give adequate detail on how precious their products are valuable. The valuable nature of the products is what creates market availability. The quality of the Toyota brands to the U.S country will make them trade more and more with Japan. Since negotiation is all about trade, Japan on the other side will have to ensure that they receive some products from U.S. U.S on the other side need to talk about their products that they may wish to have with Japan. There can be also sharing of ideas about production. Different factors of negotiation in a business transaction help one to know what not to do when it comes to a negotiation process. During the negotiation, one needs to check on power. Arguments always rise during the negotiation process and things may go worse (Dizikes, 2012). During this time, there may be no good result so one needs to take a short break and come back when everyone has cooled down. All parties must reach into a successful agreement during the negotiation. Succession has to be achieved by keen listening of other parties ideas. One should never agree to frequent changes and last minute amendments. By following carefully to these factor discussed, every business will have to achieve best while negotiating a contract with other business organization or even other country. Bibliography Adair, Wl And Brett, Jm 2005,The Negotiation Dance: Time, Culture, And Behavioral Sequences In Negotiation.Organization Science, 16(1), Pp. 33-51. Mesa, C 2014,Contract Negotiation Solutions, Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Dizikes, C 2012, Sep 12. Low-Key Board President Steps Into Hot Seat. 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