Introduction to Economic Growth - Essay Example

It is also the growth of potential output as caused by the increase in output observed or aggregate demand (Jones, 2002). Economic growth is normally measured in percentage, based on the increase in real GDP (Gross Domestic Product).

There are several measures used to estimate economic growth including an increase in real per capita income, a rise in living standards, and an increase in real Gross National Product (GNP) or GDP. Each of these measures has its share of advantages and disadvantages. Every government strives to see that its jurisdiction records positive economic growth with as high a magnitude as possible. For every economy, growth is important as it is associated with several benefits. Some of the benefits associated with economic growth include higher living standards, higher employment, higher fiscal dividend, business confidence and growth, and accelerated investment according to Jones (2002).

Economists believe that two key factors drive economic growth; the level of technology and the amount of capital per hour worked (Jones, 2002). This being the case, there are a number of measures that can be effected to boost economic growth. Some of these include investing more in capital goods, creating employment, using technology to increase production capacity, improving education, increasing saving, and limiting consumer spending. Different economies have different growth rates due to a variety of factors as stated by Jones (2002).

World Bank statistics (the year 2011) indicate that the United States of America has an economic growth rate of 1.7% (World Bank, 2012). The United Kingdom which is also a major player in the global scene has a lower economic growth rate, placed at 0.7%. One of the countries with a high economic growth rate in Argentina, at 8.9%. Other economies with impressive growth rates include Timor-Leste (10.6%), Turkmenistan (9.9%), China (9.3%), Mongolia (17.3%), and Qatar 18.8% (World Bank, 2012). From the statistics provided above, it is clear that Qatar has the most impressive record of economic growth currently.

Some of the countries with the lowest economic growth rates include Croatia (0.0%), Ireland (-0.7%), Cote d'Ivoire (-4.7%), Sudan (-4.9%), Greece (-6.9%), and Yemen (-10.5%) according to World Bank statistics (World Bank, 2012). The negative sign, in this case, denotes negative economic growth. Across the world, Yemen has the poorest economic growth record. In conclusion, every country strives to achieve strong economic growth. Economic growth comes with numerous benefits including higher living standards, high employment, and higher confidence in business.