Labor Economics-College Students' Effort/Leisure - Essay Example

Such declines cannot be entirely attributed entirely to changes in the composition of students or school. Study time for students from all demographic groups ,within race, gender, family background, ability as well as majors and those who worked in college and those who did not. And the decline was a characteristic of four year colleges of all types, degree structure, size and level of selectivity. A ‘year’ of college is the nominal measure of time. II) Recent Research Recent research has shown that both parent and student responses to subsidiaries in tuition have a great impact on student efforts.

A subsidization in tuition fees results in an increase in enrollment rates. However, this has a negative effect on student effort. The reduction in student effort due to increased enrollment rates can be explained by an influx of less motivated and less able students. Additionally, all students, inclusive of those that are highly able and motivated, respond to low tuition payments by decreasing the effort levels in their studies. According to Sahin (2004), low tuition policies and high subsidies have deterrent effects on students’ efforts and study time, which ultimately has adverse effects on accumulation of human capital. III) Subsidies Subsidies in higher education seek to increase college enrollment by reducing the costs of tuition.

In fact, these education subsidiaries have made college education more accessible by increasing the ability to pay for college. However, education subsidies are not just an answered prayer to all. According to Sahin (2004), these subsidies greatly affect academic effort choices made by the students. Despite the fact that it makes it much easier for parents to afford college fees, there is a high likelihood that education expectation from both the parent and the student is not as high. This is due to the fact that by making education more accessible does not necessarily mean that the students would be motivated to learn or to increase their efforts. IV) Problems Problems arise when a nominal measure is treated as real like underestimating the rate of return to postsecondary education.

According to Babcock (2011), the decline in academic time use in relation to increased school hours results in increased leisure that has massive economic effects. If students’ effort is an input to the education production process it could only mean that there is a decline in human capital production. This has adverse effects that the educators are seeking ways to impart more human capital. V) Scholars’ Opinion Scholars have expressed concern about decreased of student engagement. A research by Kuh (1999) found that time spent on school work by college students declined between 1980s and mid-1990s.

In economics the relationship between educational outcomes and perhaps the most basic input in the education production process; students study time and effort have remained non-existent. They have found that students’ efforts are largely associated with the students GPA. VI) Previous Studies A study carried out by Taylor and Ntoumanis et al (2010) found that physical activity had a lot of influence on student efforts and performance. The study found that students that took part in physical education had a lot to show in terms of their educational effort and ultimately better grades.