Stages in the Evolution of Infrastructure and Database Server - Assignment Example

 (1) Describe three to four stages in the evolution of infrastructure. There are main five stages in the evolution of IT Infrastructure. Every stage describes a unique configuration system of computing-power and the elements of infrastructure. These five stages in evolution include; “general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer computing”, “personal computers”, “client/ server networks”, “enterprise/ Internet computing”, and “cloud computing” (Akomolafe. p. 164). 1. The Era of General-Purpose Mainframe and Minicomputer (1959 to Present) Firstly, IBM 1401 and 7090 transistorised machines were introduced in the markets in 1959 for the commercial-use of the mainstream computers. In 1965, a series of IBM 360 series was brought up in the markets of mainframe computers. This series was having the qualities of time sharing provision, multitasking, and the virtual memory with advanced tools to use. These are still popular with unique qualities and models [ CITATION Can14 \l 1033 ]. 2. The Era of Personal Computer (1981 to Present) The real invention of personal computers was introduced in 1970s (such as, the Xerox Alto, MITS’ Altai, Apple 1 and 2, etc) with limited accessories for the users. The real stage of Personal Computers introduction was in 1981 by IBM PC in United States. These computers got popularity because of having DOS operating system, text based command language, and then Microsoft Windows etc. these computers also became the source of network usage all over the world [ CITATION Can14 \l 1033 ].. 3. The Era of Client Server (1983 to Present) This is a real revolutionary stage of Client Servers’ invention by introducing laptop and desktop computers to link with powerful networks with a numerous varieties and capabilities of services. This stage was the start of hardware and software revolution in the field of information technology [ CITATION Can14 \l 1033 ]. (2)What is the significance to knowledge worker information systems infrastructure? Please have some examples There are different types of exchanges of knowledge worker information system by having different characteristics [ CITATION Ari08 \l 1033 ], such as The concerned persons of any organisation are fully aware of the intended-recipients for informational pieces. Advanced and sufficient applications of the information sources are developed into significant parts. Mostly the information exchanges are very interactive in terms of nature. Example 1: A few researchers, such as Alvai and Leidner proposed knowledge management system by consisting on four categories for process, i.e. creation of knowledge, sharing of knowledge, transfer of knowledge, and application of knowledge. These categories help the organisations to run effectively [ CITATION Ari08 \l 1033 ]. Example 2: For the support of knowledge worker information, the computer should be manipulated automatically to manage the content. Because the computers can resize the video and audio contents and can be stored for a long time very safely [ CITATION Ari08 \l 1033 ]. Dq5.2 (1)What is a database server? A data base server is actually a computer-program, which is used for the provision of database services for the other concerned computer programs or other computers by the defined client server model. The term “database” is used to run the computer program very efficiently. (2)What is the server's role in an infrastructure for knowledge worker information systems? The role of server can in an infrastructure for knowledge worker information systems can be described as [ CITATION Jea09 \l 1033 ]: It plays an efficient role in the infrastructure of firm’s information technology system in terms of hardware and software equipments of the computer. In banks, the role data saving and data management system is very important to keep the information confidentially. The tools of hardware and software help the knowledge worker information system to support the management of the database to perform efficiently by the employees of the whole knowledge workers of the organisations. These knowledge worker information systems include IT specialists and data management specialists in the banks. Computer literate people should also be expert to maintaining the information systems to become a successful knowledge worker. It helps to work efficiently by saving time to consume on other activities. (3) Consider some new approaches to data provisioning. Please have some examples Mostly, the information systems are prepared to manage the data accession and process system through different systems; such as identifications of each and every user, controlling the users’ concerned programs, keeping record of the users. There are some more approaches for data provisioning rather than typically information system. The description and examples are such as [ CITATION Hit14 \l 1033 ]; User Identification Approach: usage of log-in Ids’, the code number of employees etc. User Authentication Approach: it is implemented specifically with the use of security tokens, passwords, biometric way of identification, response/ challenging data, combination of different factors of security etc. Authorization of Users Approach: it includes the lists of access control of users, memberships of groups or individuals, roles of different applications, etc. Audit Control Approach: it includes the system of data access for controlling the users’ record. Dq5.3 (1)what do you consider to be the main infrastructure component in your organization's knowledge worker information system? The complexities are increasing day by day in the organizations, to tackle with the complexities the need of a developed information system increases for better output and for an effective communication. The area of knowledge worker system includes a place where people work or live and they need a proper infrastructure to support them. For the organisations, the knowledge worker information system include manufacturing plants, commercial areas etc. For the information system manipulation, information technology is required for the data search to sustain the remaining system. For example Google search engine [ CITATION Boe14 \l 1033 ]. It is said that the modern organisations heavily need modern information infrastructure system, which include these specific components: Hardware technology Software technology Effective collaboration and communication system Knowledge and data based system Facilities Human resources Services sector Above mentioned components play an important role to run the economy successfully [ CITATION Boe14 \l 1033 ] (2)Why? There are main two categories, which are used by knowledge workers; Communication Devices, for example cell phones Wireless Devices, such as internal networks of organizations Main components of information system are very useful for worker knowledge systems in the organisations. It increases the mobility of sources very efficiently. For example, e-mail service has brought major changes of efficient communication between the business persons and clients very quickly. Only a few minutes typing of e-mail enables the people to exchange their information for the required tasks in the organisations. It proves that information technology has brought miraculous changes for the business communities and for the general public [ CITATION Boe14 \l 1033 ]. (3)Include its role in value creation for the organization. The organisations use different strategies to develop their businesses by implementing a series of value creation activities, which is called Value Chain in business terms. There are many types of technologies to run an organisation as a value creation [ CITATION Net10 \l 1033 ], such as Inbound logistic technologies (transportation, handling the materials, storage of materials, effective communications, testing services, information systems) Operational technologies (processing, material selection, tools of machines, packaging system, maintenance of the equipments, testing the materials, operations and designing of the buildings, information systems) Outbound logistic technologies (effectiveness in communication system, handling the materials, packaging, efficient information systems) Services of Technologies (Testing the materials, effective communication, information systems) Above mentioned technologies are mostly used for the value chain processes. Such as, the information systems are the part of every technology in value creation. (4) Did the value creation consideration change your priority? Please have some examples Yes the value creation considerations are very important to impact on our priorities to work efficiently. The value creation has tangible relationship to offer direct facilities provisions in the business activates. Example 1 If there is situation of choosing raw material for any multiple type of business, then the purchasing of some products will be shared in different units of businesses. It reduces the costs of purchasing. This type of division is called interrelationship of for the value chain activities. Example 2 There is another example of value creation in auto manufacturing company by minimizing the costs of purchasing to the suppliers. Transformational costs can be reduced by facilitating the business activities. For reducing the transportation costs, there is the need of reducing the role/ part of inventories. In simple words the efficient planning, development and sustainable business require the value creation techniques to reduce the costs of production for increasing the revenues. Boeing. (2014). Managing the Information Systems Infrastructure. Retrieved from http://www.prenhall.com/ Damascene, J. (2009). Managing information system for a better banking services. Retrieved from http://www.memoireonline.com/ Laha, A. (2008). A theoretical foundation for building Knowledge-work Support Systems. Retrieved from http://arxiv.org NetMBA. (2010). The Value Chain. Retrieved from http://www.netmba.com Akomolafe, T., Onyekwelu, B. A., & Bello, O. (2012). Prescriptive System for Performance Information Management System. Frontiers in Science, 2(6), 181-186. Systems, H. I. (2014). A Practical Approach to Enterprise User Provisioning. Retrieved from http://hitachi-id.com/ Study, C. C. (2014). Information Technology Infrastructure. Retrieved from http://www.pearsoned.ca Read More