Systems Media Table: Comparison - Assignment Example

Systems Media Table: Comparison System Purposes Examples Uses Word processor A word processor’s function is the creation, editing, revision, and printing of documents (such as letters, memos, and reports) by electronically processing your text data (words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs). The examples of word processor are the top word processing packages like Microsoft Word, Lotus WordPro, and Corel Word Perfect can provide a wide variety of attractively printed documents with their desktop publishing capabilities. Word processing are used in the identification of correct grammar and punctuation errors, as well as suggests possible improvements in the writing style, with grammar and style checker functions. Hierarchical database Hierarchical database is a form of database management system which arranges data or information in a treelike structure. Within each record is subdivided into segments that are connected to each other. An example that uses hierarchical database system is the ImageNet. ImageNet is a largescale ontology of images built upon the backbone of the WordNet structure. The ImageNet organizes the different classes of images in a densely populated semantic hierarchy. A hierarchical system provides facilities for inserting, modifying, deleting and retrieving record occurrences. Flat database A flat file database is a database that stores data in a plain text file. Each line of the text file holds one record, with fields separated by delimiters, such as commas or tabs. While it uses a simple structure, a flat file database cannot contain multiple tables like a relational database can. The original Macintosh computer used this kind of file system, creatively called the Macintosh File System (MFS). The Macintosh was the first personal computer to use a graphical user interface (GUI), which allowed the user to interact with the operating system by using a mouse to click and drag objects. Flat file is also a type of computer file system that stores all data in a single directory. There are no folders or paths used organize the data. While this is a simple way to store files, a flat file system becomes increasingly inefficient as more data is added. Object-oriented database Object Oriented Database is a way of dealing with to data management that stores both data and the procedures acting on the data as objects that can be automatically find, get back data or information that has been stored and is shared. Computer-aided Software Engineering is an example that uses Object Oriented database. CASE is the scientific application of a set of tools and methods to a software system which is meant to result in high-quality, defect-free, and maintainable software products. The uses of Object Oriented Database system stores and manages objects that are generated in C++ or Smalltalk programs. It is also used to integrate the complex data modeling and software engineering principles of recent programming language designs with the persistence, coordination, and protection characteristics supported by database technology. Stand alone information system Stand alone information systems’ function do not share data or information with any other computer system. The computer units are not usually connected to another network of computers. The example of this system is personal computer which is located in one department. If the schedule for an employee is changed on this system, that change will not occur in any other institutional system. The personnel and payroll systems would still show the original schedule. Stand alone information system is used to make appointments in a private office to fully many different parts that are closely connected and work successfully together computer based-patient records maintained by a large integrated health delivery system. Hospital information system Hospital information systems may contribute in different ways to quality assurance activities such as assessing the quality of primary care, monitoring quality indicators, supporting clinical care evaluation studies, and auditing concurrently the ongoing process of care using reminders or decision support techniques. The TAD method is one example of hospital information system. The TAD method is capable of developing such an information system without any problem. Furthermore, the method minimizes the time needed to do this in such a way that the process is completely visible to the analyst. The uses include collecting patient assessment and health status data, developing care plans, managing the order entry process, keeping medication administration records, developing work lists and producing reports such as patient problem lists. Specialty information system Specialty information system is likely to do something or on a particular potential. The function of the system is for the content to be restricted and come up with a particular subject. An example of this is the specialty pharmacies which are uniquely designed to dispense and monitor complex high-intensity drug therapies. Because of the complexity of the medical conditions and the medications being used, many drug manufacturers will distribute their products only to specialty pharmacies, which employ specially trained pharmacists and nurses. The system helps in determining the protocol for a patient, speeding the treatment process and helps in understanding best practices to build in right up front. Administrative information system Administrative information system deals with the day to day operation of a hospital which includes the classification system, quality assurance system, and staffing system. The purpose is to support the management functions and general operations of the health care organizations. An example of administrative information system is the Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture or VistA, which is an integrated system of software applications that directly supports patient care at Veterans Health Administration (VHA) healthcare facilities. This system can be used to determine the patient admission, discharge, transfer registration, scheduling, patient billing or accounts receivable, and utilization management. Operations support systems Operations Support System is to efficiently process business transactions. Control industrial processes, support enterprise communications and collaboration and update corporate databases. An example of it is the HP Next Generation Operations Support System (NGOSS) Solutions. HP has a process-driven approach with a lifecycle perspective to deal successfully in the development and deployment of new and engaging rich multimedia services that complement today’s more dynamic lifestyles. The uses of Operation Support System records and processes data resulting from business transactions. It can make routine decisions that control operational processes. Documentation system Documentation System can be connected to automated monitoring device using an interface which resulted in capturing necessary or essential signs and other data directly into the hospital record. Intranet documentation system with TYPO3 is an example of it that has the also has features to enable business management system information to be available to all staff, but strictly controlled so that unauthorized changes simply cannot be made. The main and most important uses for documentation systems include the development of plans of care, the documentation of patient data or information, access or to get or add hospital information. Electronic medical record This environment supports the patient s electronic medical record across inpatient and outpatient environments, and is used by healthcare practitioners to document, monitor, and manage health care delivery within a care delivery organization. MediTouch is an example. It is a mobile that just simply use of the fingertips to record data on a touch screen computer. It is easier and faster than using a stylus pen, keyboard/mouse, or a traditional paper chart. It is to increase patient care. It is used in clarifying information, encouraging questions, and ensuring completeness at the end of a visit Spreadsheet Spreadsheet software permits the control or use in a skillful way of numbers in a format of rows and columns. It permits the creation of pie, line, and bar graph’s. Spreadsheet programs contain special functions for adding and computing statistical and financial formulas. The best example is the Excel spreadsheet package. A spreadsheet package will allow you to use your computer for business calculation, graphing, manipulating lists and other applications Spreadsheets can be used in budgeting, inventory tracking, quality assurance documentation, and many other tasks involving numerical calculations much easier and more accurate. In terms of healthcare, the spreadsheet can be used for inventories, tax returns, patient records, grade records, personnel files, budgets and quality assurance information. Presentation/graphical Graphics program include presentation software, draw programs, and computer-aided design programs. Most presentation programs include text handling, outlining, drawing, graphing, clip art, and special effects. They allow the production of high-quality presentation slides, transparencies, handouts, or electronic slide shows. PyQwt Graphical User Interface is an example of it which is a huge library offering many programming idioms to the user. The main use of presentation graphic program is to present information in a pleasing visual fashion to facilitate decision making and to communicate a message. Visuals that sustain interest, highlight content, and disseminate information enhance presentations by creating an impression. Decision aid Decision aids are patient-based tools developed to support and make a system of the medical decision-making process. It is used in to improve decision quality. Examples of decision aids can be paper-based or electronic; electronic decision aids can be delivered through a variety of technology, including Internet, office-based kiosk, or recorded media. Decision aids include evidence-based information about all successful treatment options, and information related to the patient perspective to help patients clarify their preferences and values about treatment. Decision support system Decision Support systems identifies information gaps and make use of external knowledge bases or referred to as more than just a large collection of information. It process information identifying and demonstrating appropriate to a particular situation interrelationships. It helps in the decision making process, but they do not make the decision. An example of this is the Zynx Health, the market leader in evidence-based clinical decision support solutions proven to measurably improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of patient care. Decision Support systems are a help that needed to perform to the decision maker. They provide the decision maker with a more complete picture of the interrelationships between the information being considered. Expert System Expert system software programs consist of large databases of information with various components integrated into a software package. Software programs include partitioned and cataloged information for user access. Databases in the software contain health care information by separating data into knowledge-based components. An example of this is the IMB AS400 which is a mini-computer system. This system can be located in a hospital or medical institution. An expert An expert system for health care administration is engineered to automate knowledge-based data used in the field of health care. It provides input scenarios, problem-solving mechanisms and output data based on a review of common practices and hospital support functions. References Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., Harlow, T., & Bach, J. S. (1993). Theres more to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1190-1204. Nelson, R., Smith, M.J., Whitman, N.I. (2006). Introduction to Computers for Healthcare Professionals. Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Laudon, J.P. & Laudon, K.C. (2004). Managing the Digital Firm. New Jersey. Pearson Education Inc. O’ Brien, J.A. (1999). Management Information System: Managing information Technology in the Internetworked Enterprise. Kansas. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lochovsky, F.H. & Tsichritzis D.C. (1976). Hierarchical Data-Base Management: A Survey, 8(1) 108-123.doi: 10.1.1.84.4688. Horowitz, M.L. (1991). An Introduction to Object-Oriented Databases and Database Systems. Retrieved from http://reports-archive.adm.cs.cmu.edu/anon/itc/CMU-ITC-103.pdf. Read More