The Smartphone Technology - Book Report/Review Example

Literature Review: Cognitive Psychology Sociology Impact Number: Lecturer: Introduction. The smartphone technology is one of the rapidly evolving technologies that greatly influence the consumer behaviour including the marketing, the daily lifestyle, and business and communication activities. The smartphone technology is an advanced mobile phone technology that enables the users to access advanced functionalities in addition to the basic communication functionalities. The use of smartphones is rapidly increasing and with time this technology will replace the use of the normal mobile phones. Smartphones essentially offer great convenience and enhanced user experienced due to the advanced features inherent in the smartphone. They are designed and developed to offer great user experienced. They have a full touch screen with well-designed interfaces. It is this functionalities and the design that determine the user acceptance of the technology. This is a critical factor in determining the success of the technology in today’s environment of rapidly changing technology. Hence, identifying and understanding the key factors that influence the acceptance of the technology is a key factor all stakeholders. This paper provides a review of selected body of literature on the subjected related to processes, the adoption and the use of Smartphone technology and its application in the different sectors of the economy. The paper additionally, explores how these subjects were studied, and the methodology that was used in the study. The paper focuses mainly on three peer reviewed articles that talk about the smartphone technology, its adoption and the Information Technology (IT) adoption theories. The paper provides a summary of what each article talks about regarding smartphone technology. It also provides a discussion that relates the three articles to the field of Human and Computer Interaction (HCI) and a conclusion about what can be learnt from the literature review. In the search for the peer reviewed articles for this literature review, it was evident that most of the applications of the smartphones are mainly in the health sector. Therefore, most of the articles are on the health sector and how the technology is used or accepted in the health sector. The Smartphone in Medicine: A Review of Current and Potential Use Among Physicians and Students The main objective of this article was to provide a comprehensive insight on the role of the smartphone technology in the medicine field. This is achieved by highlighting the specific roles particularly in medical education, communication and patient care (Ozdalga & Ahuja, 2012). Methodology. In order to achieve this objective the authors of this article used different research methods. One of the methods employed by the authors was the data base search for literature reviews. Medline was searched through PubMed and Scopus databases. Both Scopus and PubMed were used to search a combination of phrases with the keyword Smartphones, iPhones, among others. The search was limited to English written journals. These searches were conducted over a period of 10 months beginning August 2011 to May 2012 (Ozdalga & Ahuja, 2012). The search was narrowed down by identifying those articles that are more inclined towards the acceptance and application of Smartphones in the medical field. However, during this period research on the application of smartphones in the medical field was limited. Therefore, the researchers gave a priority to primary sources that were controlled, multi-centred reports that provided substantial data (Ozdalga & Ahuja, 2012). From this research, several uses of the smartphones in the medical field ware identified. Top of these applications included patient care and monitoring, medical communication, education and research among other applications (Ozdalga & Ahuja, 2012). The Effects of Innovation Factors on Smartphone Adoption among Nurses in Community Hospitals. This article presents findings of an investigation on the decision to adopt smartphones technology among professionals in the health care sector. The study was carried out by Gavin J Putzer to examine the factors that affect an individual’s decision to adopt a smartphone. This is achieved by employing innovative attributes that lead to the perceived attitudes (Putzer & Park, 2010). The author hypothesizes that the intentions by individuals to adopt the smart phones are greatly determined by the attitudes towards this technology and in turn affected by the innovation characteristics. In this study the author notes that smartphone and the designed user interface should meet the requirements required for nursing functions. It is important to also consider the fact that not all smartphones can perform all the functions. Hence, this is a major consideration in adopting a smartphone. The key to adopting a smartphone is the ability to meet particular end user needs effectively (Putzer & Park, 2010). Methodology. To achieve the study objectives, the author used a sampling technique to sample a set of professionals particularly nurses from two community hospitals in the United States. The author then used a survey as a study instrument that was disseminated to a total 200 nurses. Additionally, the researcher conducted hospital visits to the selected hospitals, attended their meetings. It also involved the creation of an internet link to provide the survey to the nurses in the hospitals. Confidentiality and privacy in submission and provision of information relating to the study was guaranteed to all the participants (Putzer & Park, 2010). Measuring user confidence in smartphone security and privacy Chin & Wagner (2012) opine that in order to build and direct an effective and secure mobile environment, it is important to understand the user attitudes towards the security and privacy of smartphones. The study aims to identify the users’ comfort levels in performing different tasks with the smartphone, how they choose applications and their overall perceptions of the different smartphone platforms (Chin & Wagner, 2012). Methodology. In order to gain the understanding and insight into the perceptions of the users on smartphone security and the installation habits, the authors conducted a study that involved 60 smartphone users. The users were interviewed on their willingness to use certain functions and applications with the smartphones (Chin & Wagner, 2012). This is mainly to test the hypothesis that the users avoid using their smartphones due to the security and privacy concerns. The study then analyses and determines why and how different users select the applications (Chin & Wagner, 2012). Relation to the field of Human Computer Interface (HCI). The findings from these research articles indicate that the major determining factor for the use of Smartphones in any particularly dependent on the level of interaction with user. In the first and second case, users of smartphones in the medical field desire a platform that will offer them a user interface that satisfy the requirements and can effectively and efficiently support their functions. It is important to consider the user interface and the ability of the smartphone to support the user needs because not all Smartphones can offer these functionalities. In the third case, it is more evident the characteristics and features of a smartphone with regard to the user interface greatly determine the acceptability and application of smartphones. It is important to note that the user interface is the major determinant in the confidence of users regarding their security and privacy concerns. Conclusion In conclusion, the methods that were used in the three journal articles differ depending on the objective and purpose of the study. From this review I have learnt several facts about the various articles as well as the topic on smartphones; First, the literature review and study on smartphones has been done on the applications and uses in the medical field. Consequently, two of my peer reviewed articles are on the application of smartphones on the medical field. Secondly, there are different methods employed by the different researchers in the three articles. In the first article, most of the studies was done through a database search of the available literature on the use of smartphones in the medical field. From this study I noted the two major important search criteria for my topic and for any study regarding the application of technology in the medical field; this is by use of PubMed and Scopus databases. The second and third articles employed a more interactive and engaging approaches in their methodology. This involved the use of sampling and surveys, carrying out interviews, filling out questionnaires and field visits. Therefore, this produced concrete findings and reliable facts that could be used to make reliable and fast hand conclusions. Finally, the review of the three articles provided me with an understanding of how to carry out research and literature review of such a topic in the future. References. Chin, E., Felt, A. P., Sekar, V., & Wagner, D. (2012, July). Measuring user confidence in smartphone security and privacy. In Proceedings of the Eighth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (p. 1). ACM. Ozdalga, E., Ozdalga, A., & Ahuja, N. (2012). The Smartphone in Medicine: A Review of Current and Potential Use Among Physicians and Students. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14(5), e128. doi:10.2196/jmir.1994 Putzer, G. J., & Park, Y. (2010). The Effects of Innovation Factors on Smartphone Adoption among Nurses in Community Hospitals. Perspectives in Health Information Management / AHIMA, American Health Information Management Association, 7(Winter), 1b. Read More