Database Management in Cloud Computing Environment - Coursework Example

Database Management in Cloud Computing Environment Department Address Including Country Email address - In this discussion and evaluation of the use of cloud environment in database management in the prevailing trends. Moreover, an efficient mechanism of incorporating database management in cloud environment would also be presented in this paper. To gather data and relevant information to be used in this paper, the researcher has used a number of online databases such as Ebscohost, Google Search and etc. The review and analysis of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment concludes that these DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS are developed as per the needs and requirements for cloud computing environment. Apart from this, the DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment also influence the preference of users for them by way of offering a cheap platform for carrying out development. This paper has been a review of the concept of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment. In addition, it also enables the possibilities to be provided in the form of a service, which is also able to operate in a cloud computing environment. At the end of this report, an architectural presented of a Database Management System has been presented. Keywords - Database Management Systems, Clod Computing, Development, Design, Efficiency, Organizations, etc. I - INTRODUCTION A cloud database management system enables the organization to relocate databases as a service and not as a product. By using an internet connection or any other sharing system, employees working in an organization within different departments share files, software and important information with the help of cloud based database management systems (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). It is anticipated that the use of database management systems in cloud environment would increase in future, keeping in view the escalated demand of organizations for easy sharing of data. For this reason, a number of organizations like Nestle, Coca-Cola or Microsoft have installed database management systems in cloud environment (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). On the other hand, trend of outsourcing database management in cloud environment is also increasing, which is creating new businesses within the information technology industry (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). This paper would discuss and evaluate the use of cloud environment in database management in the prevailing trends. Moreover, an efficient mechanism of incorporating database management in cloud environment would also be presented in this paper. To gather data and relevant information to be used in this paper, the researcher has used a number of online databases such as Ebscohost, Google Search and etc. II - WHAT IS DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS) DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS enables the organization to create, maintain and share an enormous amount of data upward and downward, by using software packages (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). By using DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, organizations find it easier to develop database for a number of applications. It can be suggested here that databases are a group of past records, financial reports, files and other objects of organization’s interest. By incorporating a DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in its organizational functions, a business allows multiple users at the same to access, view and retrieve data. For this reasons, various database models are available for the businesses such as relational model of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS and Object model of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (Hill et al., 2012; Gelogo & Lee, 2012). These models facilitate businesses to efficiently describe and support organizational applications. It also handles queries and issues related with the use of programming languages and simplify the coding for the understanding of an ordinary user who does not possess knowledge of programming languages (Hill et al., 2012; Xiong et al., 2011). III - WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOUD COMPUTING? Abadi (2009) describes characteristics of cloud computing as, “one of the oft-cited advantages of cloud computing is its elasticity in the fact of changing conditions. For example, during seasonal or unexpected spikes in demand for a product retailed by an e-commerce company, or during an exponential growth phase for a social networking website, additional computational resources can be allocated on the fly to handle the increased demand in mere minutes” (Abadi, 2009). Thus it can be suggested here that DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment enables the organization to reduce the cost of acquiring important information as the management have to pay only once for what it requires. In this manner, organization’s knowledge resources keep on expanding and enable management and employees to manage spikes in load and release these spikes once the load is subsided (Hill et al., 2012; Xiong et al., 2011). It is noticeable here; that the expansion in knowledge resources is not as easy as upgrading the database to a bigger level, but requires organizations to serve additional servers for different tasks. In a nut shell, DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud environment computing allows organizations to carry out speedy and flexible computing (Schaffner, 2013). IV - USE OF CLOUDING COMPUTING SERVICES IN DATABASE MANAGEMENT SERVICE Majority of the database management systems are integrated into simple software packages which are used by employees and management to develop, maintain and utilize a database. But the landscape has entirely changed due to the introduction of cloud computing services. These cloud computing services has enabled businesses to achieve unique benefits and specific task related advantages (Feinberg, 2010; Hill et al., 2012; Hsieh et al., 2011). But the basic requirement of a successful DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment is that, it requires dedicated DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS servers in cloud services for the sake of providing its users with efficient search of relevant data and access to multiple servers at the same time. Therefore; it is eminent that a simple or traditional DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS cannot deal with an enormous amount of data transfer and conventional DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment makes it possible. Therefore, organizations should focus on acquiring DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing as a service and not build the system in-house so that efficient results can be achieved by incurring cheaper costs (Lehner & Sattler, 2013; Minhas, 2013). DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS has been present since 1960s when commercial computing actually started. One example of classic DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS is navigational systems which were incorporated into business systems in early 1960s (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). In this manner, it is evident that DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS are most old computer integrated database management mechanisms, which requires organizations to scan, retrieve and manage data on hardware and physical networks. Moreover, it can be inferred here that both traditional and cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS work as a communicator between the operating system and the database (Chao, 2006; Furht & Escalante, 2010; Stonebraker, 1986). The question in the mind of the readers must be related to any differences between modern cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS and traditional manual DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. The basic difference lies in gauging the effectiveness of both systems. Cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS allows accurate measurement of the effectiveness of the system for organizational systems. These systems have the capability to manage an enormous amount of data at a single time. On the other hand, results of traditional DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS are not easy to be measured and these systems lack in processing large data. The utilization of cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in the modern world is mainly carried out in the assessment and development of innovative cloud applications and business processes (Hoch, 2006). As cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS requires the understanding of programming languages, it has been observed that the majority of the organizations utilize existing programming language for modeling of the system. Moreover, these existing programming languages are also supportive in expanding the cloud model for business purpose. As a result, businesses strive to save precious time on developing cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS and also enhance the effectiveness of these systems (Chao, 2013; Hill et al., 2012). Still, critics view cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS as a liability for the business. In these critics’ perception, security of the data is the basic concern which is not yet properly addressed. This is because; activities carried out on cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS are not easily monitored as a number of servers and hardware components are involved in the process. Moreover, presence of multiple virtual machines accessing the database at the same time creates further security concerns. This is because; an outsider or an employee with limited access may acquire access to the organization’s valuable data without notifying concerned authorities. Beside the concerns for data being stolen, another threat is of malware and viruses that can be injected into the system by the intruder. As a result, whole organizational systems and functional capacities are exposed to danger (Fiore & Aloisio, 2011; Hill et al., 2012). However, there are techniques and applications available for coping up with the security concerns associated with cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. The basic technique available to businesses is the deployment of neutral network agent who is responsible to keep an eye on the data traffic and defend the traffic against malware or intruder effect. In adopting security measures for cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, there still lies a danger of inability of network agent to efficiently handle bulk amount of data at the same time (Hsieh et al., 2011). Another tactic to handle security concerns in cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS computing is to ensure, that the database activities are audited on a regular basis. When an organization decides to deal with security concerns by using auditing tactic, it is required to set up additional systems that monitor, evaluate and present a report of all activities carried out on cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS computing. The reports retrieved from auditing systems are stored in a remote server which is located far away from the access of any individual in the organization except its senior management. If the security wall of business’s database is breached at any point in time, it sends a direct notification to the system administrator. In this manner, it becomes the core responsibility of the system administrator to identify and locate the reasons and individuals behind database’s breach (Feinberg, 2010; Xiong et al., 2011; Zilio et al., 2004). Majority of the cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS computing depends upon running users’ instructions on the cluster of numerous nodes at the same time, whereas it enhances the capability of the business to transfer data stretching from thousands of terabytes to petabytes. While comparing modern cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS computing with the traditional DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, it has been found that the later presents incapability to handle users’ queries and are usually weak to guarantee consistency in the results delivered. In contrast, Yvette (2012) suggests, “data management tools are an important part of relational and analytical data management business since business analysts are often not technically advanced and do not feel comfortable interfacing with low-level database software directly. These tools typically interface with the database using ODBC or JDBC, so database software that want to work these products must accept SQL queries. Therefore, a novel technology to combine DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS capability with Cloud scale scalability is highly desirable” (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). In this context, it can be suggested that the modern era cloud-based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS computing is efficient in delivering results than traditional DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS and allows the organization to be flexible in its strategic approach towards data sharing and transferring (Buyya et al., 2011; Xiong et al., 2011). V - DATABASE MANAGEMENT IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in a cloud computing environment is developed in a way that it is possible to execute the same in a scalable and flexible manner in cloud environments (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). The DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS are made available in cloud environment rather than as a relational DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. The cloud computing environment is based on a multi tenancy infrastructure, which provides allocation of resources in a more elastic manner, thus enabling the execution of both simple and complex transactions (Gelogo & Lee, 2012; Buyya et al., 2011). The DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in could computing environment does not include those database management systems which can although be provided in a cloud based environment, but they are not developed as such to suit the requirements of a cloud based environment. Majority of the database management systems, which exist at present can be used in relation to cloud computing environment, but they are not designed nor developed as such to suit the requirements of the cloud environment (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). This limitation of the existing DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS has therefore been considered while renaming the “DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in the Cloud” to the new name, which is “DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS as a cloud Service” (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). Today, majority, if not all, cloud based DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS can be considered as comparatively new, as compared to the previously existing DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. Only SQL Azure is the DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS which can be considered as a complete relational DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). The SQL Azure was in full production from the start of the year 2012, but has various limitations related to the size. The developer, Microsoft, has made plans to overcome these limitations gradually (Gelogo & Lee, 2012; Fiore & Aloisio, 2011). The use of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment is mostly related to the development and evaluation of the applications, in such cases where the size of databases under consideration is limited and there exist concerns related to security (Buyya et al., 2011; Gelogo & Lee, 2012). As mentioned earlier, DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in a cloud computing environment provide greater elasticity, which is one of the primary advantages it has. This implies that users are charged for using the DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS on the basis of how much they use it (Gelogo & Lee, 2012; Fiore & Aloisio, 2011). The DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment is considered as an affordable option for users who desire an inexpensive development option. With the continuous maturity and developments being taking place in relation cloud computing environment, there is a significant improvement expected in the cost efficiency in applications development through cloud platform as compared to the applications development through other IT platforms (Chao, 2013; Buyya et al., 2011). In addition to this, these advantages also enable the development of a cloud computing environment without obtaining the assistance of IT professionals, thus reducing costs to a significant extent. The most important factor in this regard is the pace at which the environment operates to develop the necessary infrastructure and other ancillary developments (Gelogo & Lee, 2012; Fiore & Aloisio, 2011). In addition to this, it is also important to note here that the applications for managing data are also considered important while developing a cloud computing environment (Buyya et al., 2011). Owing to the consistent increase in the requirements for extensive and increased analysis of data in the modern world of today, together with a similar architectural design, it is concluded that analytical applications for management of databases are more suitable in cloud computing environment as compared to the other non-analytical or transactional applications for database management. It is therefore that the analysis of data on a large scale in cloud computing environment is considered pertinent (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). This tells further that the existing systems for application development and data analysis and management are not suited for implementation in cloud computing environment. As a result of this, it is necessary to develop such database management systems which are specifically designed for cloud computing environment (Furht & Escalante, 2010; Buyya et al., 2011; Gelogo & Lee, 2012; Xiong et al., 2011). The diagram presented below presents a database management system in cloud computing environment. The proposed model is adopted from the research work of Gelogo & Lee (2012). Fig.1 Database Management in Cloud Computing Environment The database management system presented includes three layers, which are: 1. Application, 2. Database, and 3. Storage Each of these three layers includes relevant functions and purposes. The application layer includes web server, application server, data upload, and access control / identity management. The data base layer includes database cloud storage. The third and the last layer, i.e. storage includes backups, data encryption and disk monitoring. As far as performance is concerned, the DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment presents an efficient means to make use of data in the database together with an improved value distribution for certain information. Apart from this, the DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment also enables storing SQL commands which are used regularly, thus extinguishing the requirement for long and delayed compilation of the data (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). The DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment also provides extensive reporting on the different steps considered for data usage and analysis, which in turn allows carry out the implementation of performance improvement techniques in an accurate manner (Gelogo & Lee, 2012). Lastly, another benefit of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment is that the data encryption is carried out when data is stored or when it is backed up. This encryption of data does not require the programming for encryption and decryption (Gelogo & Lee, 2012; Xiong et al., 2011). IV – CONCLUSION The review and analysis of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment concludes that these DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS are developed as per the needs and requirements for cloud computing environment. These requirements include scalable and elastic services. Apart from this, the DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment also influence the preference of users for them by way of offering a cheap platform for carrying out development. This paper has been a review of the concept of DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS in cloud computing environment. In addition, it also enables the possibilities to be provided in the form of a service, which is also able to operate in a cloud computing environment. At the end of this report, an architectural presented of a Database Management System has been presented. REFERENCES [1] Abadi, D.J., 2009. Data Management in the Cloud: Limitations and Opportunities. Bulletin of the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Data Engineering, pp.1-9. [2] Buyya, R., Broberg, J. & Goscinski, A., 2011. Cloud computing Principles and Paradigms. NJ: John Wiley. [3] Chao, L., 2006. Database Development and Management. NY: CRC Press. [4] Chao, L., 2013. Cloud Database Development and Management. NY: CRC Press. [5] Feinberg, D., 2010. DBMS as a Cloud Service. NY: Gartner, Inc. [6] Fiore, S. & Aloisio, G., 2011. Grid and Cloud Database Management. NY: Springer. [7] Furht, B. & Escalante, A., 2010. Handbook of Cloud Computing. NY: Springer. [8] Gelogo, Y.E. & Lee, S., 2012. 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[16] Xiong, P. et al., 2011. Intelligent Management of Virtualized Resources for Database Systems in Cloud Environment. ICDE Conference 2011. Atlanta: Georgia Institute of Technology School of Computer Science. [17] Zilio, D.C. et al., 2004. DB2 Design Advisor: Integrated automatic physical database design. International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, 24. Read More