Ethical Predicaments - Essay Example

?[Type the company of the [Type the document sub A satisfied Microsoft Office User [Pick the [Type the of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Contents 1 Ethical predicaments are Created by Modern Technology 2 2 Microprocessors Advancement Generations 5 3 Conclusion 7 1 Ethical predicaments are Created by Modern Technology Modern computing machinery is utilized for assembling, saving, operating, communicating information and for spreading information /data. In addition, new technologies in the field of information technology (IT) are creating ethical dilemmas. The effectiveness and speediness related to the electronic information technology systems that consist of limited and international networks, databases and processing programs for information technology. These systems also force consumers to tackle new rights and responsibilities in order to use the data and re-evaluate principles of advent computers. 1.1 The Significance of Ethics Authority, resource and control are the major resources of the information. In fact, the key to success is the right access towards the information. As a result, the social and political relationships are also involved in the development and growth of information systems. It is more important and ethical that how this information is been utilized by the people. For instance, government levels, headquarters and homes include the electronic systems. This involvement is increased so much that the people not having access to the information systems are exaggerated in a particular way. For this reason, new and modern techniques, innovative ethical and lawful decisions are needed in order to stable the requirements and privileges of every person (Reynolds 2011). 1.2 Legal Gaps Filled by Ethics The legal decision lags lies as in modern technological field behind technical development and growth. These gaps are filled through confronting on the issue and by discussing the facts on how to use the electronic information should be proceed. Furthermore, the above observation delineates the ethical issues in a broad way. On the contrary, the deciding laws include some characteristics related to the issues. These legal issues should be resolved by the Information Systems electronically. 1.3 Electronic Information System Ethics In relation to the entire community, the ethics consists of moral options choose by the individuals. These include acceptable standards associated with behavior along with the governing rules of members for an occupation. Moreover, these expand to computer networks, computerized databases and significantly to a Geographic Information Systems. The issues that are present particularly in the three areas require a little different type of ethical decisions. In general, the Electronic Systems, Geographic Information Systems and Networks are being described individually below 1.3.1 Network as Social Places In modern days, network has become a place to share ideas, thoughts and personal information. It is a social place where individuals can discover friendships, discuss on several issues, share some unusual interests, fight, form groups, show sympathy, proselytize and fall in love. With other traditional activities, these activities have also become a part of life. Ray Oldenburg an author delineates network as a new kind of “third Place” in which anyone can communicate, share ideas and gather for hospitality a part from home and work which is the first and second place. The hypothesis stated that, the networks can replace chances of social interaction that is been vanished in the modern world of fringes. Moreover, other authors are more conscious regarding the social networking and communicating therefore they termed this as: virtualized communities. One of the examples incorporates Google Inc. that introduced its Buzz social network in February 2010 without adequate consideration of the ethical or privacy impacts (Wright 2011). 1.3.2 Acceptable Use for Networks A community’s definitions of acceptable behavior rely on the cultural norms and values. A network is set in order to define online standards that are based on the cultural norms and traditional values. However, these traditional values are sometime challenged by the humans due to the increased interaction between the network and society. These networks are widespread among different societies and communities that possess different values and traditions. The modern computers are now allowing people to interact and do things that are previously considered beyond imaginations. The networks as present nowadays possess their new identity, social history and benefits that differ slightly from our present traditions and values. Some people, who are able to developed virtual community, are now spreading individual values, freedom of expression, and exchange of information, disorder and uniqueness in various groups. There is a slight difference among the people who possess acceptable behavior on the networks. However, these behaviors tend to change as more and more people are joining networks consisting different backgrounds and different moral values. Internet users and of diverse minor networks needs awareness about the threats, as they are entering in the world of an unconventional and alternative social networks (Salehnia 2002). The acceptable use for network issues in the network includes easy values of courtesy to question of constitutional rights and due care in sharing out the information that is not claimed or validated in law. 1.3.3 Human Behavior on the Network The term Netiquette describes a matter of common sense that is present in every individual to remember how to behave on the social networking sites. However, the Internet believes on freedom of expression for example, some context might be considered as rude or unethical elsewhere but can be accepted on many computer networks. In order to guard the ideology of one’s expressions, people must remember where they are. Every discussion that is unlawful and believable can be discussed in groups. On some parts of the internet, the field of pornography is flourishing, which is considered to be unethical. Verbal harassment is another issues raised by some people on the Internet. While censoring the individual identify on the Internet, system administrators have now managed to control or negotiate particular situations of conflict. However, some of the activities that are considered unethical and should be questionable off the network must be demolished or controlled via proper judgment (Furgang 2010). 2 Microprocessors Advancement Generations The first general purpose microprocessor, composed on a single chip was launched in 1971. The microprocessor was capable to operate on an eight-bit architecture along with the implementation capacity of four bits. Moreover, the microprocessor includes 2300 transistors with a capability to perform less than 0.1 million instructions per second (MIPS). After the invention of the first general purpose microprocessor, 8008 right bit microprocessor was invented. The microprocessor was built on 3500 transistors as compared to the general-purpose microprocessor with 2300 transistors. Moreover, in the same year, first computer named as Micral was launched that was considered the first computer with a microprocessor. The computer was purposefully built for laboratory instrumentation and was sold in Europe with large figures. After the invention of the first computer based on microprocessor, the first generation of microprocessor based computers started in 1978 (Patterson 1997). The first generation was started by the introduction of Intel 16 bit 8086 microprocessor hitting the market with vast difference in capabilities and opportunities for further development. The Intel 16 bit 8086 was built on 16 bit architecture with 0.5 million instructions per second. Moreover, a language was also introduced for operating the system named as assembly language. The processor was built on 29000 transistors along with features including memory protection and floating point co processor. Moreover, in 1981, IBM a company for manufacturing commuting devices launched the latest version of Intel’s 8086. The microprocessor was named as 8088 (Patterson 1997). The second generation was triggered by a significant improvement in the architecture of microprocessors as Motorola launched the first 32-bit microprocessor named as Motorola 68000. The processor was equipped with general-purpose registers supporting less than 1 million instructions per second. Motorola 68000 was used with Apple Mac, Silicon graphics and Apollo systems. The third generation was started by the first commercial microprocessor named as MIPS2000 based on Reduced Instructions Set Computing (RISC). Moreover, the processor supported instructions and data cache simultaneously. As compared to the previous processor supporting less than one MIPS, MIPS 2000 was capable of providing five to eight MIPS. The total transistors that were embedded on the processor were 125,000 thousand (Patterson 1997). The fourth generation of microprocessors was started by the introduction of 64-bit architecture. The processor supporting the 64-bit architecture was MIPS 4000. As compared to the third generation microprocessor i.e. MIPS 2000, MIPS 4000 capability was unmatched (Patterson 1997). Instead of installing the caches separately on the motherboard of the computer, it was integrated in the microprocessor. The features for integrated cache are on chip and off chip i.e. as a secondary cache. Moreover, floating point was also integrated on the chip. The microprocessor is capable to support more than 50 MIPS. 2.1 Cheaper, Faster and Small in Size The prominent factors that leaded the computer revolution were the stored program concepts as every generation of computer systems has adhered to the concept and utilizing microprocessors for storing data and applications. This is because programs that are stored in the memory can easily be replaced and consequently the same hardware can perform a variety of tasks. Moreover, the invention of transistors contributed information technology massively as these transistors were much smaller to be integrated on circuits as compared to large vacuum tubes (Patterson 1997). 3 Conclusion We have briefly discussed the ethical issues associated with information systems and networks. Moreover, due diligence and due care concepts are also discussed for employees working in an organization. Furthermore, we have also discussed the technological advancements for central processing units. References FURGANG, K., 2010. Netiquette: A Student's Guide to Digital Etiquette. Rosen Central. PATTERSON, D.A., 1997. Microprocessors in 2020. Scientific American Special Issue, 8(1), pp. 86. REYNOLDS, G.W., 2011. Ethics in Information Technology, 4th ed. Course Technology, Cengage Learning. SALEHNIA, A., 2002. Ethical Issues of Information Systems. IRM Press. WRIGHT, D., 2011. A framework for the ethical impact assessment of information technology. Ethics & Information Technology, 13(3), pp. 199-226. Read More