Pre-contact Lifeways of California - Coursework Example

California: Pre-contact life ways, Changes during contact, and Colonialism California: Pre-contact life ways, Changes during contact, and Colonialism Introduction California states is located a long side the western coastal region of the United States of America. The state is one of the populated states within the outskirts of the United States of America as per the current statistical census. During the past years of pre- period approximately 10,000 years back, California was well known to be a cultural and linguistic state. The area exhibited one third of Americans native speakers, ranging from large, interior and coastal people settlements. The state however, was characterized by many tribes, villages, chief dorms which exhibited then political organization brands that enhanced rich resources. In the year 1821, California State encountered the first ever existing Mexican war of independence, which gave the California independence affluence from Spain. The State of California was unique on its way, exhibiting several cattle ranches, which were highly valued by the Mexican who were living in this area. Pre-contact life ways of California Many tribes of Native Americans with different cultures have lived in the State of California for a period of about 13,000 to 15,000 years. These tribes were characterized by their instrumentations bands that have 100 different inhabitants. One of the distinguished Americans native speakers in this area during pre-contact life was the hunter-gatherers who used to practice various forms of forest gardening as well as fire-stick farming exercises. Other exercises that hunter-gatherers exercised were grasslands, mixed woodlands and wetlands, one of the sources that enabled them to acquire enough food and medicine for its family medications (Cooper, 2005). This native tribe so called hunter-gatherers exercised wild perm culture which enabled them to sustain themselves on low-density agricultural activities due to the loose rotation crop farming exhibited within the state for the purpose of environmental factors. Changes during contact period California states was given its name after mythical island zone, which existed in this area and characterized by the Amazon warriors having lived in this area as from early 16th century. The introduction of exploration from European Union in this area promoted contact changes as many European who depicted to go in this area termed the region as unexplored territory on the Northern American west coast. The explorers from Europe decided to fly their flags symbolizing Spanish and England dominance. During this revolution period, the Indians tribes were encountered living in this area in small Rancherias of about 100 to 150 family members. These Indians tribes used to own wooden weapons, dogs, horns, stones and leather and had a lifestyle perspective of living in rudimentary shelters made from the leather or mud. The tribe never exercised agricultural activities as well as never kept domestic animals. Some tribes were found in Barbara, California and Channels Islands and they used dugout canoes in most of their times for the purpose of fishing and trading with merchants. The area exhibited isolation among the existing tribes and also it had poor conditions for growing food, and this was one of the factors these tribes never exercised agricultural activities. The tribal community consisting of Indians therefore, survived on the catching and eating, Tule elk small game, fish, roots, grass seed and berries which helped them to sustain themselves. Despite that California States grow almost every crop, this was not the case during colonial period since growing crops like corns or potatoes could require irrigation process and this seemed the hardship this Indians tribes exhibited by then. With changes during the pre-contact period, tribes that existed within the state of California exercised activities like basket weaving. Basket weaving was their forms of art utility affluence. In addition, these tribes engaged themselves in trading activities that could see them acquire goods like salt as well as flint that they extensively used for making their spears and arrow points. Colonialism in the State of California During colonialism, the State of California was divided into two parts. The Spanish colonial power divided the State of California into Baja California and Alta California, both provinces were monitored by the soldiers and boats crew from Spain. In the line of colonialism, the Spanish established its territory in Alta province in the year 1769, deploying viceroyalty of new Spanish department. This province is what translates to up to now modern America states of California, Nevada, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado and Utah. Exploration by the Spanish colonial within the State of California was established in the 16th century by Spanish monarchy, which had an influence of settling the area into independence. In the period of 1687 to 1711, Father Eusebio Kino headed the state of Alta. During his time, he influenced the provision of decree. The area however, was directed by missionaries, many of them being Spanish with an interest of galvanizing the entire Alta California into a colonial state. The colonial period by the Spain however, exhibited challenges from Russian colonization that was in line and interested in this area as trading was the main purpose for this clash. In other hand, boundary between Baja and Alta who were being controlled by the Dominicans were set by the Francisco evolving into the construction of presidios pueblos’ Hispanic culture. The Spanish colonialism had a mind of passing the California Native Americans their lands possessions after a period of ten years. However, in their mission, the Spanish colonialism established an interim body consisting Franciscans who voted their administrations to hold the issue of land possession. This was a sign of creating trust with the Native residents and to eliminate any forms of discrimination and ethnicity. With time, disputes arose among the crown, the church and the Native settlers due to then prevailing bureaucracy on the missionary’s authorities. In the 1782, the problem however, entangled when Franciscan sent a petition to the governor that the existing Lands and Cattle were owned by the Mission Indians. The issue was that the cattle used to destroy crops that had been planted and the administration wanted these matters to be solved by the Spanish colonialism. This led to demarcation of California in the year1804 into separate territorial administration since the number of Hispanic population had grown large (Cooper, 2005). Conclusion In conclusion, California State is one of the populated states within the outskirts of the United States of America as per the current statistical census. During the past years of pre- period approximately 10,000 years back, California was well known to be a cultural and linguistic state. The area exhibited one third of Americans native speakers, ranging from large, interior and coastal people settlements. In the year 1821, California State encountered the first ever existing Mexican war of independence, which gave the California independence affluence from Spain. The State of California was unique on its way, exhibiting several cattle ranches, which were highly valued by the Mexican who were living in this area. The state however, was characterized by many tribes, villages, chief dorms which exhibited then political organization brands that enhanced rich resources. Many tribes of Native Americans with different cultures have lived in the State of California for a period of about 13,000 to 15,000 years. These tribes were characterized by their instrumentations bands that have 100 different inhabitants. One of the distinguished Americans native speakers in this area during pre-contact life was the hunter-gatherers who used to practice various forms of forest gardening as well as fire-stick farming exercises. The introduction of exploration from European Union in this area promoted contact changes as many European who depicted to go in this area termed the region as unexplored territory on the Northern American west coast. The explorers from Europe decided to fly their flags symbolizing Spanish and England dominance. During this revolution period, the Indians tribes were encountered living in this area in small Rancherias of about 100 to 150 family members. During colonialism, the State of California was divided into two parts. The Spanish colonial power divided the State of California into Baja California and Alta California, both provinces were monitored by the soldiers and boats crew from Spain. In the line of colonialism, the Spanish established its territory in Alta province in the year 1769, deploying viceroyalty of new Spanish department. This province is what translates to up to now modern America states of California, Nevada, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado and Utah. The colonial period by the Spain however, exhibited challenges from Russian colonization that was in line and interested in this area as trading was the main purpose for this clash. In other hand, boundary between Baja and Alta who were being controlled by the Dominicans were set by the Francisco evolving into the construction of presidios pueblos’ Hispanic culture. The Spanish colonialism had a mind of passing the California Native Americans their lands possessions after a period of ten years. One of the factors these tribes never exercised agricultural activities. The tribal community consisting of Indians therefore, survived on the catching and eating, Tule elk small game, fish, roots, grass seed and berries which helped them to sustain themselves. Despite that California States grow almost every crop, this was not the case during colonial period since growing crops like corns or potatoes could require irrigation process and this seemed the hardship this Indians tribes exhibited by then. With changes during the pre-contact period, tribes that existed within the state of California exercised activities like basket weaving. Basket weaving was their forms of art utility affluence. Hunter-gatherers exercised were grasslands, mixed woodlands and wetlands, one of the sources that enabled them to acquire enough food and medicine for its family medications. This was a sign of creating trust with the Native residents and to eliminate any forms of discrimination and ethnicity. With time, disputes arose among the crown, the church and the Native settlers due to then prevailing bureaucracy on the missionary’s authorities. In the 1782, the problem however, entangled when Franciscan sent a petition to the governor that the existing Lands and Cattle were owned by the Mission Indians. The issue was that the cattle used to destroy crops that had been planted and the administration wanted these matters to be solved by the Spanish colonialism. This native tribe so called hunter-gatherers exercised wild perm culture which enabled them to sustain themselves on low-density agricultural activities due to the loose rotation crop farming exhibited within the state for the purpose of environmental factors. California has been one of the leading agricultural industries since colonialism, some of the aspect that was brought by the Spanish colonialism. References Cooper, F. (2005). Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History [Paperback]. USA: University of California Press. Read More