US citizens - Assignment Example

Essay Hist 221 During the eighteenth century, the African and American united to become American citizens. On the other hand, most American Indians were being evicted and were pushed westward across the Appalachian mountain. The country undertook an experiment with Liberia democratic government burden. This continuing irritant proved to be dangerous. This experiment coexisted with a slave labor system. This was to be sustained by the work and sacrifice of poor black, brown, white men and women.

The founding father of this malpractice clearly understood the intrinsic evil of slavery but choose to defend it. It consequently remains a fundamental flaw of the nation. Within this period, several social institutions, political, economic as well as cultural life and multi-racial society emerged. In 1700, the slave trade operated out of Boston and supplies African slave to Virginia and New England colonies (Guelzo 36). During 1704 to 1720, a number of institutional and economic changes were experienced in America as slave trade became the order of the day.

Advertisement of slave trade emerged and occupied the largest part in newspapers. In Virginia, a degree was also made which required all African mendicant cover to Christianity failure to which they are declared slave for life. Massachusetts declares inter¬racial marriage between white and black as illegal and institute to a fine for anyone who would like to intermarry. In New York and Virginia, a law was passed that stipulate that a slave could not become a free by the virtual of baptism. In fact, free Blacks serve in the Massachusetts militia in 1707.

Elias Neau, French colonist, opens a school for enslaved African American in New York. In 1713, nine whites died and execution of 21 African Americans during a slave insurrection in New York. England acquires sole responsibility of transporting slaves to the Spanish colonies in North America. Massachusetts declares that slave discourage on the frontier through limiting job opportunities for whites. In 1724, the black code was enacted to control blacks and banish Jews in French Territory and New Orleans.

Boston planned a curfew for all non-white (Schneider 67). In 1727, the enslave slaves from African and Native American revolt in Middlesex and Gloucester regions of Virginia. In 1737, slaves that managed to escape from English colonies were promised freedom by Span in Spanish Florida. A law that requires enslaved people to wear clothes that identify them as slaves in South Carolina was passed in 1735. All freed slaves were required to leave the colony within six months if not they could face risk re-enslavement.

It was in 1737 when an indenture won his freedom in court after the death of his master. In 1741, New York City official executed 34 people for planning to burn the town during the New York Slave conspiracy. During this period, seventy blacks and seven whites were permanently expelled from the city. South Carolina enacted a law restricting the teaching of slaves to read or write (Berlin 45). In 1746, Lucy Terry, an enslaved person, becomes the first slave poet. She made her poem based from last American Indian attacked on her way to village in Massachusetts.

The Presbyterian Church began an imitative of educating enslaved people, African American in 1747. In South Carolina, the enslaved people were allowed to serve in the militias during war. This opportunity was given to slaves who feels or captures an enemy. Later in 1752, eighteen acquire properties at Mount Vernon when George Washington acquires the property. Quakers were not happy with this idea and thus began discouraging the acquisition of properties by slaves. In 1758, the first known black church in North America was established on the William Byrd plantation.

Some Quakers oppose slavery while others especially in the south tolerate it. The New England Quakers makes it an offense on the Society of Friends to import slaves. (Guelzo 90)The Massachusetts legislator argued that the slave has the right to be free. The attempts to challenge the legality of slaves from Massachusetts begin. One of slave filed a petition against his master on issues such as trespassing but was in vain. In 1769, a bill to provide the emancipation drafted by Thomas Jefferson was rejected in Virginia.

During 1772, the court ruled that an enslaved person brought to England becomes free and can no longer be returned to slavery. A group of enslaved African American files a petition in Massachusetts to acquire right to earn money to purchase their freedom. In 1774, salves in Massachusetts files various petitions in an attempt to seek their freedom. The first antislavery society named the Pennsylvania Society for the Abolition of the slave was organized is organized in Philadelphia in 1775. George Washington reversed his decision of to bar blacks from military and free blacks were allowed to serve in the Continental Army.

Vermont becomes the first state to put slavery to an end. In 1776, Thomas Jefferson authored a passage that condemned the slave trade was removed from the Declaration of independence due to pressure from the southern colonies. Massachusetts abolished slavery and grants the African American right to vote in 1780. Pennsylvania adopts the first gradual emancipation law that requires all people born after November 1, 1780 to be freed on their 28th birthday. The war against slavery bear some fruits as Virginia granted freedom to slaves who fought for the patriotism in the war of 1778.

In the late 1780's, Connecticut and Rhode Island adopt gradual emancipation laws. All slaves who served in the Revolutionary Army were freed. Richard Allen and Absalom Jones form slave organization, the free African society in Philadelphia. Massachusetts also declared the slave trade illegal (Guelzo 123). The French revolution begins in 1789. Slaves in Haiti revolt against the French ruler and slave owners. In 1791, the state of Virginia passes a legislation, which prohibits free African Americans from entering the state.

Early 1794, New York permanently adopted a gradual emancipation law and the French government abolishes slavery, but the law is repelled by Napoleon in 1802. Works Cited Berlin, I. Many thousands gone: The first two centuries of slavery in North America. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004. Print. Guelzo, Allen C. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004. Print. Schneider, D, and C. J. Schneider. Slavery in America: From colonial times to the Civil War : an eyewitness history.

New York: Facts on File, 2000. Print. Schneider, D, and C. J. Schneider. Slavery in America. New York: Facts On File, 2007. Print.