Knowledge of Asthma among Parents of Asthmatic Children - Literature review Example

Literature Critique: Study I: 1. Title: The selected titles “Parental Asthma Knowledge” by Fadzil & Norzilla, 2002 is fully correlated with the study conducted and the aim and purposes consistently to relate for the impact of the study. 2. Abstract: The abstract written for this study is no doubt completely covers the basic and median concept of the whole study but in actual it lacks a differential title of Abstract, or the writer has tried to illustrate it in a different way comprising of three subheadings, summary, methods and results. These completely illustrate the overall objective and the outcome of the study. The information about the overall analysis design is missing. Introduction: The introduction of the paper is well composed including the relevant information about the causes and the effects on the Asthma, but the introduction lacks the basics of the disease and the origin, which needs some explanation to be given in this regard to let the readers get a background of the severity of the issue. Also the introduction lacks for the relating of the core objective of the study with the regional differences which should have been quoted in figures to highlight the variation through various studies. Overall the introduction is composed good but with limited number of subjected studies. 3. Materials and Methods: 4.1 Protection of Participants rights: In reference to particularly the rights of the participants, the parents and children were particularly checked for their availability thus to minimize their time loss. Those parents who were not able to comprehend the questionnaire were excluded. 4.2 Research Design: The research design has been explained well w.ith a definite mention of time period of the study. The complete bio-data of the participants was collected properly. The study design actually was prescribed separately for the educational status as well as the monthly income status to also allocate the effect of these variables as well as to determine the role of this education. 4.3 Population and sample: The sample size was about sixty seven parents. This is a good sample size for the conduction of a quantitative research. Furthermore the sample was of random type means there were mixed parents with different levels of education and economic status. 4.4 Recruitment: The participants were recruited from a hospital where they come for the regular visit checkups of the asthmatic children and some of them have their children admitted in asthmatic ward for treatment. This sort of recruitment gave the advantage for interacting wide variety of parents with totally different situations. 4.5 Data Collection: All data was collected by using a questionnaire. This method has some advantages as well as disadvantages from the conclusive point of view. Actually this method is highly volatile and thus careful implication is required to give your research a definite conclusion. The question set must be highly specific and pointed. 4. Results: 4.1 Data Analysis: All data were analyzed by entering into SSCP version 10.00. The correlations b/w the variables were determined by Pearson’s method. 4.2 Findings: A significant positive correlation was found b/w parents asthma knowledge and steroid dosages of the children as well as with socio economic factors. Other variables did not clearly indicate the knowledge of parents for Asthma. About 25% parents were unable to relate any single medicine for the emergency treatment of the situation. Exercise triggered Asthmatic attacks has also been shown. 5. Discussion: 5.1 Implications and recommendations: In discussion the findings of the study have been related with the previous studies of the same level and also the results have been correlated with other studies to validate the results and aspects of the study. Although the clear outcome has been mentioned that the asthma education in parents should be emphasized but still the detailed recommendation patterns for this improvement are lacking. 5.2 Presentations: The article is well written in a very clear format with an approaching conclusion strategy but perhaps it lacks for the clear recommendations and the strategies to be approached for the nurses’ point of view. Study II: 1. Title: “Knowledge of Asthma among parent of Asthmatic children” by Lai et al., is a complete topic from every point of view indicating all the aspects of the problem. 2. Abstract: The abstract of the article is complete in all aspects starting from the given knowledge about the total number of the parents involved as sample till the end details of the results and additionally with the information about every particular question. 3. Introduction: The introduction although clearly relates the objective of the current study but still the background of the literature review presented was limited one and the importance and the subjected significance of the issue is not that much illustrated as required. There is none other variables are mentioned along with the particular associate problem. 4. Method 4.1 Participants protection: The analysis was done considering the socio economic background of the people. The interviews of the parents were conducted in separate rooms in order to ensure a completely neutral answer. 4.2 Research design: The sample of the research consisted of 85 asthmatic children parents. The minimum criteria were to two years of asthmatic diagnostic history of the children. It was also related that the two groups of parents were considered based on the age limit of their asthmatic children as the various conditions of the patients may vary accordingly to the age, so this is an additional factor considered over here. The complete history of the disease was allocated. 4.3 Population and sample: The socio economic status of the involved families were determine by Gupta and Sethi’s SES scale and divided into high, middle and lower class. 4.4 Recruitment: The sample was interviewed at the hospital in a separate room Clinic of Postgraduate institute of Medical education and Research PGI. 4.5 Data Collection: The data was collected by using the interview techniques in a separate room from all the individuals by asking 17 model questionnaires. Some questions were answerable to limited extent and few have wider view to relate. Although this mechanism has many advantages but still there is s a chance that the parents can hide or hesitant to share all information. 5. Results: 5.1 Data Analysis: After obtaining the consent of the families by using the parents of the patients than statistical analysis were applied. The method and terms for the explanation of this data analysis have not been very well related as in previous study I. It is just mentioned that the statistical analysis was done by using Chi square and paired t test. 5.2 Findings: The findings of the paper have been described well in the form of percentage and clear , even the respondent member ratio is also indicated as in 25 cases respondents were father and mother in 60 cases. Similarly with every aspect clear findings have been related. 6. Discussion 6.1 Implications and recommendations The discussion of the article is very well written indicating clearly the main source of information as well that is the physicians for parents. It also correlates certain facts that show the negligence or incomplete knowledge or parents towards the symptoms of the disease in their children. The society moves and thoughts have been well elaborated. Recommendations are also provide for improvement of current scenario. Presentation: The article is well personated with all its tabulated data for family history, SES status and the results and recommendations in a clear and understandable language for a common person. Literature Review: Objective of the present Literature review: To develop an understanding of the asthma illness To find out how much the level of information of parents about the particular state of the asthma helps their children for a better prognosis. What are real facts for the level of knowledge about the disease in parents To allocate the resources of improving this knowledge in an effective manner. 2. Introduction: Asthma is a chronic illness, and child asthma is a condition that is going to rise in coming few years. According to Starfield, more than 10.5% of the children by the age of 17 years are suffering from various stages of Asthma. The Parental perception of the disease and recognition of the asthmatic symptoms in their children may help a lot to diagnose for better conditions and improve prognosis state. 3. Concept I: Various sorts of stigmatic concepts about the disease prevail among the parents thus lacking a complete knowledge of the state of disease. The main theme of this concept arises from the results that have been related by Lai et al., in their study as the thinking about the disease is stigma by most of the parents. About 48.2% of the results showed that these parents hesitate to disclose about the condition of their children to anyone. Similarly there is another belief that the disease is lifelong and had probably no cure. Issue: The reason behind this concept is that the incomplete knowledge and their insufficient beliefs are the main cause of this sort of thinking. It has also been found that the socio economic status and the level of education are the main determinants of the cure progress of this disease. 4. Concept II: There is an adequate lack of understanding in the physiology of the asthma among parents. The main theme that relates this concept is provided with in the paper by , which shows that although most parents were aware that their children have been more sensitive but still only five i.e. 7 % could relate the airway obstruction is caused by both muscle contraction as well as the increased secretions in the airway. There were 49 parents which were able to relate a single pathology of Asthma. This clearly revealed the lack of patho-physiology understanding among parents. Issue: the underlying issue is the low level of communications and knowledge transfer b/w doctors and parents and lack of community awareness programs about Asthma. Conclusion: The community awareness about the Asthma, its early symptoms, all pathophysiology states and implications and recommendations of all the stage should be delivered on regular intervals to enhance the motivation and interest levels. References: Fadzil A, Norzilaa MZ (2002), Parental Asthma Knowledge. Med J Malysia; 57: 474-481. Lai A, Kumar L, Malhotra S (1994). Knowledge of Asthma among parents of Asthmatic Children. Indian Pediatrics; 32: 649-655 Read More