Renal Experiment on Urine Production - Example

The paper "Renal Experiment on Urine Production" is a delightful example of a report on health sciences and medicine. This report covers statistical measures of 32 people about the effect of water, salt, and caffeine on urine production. There has been an estimation of water taken, salt, and caffeine. The individuals who have been used for an experiment by a student from home have participated directly. The result obtained has been compared using graphs. This method has been employed to determine the agreement between various effects of these contents on urine production INTRODUCTION Urine production and excretion are one of the most important functions of the human body.

The filtration of blood or the formation of urine occurs at the junction of the glomeruli and the capsule and the filtrate collects in the capsule. The kidney can be divided into two regions in cross-section. The outer renal cortex contains the Bowman’s capsule and the ducts of several million nephrons. The inner renal medulla has renal pyramids, renal papillae at the apex of each pyramid, and renal columns between two pyramids. The urine collected in the Bowman’s capsule by glomerular filtration moves to the proximal convoluted tubules and Henle’s loop where re-absorption of excess water, salts, and vitamins take place.

The concentrate now goes to the distal convoluted tubules where the process of tubular secretion changes the composition of the concentrate to that of urine and this moves on to the larger and larger collecting ducts. Here, due to the Anti Diuretic Hormone, all the excess water from the urine is absorbed back and the highly concentrated urine passes into the minor calyx and from here to the major calyx of the funnel-like renal pelvis (Veehof, Stewart, Meyboom-de Jong, and Haaijer-Ruskamp, 1999).

There is always a discrepancy in the data collected because the data obtained depends on his perception attitudes of the participants. There was no enough time to carry out more measurements to obtain actual data that can be relied reasonably apart on from information obtained from the experiment (Suvarna, Pirmohamed, and Henderson, 2003). Experiment details 32 healthy individuals were considered in this result. They were of different age groups between the ages of 19 – 62. These people voluntarily participated in this study on the renal system which was done in a home setting and both were students.

One of them was older than others at 62 while the youngest was 19. In terms of weighing the heaviest was 110 whiles the person who was light was 44. In terms of height, the participants ranged from 152 to 193. All the data was estimated to the nearest 1 decimal points while the measurements of age were done in years with an estimation to the nearest 1 but the weight was done with an estimation to the nearest 1 decimal points. Height was measured to the nearest 1 cm. Results These are the results from the experiment carried out on various groups which included urine production, high water only, high water and high salt, exercise and high water, and low water and caffeine.

The results from the experiment are as follows: 1. High water- From the analysis and the chart below it is clear that the average color of urine is yellow and urine PH remained at an average of 6.3 while the gravity was an average of 1.02 for the entire sample. The chart shows that the volume of urine produced changed from the first to the third sample before it began to drop in the fourth sample. If a linear graph is drawn it will show an ascending order up to the third sample before descending starting the fourth sample.

The blood pressure for the sample did not change much as well as PH and temperature. However, there was a fluctuation in the pulse rate (Ross, Wilson, Waugh, and Grant, 2001).