Emergency Drug List - Assignment Example

Due: Dietary supplements Introduction EPINEPHRINE 10,000 Brand: Trade- Adrenalin Generic: Epi 1:1000 Route of Administration: Adult - IVP, ET (ET dose is 2-2.5 times IV dose); pediatric – IVP, IO Safe Dosage range: 1.0 mg IVP/IO or ET (2-2.5mg diluted to 10 mL) q3-5 minutes until arrhythmia is resolved, no maximum Category of Medication: Cardiac arrest, asystole, pulse less Vac, severe anaphylaxis coronary insufficiency, Hypersensitivity, hypovolemic shock. Main adverse reactions: affects adrenaline rise from its effect upon blood and cardiac rhythm. Intervention/Nursing implication Protect from light, can be deactivated by alkaline solutions. MAO inhibitors potentiate effects. ATROPINE Brand: Sal-Tropine Generic: Atropine Route of administration: IV, ET (ET dose is 2-2.5 times IV dose) Safe Dosage Range : : Bradycardia: 0.5 mg IV/IO q3-5min, max 3 mg or 0.04 mg/kg, until heart rate > 60bpm Asystole/PEA: 1 mg IV, q3-5min, max 3mg or 0.04 mg/kg, until rhythm changes Organophosphate poisoning: 2 mg IVP/IO/IM q5-15min until effective Pediatric Dosage Bradycardia: 0.02 mg/kg q5min Maximum single dose (child 0.5 mg) (adolescent 1.0 mg) Maximum total dose (child 1.0 mg) (adolescent 2.0 mg) Category of medication: Parasympatholytic that inhibits acetylcholine at parasympathetic receptors, increases heart rate and AV conduction with limited effect. Decreases gastrointestinal motility and gastric, salivary, and bronchial secretions Main adverse reactions: palpitation, dilated pupils, difficult in swallowing. Intervention/Nursing implication: Dose of 0.04 mg/kg should not be exceeded except in cases of poisonings DIAZEPAM Brand: Valium, Diastat Generic: Diazepham Route of administration: IV (not faster than 1 ml/min), IM, rectal Safe Dosage Range: Seizure: 2-5mg IV/IM, max 10mg Premedication before cardio version: 5-15mg IV, titrated Category of medication: Anticonvulsant, skeletal muscle relaxant, sedative, hypnotic Main adverse reactions: muscle twitching, loss of bladder control, urinating less, hallucinations, unusual thoughts. Intervention/Nursing implication Can cause local venous irritation. Has short duration of anticonvulsant effect. Do not mix with other drugs because of possible precipitation problems. LORAZEPAM Brand: Ativan Generic: Lorazem Route of Administration: 1-2mg IV/IM, max 8mg (dilute with NS when given IV Safe Dosage range: 0.03 mg/kg Category of Medication Anticonvulsant, skeletal muscle relaxant, sedative, hypnotici Main Adverse Reactions Drowsiness, hypotension, respiratory depression, apnea Intervention/Nursing implicationDo not mix with other drugs because of possible precipitation problems. Fewer side effects than with Diazepam (Valium).Must be kept refrigerated or discarded 6 weeks after removal from refrigeration. DILANTIN Brand: Dilantin, Dilantin-125 Generic: Phenytoin Route of Administration IV/IM Safe Dose range: twice or three times daily. Adult dose 100mg, 4 times daily Category of medication: anticonvulsant to prevent general tonic clonic seizures Main adverse Reactions increases metabolism of other drugs reducing body concentrations Intervention/Nursing implication: narrow-angle glaucoma, nursing mothers DOPOMINE Brand: Intropin Generic: dopamine - injection Route of Administration: IV drip only Renal: 2-20 μg/kg/min; Cardiac: 5-20 μg/kg/minute Titrate slowly until 90BP 400mg in 250 mL D50 Safe Dose Range: 2-20 μg/kg/min Category of medication: Increases cardiac contractility, causes peripheral vasoconstriction, Main adverse Reactions V-Tac, hypertension, palpitations, increased myocardial oxygen demand Intervention/Nursing implication Hemodynamically significant hypotension without hypovolemia, cardiogenic shock DIPHENHYDRAMINE Brand: Antihistamine Generic: Benadryl Route of administration (over 10 g) 1.25 mg/kg/dose q6hr, max 300 mg/day IV, IO, IM 25-50mg IM, IV/IO q6-8hr and max 400 mg/day Safe dose range Category of Medication: Anaphylaxis, moderate to severe allergic reactions (secondary to epinephrine), acute extrapyramidal (dystonic) reactions Main Adverse Reactions Sedation, hypotension, dry mouth/throat, blurred vision, headache, palpitations, tachycardia, bradycardia, paradoxical excitement in children Intervention/Nursing implication Patients taking MAO inhibitors, narrow-angle glaucoma, nursing mothers PHENERGAN Brand: Phenadoz, Promethegan Generic: Promethazine Route of administration 6.25-25 mg orally 3 times daily. 25mg dose Safe dose range 25-50mg by injection Category of medication: respiratory depression, palpations, dizziness, dry mouth Main adverse Reactions: headache, blurred vision Intervention/Nursing implication symptomatic tachycardia MIDAZOLAM Brand: Tranquilizer Generic: Benzodiazepine Route of Administration IV (not faster than 1 ml/min), IM, rectal [never bolus] Dosage: 1-2mg IV/IM, max 0.1mg/kg Safe Dose range: 0.05-.20 mg/kg Category of medication: Anticonvulsant, skeletal muscle relaxant, sedative, hypnotic Main adverse Reactions Drowsiness, hypotension, respiratory depression, apnea, headache, blurred vision Intervention/Nursing implication Has short duration of effect. Do not mix with other drugs because of possible precipitation problems. Fewer side effects than when used with other Benzodiazepines. Best for amnesia and worst for muscle relaxant/anticonvulsant. ANESOXYN Read More