The Environment and Modern East Asia - Case Study Example

and Section # of THE ENVIORNMENT AND MODERN EAST ASIA AND TREASURE NIGHTSOIL AS IT WERE GOLD Forthe development of any region, the participants in the growth belong either to rural areas or Urban, but researchers and economists shows that most of the credit goes to rural areas. The reason for such hypothesis is that the cities sued to give pressure to this countryside to provide and supply foodstuff and cash crops1. The urban people not only depend on their growing fields but their businesses actually depend on the hardworking of these country side people. The cultural, economical and political strengthening is not possible without these country side and rural areas. The move of cash-crop field actually increases the wealth of Japanese. The Japanese ecology changes from wild boar famine to most highly industrialized country due to many changes in the ecology and the environment of the Japan. The wild boar famine opens a new window for the Japanese and actually teaches them to grow their economy. These boar famines open an opportunity for the Japanese towards animal hinting and this leads from non-cash crop-cultivation to cash-crop cultivation. After this, the political rise in Japan actually leads to a commercial economy in the Japan2. In early seventieth century the Japan was unable to know little about non-cash foods. Their most of the hunger need is filled by the Famine wild boar and other hunting’s of animals. Later, with change in the environment and weather the concept of countryside people changes and they start growing their non-cash food to fulfill the needs of Japanese population. In 1667, Hachinohe emerges the concept of shipping in Japan which starts the local industry in Japan. Later with time, a shipping network was formed by the Japanese which revolutionized the local industry formation within the Japan country. With this, the development of cities within the Japan took place that directly effects the growth of foodstuff to fulfill the need of hunger3. Due to this the need of fertilization increases and thus the shipping industry starts importing the fertilizers for the farmers. Thus, this was a new era for Japanese where the non-cash crops were cultivated at wider area. Whereas, the cash crop was cultivated by the Japanese who are very wealthy and want to augment their business. With time, the wealth of each individual when start increasing, the cash-crop was taken by the farmers in their account to become more rich. These cash-crops were cotton, mulberry and soybean. The character of soybean plays an important role within the Japanese industry as the soybean and its products were mainly used in European countries therefore, the Japanese were the major exporter of soybean. With this increase in cash and non cash crops the Japanese get more understanding about the high protein and low protein foods. Therefore, Japanese farmers start cultivating high-protein foods and crops in their fields4. These not only give high class crops and foods to their own population but also increase their wealth as these high protein crops are sold at higher prices. But with time, it was noticed that these soybeans didn’t remain nutritious as it took time to export from one region to another. As the soil of Japanese fields enhances, they start cultivating starchy tuberous-rooted plants. Than later, Shiba wrote in an article that his father make a mixture of rice, salt and wild vegetables and this then start a new concept of food in Japan. This was 1734 when the rice was start cultivating in Japan and different other vegetables and spices are sued to form a mix. At that time Cajun, Creole and jerk was taken to be very precious and special spices used in special dishes. Later these all products were start exporting by the Japanese. It was start of 1800 when a complete concept of food took place in the Japan. When talking about fertilizer procurement and farm management then again it shows that what type hard working the rural populations do. For instance, in the article of Yong Xue he mentioned that night soil was the major fertilizer for the Japanese and providing various examples showing Ming and Shen the famous agricultural used to move around in various regions to find out the best fertilizers for their field. What was the reason behind this action? The changes in the ecology and economics keep the farmers updated about the latest and most beneficiary things for them. Pingwang was the most renowned rice maker in the region and his familiarity was due to his searching of the best. This is all because the augmentation about the environment and its importance, awareness about food stuffs and other productive crops. Most of the economist thought the reason behind this augmentation is the motivation; the people are motivated due to the basic needs of life. In 1749, the chronicle repot that Japanese start facing the problem of plagued and snow causing a great impact on the agriculture of the Japanese. The second month of the lunar calendar was much fair with the Japanese but the third month of lunar calendar sued to create problem for the Japanese and thus this weather continues till sixth months while the last days of sixth months only depend on cold and chilly winds. Within these months the farmers and the Japanese faces different problems5. Most of the field was left without completing the tasks as the plagued used to destroy all the fields. There was no solution for the Japanese except this to take wild game, Aquatic life in their food meals. The wild boar famine was taken by Japanese as their food as they consider it as the protein full food. In 1737, it was the sixth month of lunar year when the officials requested the firearms to kill the wild boar famine to fulfill the need of hunger in Japanese. With time it was noticed that most of the Japanese start their food dependence on the wild boar and thus the rate of wild boar famine reduces with time. This causes again a huge problem within the region of Japan. The people belonging to economics and agriculture start taking different actions to recover this rate as if this continues than the Japanese might be in danger. The problem of Wild boar famines then leads the discovery of grain farming and thus, this was the time when the Japanese economy start growing. Devastating impact was start emerging by the boar and feral pigs. Later different Japanese start the development of pigs and boar and thus their development causes a huge problem to the Japanese farmers. They were unable to keep these animals away from their field. This lead to the hunting of these animals as the farmer was facing 24 hours threat from these animals. With time, these hunting grows and leading to the less number of wild animals in the Japan. Later, Government actions took place to keep these hunting restricted. With growth of economy in Japan, this restriction becomes strict but anyhow the professional hunters do get weapons and time to hunt these animals. As the advancement take place in most of the rural area of the Japan, Japanese start enhancing their knowledge about the night soil and other fertilizers6. As Japanese come to know about the importance of proteins and other minerals they start using the best fertilizer that can provide the best productivity and health to the people. With growth in time, the advancement took place from wild boar to fish, beer and the chopsticks of these meats. The Japanese start in-taking that food that contain maximum proteins and other major minerals and vitamins. This led to the invention of different other products and among them the Japanese tea is famous all over the world. Moving forward, the importance of many nuts arises and give rise to another invention; cultivating the crop of nuts. These all invention is only because of night soil as Japanese know that the night soil contain maximum fat juice and is the wealthiest fertilizer. With all this advancement, the farmers used to search for the better product and for this they travel a lot in many regions to find the best among the best. This lead to the increase in the production cost. Shen the famous farmer still know that he is investing huge amount in the fertilizer but still didn’t stop moving around different regions to find the best fertilizers. This gave an idea, opening of night soil industry in the Japan. This was the first step of industrialization in the Japan. Shen start doing his business in Japan by opening a simple fertilizer industry in the country7. Again as time passes, different farmers and other people start investing in the industrial area and thus this took an emergence of industrialization in Japan. Though, the farmers do face different problems while going out to different regions to buy the products but thanks to the shipping industry that helps these farmers to establish their simple industry in their country. As the country was full of resources and labor, the invention of industries took place in East Asia. The next advancement was the formation of urban areas, the concept of different advance homes and other facilities. Though, in start Japanese face different problems as the government rules and regulations was the major hurdle but later this conflict was also resolved. The overall review of the brief description shows that how the advancement took place in East Asia to become a modern East Asia. The rural areas and the motivation of people lead to the invention of urban areas and industrialization. Though, it took hundreds of year but still much advancement is left to take in account. Broadly, a single country is divided into to main regions, its rural area and urban area. The rural area act as the backbone for the urban area as most of the production and operations are carried out in the rural areas. Other than capital, human resource and equipments, the industrialist mostly depends on the raw material used to produce finish goods. For instance, taking the example of soybean in the Japanese culture, the industrialist depends on the farmer’s soybean production to produce further produce different soybean products. Similarly, the industrialist depends on these farmers to produce cash crop for them. Therefore, the ecology and economics of rural area have great impact on the urban areas. The increase demands and prices of cash crop directly affect the production of the industrialist. Moreover, any defaults and changes in the weather or environment that affects the farmer production directly affect the growth of the urban areas8. This is a crucial fact that each countries growth mainly depend on its agriculture. The countries actually grow through its agricultural system. The more the ecology and economics of the rural areas are enhanced, the more the opportunities for the growth of urban areas are provided. Other than cash crops, the country population mainly depends on the non-cash crops produced in the rural areas. These non-cash crops are the major factor on which the population of an economy depends. The rural area is the part where all the fertilization and cultivation took place. Out of this cultivation a main part is used by the people to satisfy their hunger needs while other major part is used by the industrialist and urban areas to grow their economy. The dependency of urban areas on the rural areas is highest as these rural areas are playing major role in the growth of economy. The fertilizer and farm management was one of the major reasons that affect the urban area economy. It was the enhancement in fertilizers that give rise to the concept of industrialization. Shen reported that when the first fertilizer industry was open in the region, this concept then leads to the invention of different other industries. Still, in Japan most of the growth is dependent on the agriculture as Japanese tea and wine is the most popular cultivation in Japan. Therefore, any change in these cash-crops will defiantly affect the economy of the urban area. Therefore, any change in the ecology or the economics of rural area will directly impact an affect on the growth and economy of the urban areas9. If the rural areas are not provided with the best resources to develop their mechanism and business, than the urban areas might get the lesser opportunities to grow. The industrial region of any country used to degrade the rural areas as they think that these rural people are dependent on them. This is actually a misconception of industrialized people and the realization of the whole chronicle result different. These are the rural area that performing the function of a backbone in any country but most of the industrialist unrealized this fact and degrade the value of rural areas. They are degrading in many ways and out of them one of the major factors is that they are not providing the facilities of life. Among these facilities are the education and growth opportunities for these rural areas. Still around the world more than70% of the rural area is unable to gain the basic life needs and facilities. The reason is that the yearly income of the country is distributed among the urban cities by providing most of the facilities to them. Per income capita of the country is taken by these industrialists as they seem to be the pioneer of the economic growth. But the fact is different, these industrialist are actually depending on the working and growth of rural areas. Other than basic needs of life, the industrialist degrades them by not giving them their real portion of income10. The price levels of different products for which the industrialist depend on rural remain same or a little growth in them. They are not actually providing them the way for growth. Though, the rural areas are the basics of any country but industrialist are still degrading their ecology by destroying their land fertility and giving them less health opportunities. They are trying to enhance the urban ecology by just making the rural area their mark. Though, the modern industrialist landscape is seems to be better but these are destroying the landscape of countryside people. These industrialist are using the landscape for there increase in wealth and used as their resources but forgetting that these landscapes are the major source of income for the rural areas. The rural areas not only depend on these landscapes for their income rather their basic needs of hunger also depends on them. References Brett L Walker. “Commercial Growth and Environmental Change in Early Modern Japan: Hachinohes Wild Boar Famine of 1749.” Journal of Asian Studies 60. 2 (May 2001): 329-52 Brecher, W . Puck. 2000. A n Investigation of Japans Relationship to Nature and Environment. Lewiston, N.Y.: Edwin Mellen Press. C Rosby, AL. Fred. 1972. The Colzlmbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. Ernest Callenbach, (1998) “Ecology, a Pocket Guide” Farris, William Wayne.1985. Population, Disease, and Land in Early Japan, 645-900. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Hanley, Susan B, and Kozo Yamamura. 1977. Economic and Demographic Change in Preindustrial Japan, 1600-1 868. Princeton: Princeton University Press. J.L. Chapman, M. J. Resis (1999) “Ecology, Principal and Applications” Kallan, Arne, and Brain Moe ran. 1992. Japanese Whaling: End of an Era? London: Curzon Press. Michael Begon, Colin R. Townsend, John L. Harper (2006) “Ecology, from Individuals to ecosystem” edition 4th Yong Xue. “Treasure Nightsoil as if it were Gold: Economic and Ecological Links Between Urban and Rural Areas in Late Imperial China.” Late Imperial China 26.1 (June 2005): 41–71 Read More