Globalization Procedure - Essay Example

? Globalization Inserts His/Her Inserts Grade Inserts May 5th, Globalization Introduction Globalization is a procedure that defines the societies, economies of various regions as well as their cultures that integrate via communication, business and transportation, the word globalization is very closely linked with the word economic globalization which occurs when the state economies integrate into a global economy through various things such as investment and technology. It is therefore a combination of technological, socio-culture, economic, biological and political issues. It also refers to the international flow of languages, ideas or common customs via acculturation. Another approach against this view focuses on how globalization has in fact minimized inter-cultural links whereas maximizing the likelihood of global and inter-state clash, this statement leads to the fact that globalization indeed has many facets which eventually influences the world in various ways. (Appadurai, 1996). Industrial Global production markets started surfacing and provided wider access to the international goods for the companies as well as for the customers, more specifically the movement of products and materials within and between state boundaries. In the last fifty years a raise of manufactured products greater than 100 times was recorded since 1950 in global trade. Rise of sevenfold during 2000-2007 was recorded for China's trade with Africa. Financial International financial markets emerged and provided enhanced entrance to external financing for lenders were traded each day for the purpose of increasing investments and business. The port of Shanghai held the title of the busiest port worldwide between 2005 and 2007. (Appadurai, 2001). Economic A world-wide common market was recognized which was based on the exchange of capital and goods. Approximately all renowned international IT companies are located in India and four top IT companies from all over the world were from India and they belonged to the top ten wealthy people and the combined worth of their wealth amounted to 1$160 billion. Compared to China in 2007, India had had 123,000 millionaires while China has 415,000 millionaires. Job Market In the previous years there was no competition in the job market worldwide and the destiny of the employees were tied to the destiny of state economies. However, the case is different today since after the introduction of information era enhancements in communication. As the employees compete in an international market, remunerations are not much reliant on the breakdown or achievement of the economies and this had a huge impact on the income and distribution. Political According to number of people, globalization is the development of the global government that controls the relationship with the other governments and also supports them by providing the rights that occur due to the social and economic globalization. Among all the global powers worldwide, US is very influential politically because of its strong economy as well as wealth and China has experienced a lot of growth because of the US support. Moreover, US is also playing a major role in the development of the other economies because of its support and contribution in terms of dollars which it is providing to those economies. A number of scholars name globalization as the alteration sovereignty and they say that it reduces taxonomy and the control of national sovereign powers. (Appadurai, 2006). Informational Satellites and communication being done through fibre optic has increased the number of telephones and internet available because of which the flow of information between the distant areas has also increased. Language The most spoken language is Mandarin followed by Spanish and English and 40% of the radio programs are in English which shows that the language is very dominant and this is the most common language which is found on the Internet. Competition In order to survive the competition in the world trade market and improved productivity it is a must a must to form strategies, due to the global market competition organizations in different sectors an also to enhance the goods and the utilization of technology in skilled manner in order to compete with the increased competition. Ecological Global environmental challenges can be resolved with global cooperation. As noted that many industries are being started in the countries which are still developing since they have lesser environmental rules which indeed is leading to increased pollution and causing worse impact on fresh water and marine life. Conversely, it has been said that the developing nations through rules and regulations, be forbidden from escalating their class of livelihood. As known that people from various races live in London and in 2008, 30% of the people living there belonged to a racial group of minority. A recent report states that about 590,000 people entered UK while 427,000 left causing net inward immigration of 163000 in the year 2008. Cultural Cross-cultural contacts escalated due to the advent of latest types of identity and awareness which basically symbolizes cultural dispersal, the aspiration to augment the living standard and enjoy international ideas and goods, take on latest practices and technologies. A number of people argue that diffusion of multiculturalism and enhanced access of individual to diverse culture can be dangerous, as there are chances that the local culture might be displaced resulting in diversity. Some people believe that multiculturalism encourages harmony among the human beings. Another form that because popular is multiculturalism. In nations like UK, Australia, Canada or New Zealand, individuals who have always resided as natives preserve and perform their culture without the feel of any pressure to adopt some other culture and they are proud of it, whereas as the immigrants who are new to the culture simply carry on with their own culture, though a small part of their culture is at times questioning. (Beck, Giddens & Lash, 1994). It has been estimated by WHO that at one time there are about 500,000 persons on planes; more than 922 million arrivals of tourist were recorded in the year 2008, with an increase in growth of 1.9% in comparison to 2007. According to a report provided by IOM, there are over 200 million immigrants (including illegal immigrants) around the globe at present. Current data states that flow of remittance to developing nations by the year 2008 reached to $328 billion. Pop cultures and global trends for instance Numa Numa. Idol Series, Pokemon, Sudoku, Origami, Orkut, Youtube, MySpace and Facebook are available only to the ones having Internet or Television, leaving out a major part of the Earth’s populace. Development of continental hotels is a key result of the globalization course in association with travel and tourism business e.g. Dariush Grand Hotel, Kish, Iran. Some more examples are: global events of sporting such as Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup etc. Multinational companies have also incorporated themselves into new media, Adidas had developed a website with a downloadable rugby game application for its fans to play and compete. (Castells Network Society, n.d.). Technical Formation of a Worldwide Information System, better trans-border flow of data and global telecommunications, utilizing technologies such as the communication satellites, Internet, wireless telephones and submarine fiber optic cable. Legal and Ethical The global administrative law emerged with the creation of international criminal courts, efforts and cooperation increased in terms of raising alertness against global crime activities. (BBC, 1999). Advantages of Globalization Due to globalization people and products are transported with added pace and easiness, the war possibility amid the developed nations reduces and free trade and commerce between them increases. Everyone across the globe is connected via global mass media and as the hurdles to culture decreases, the dream of global village turns out to become a reality. Globalization is basically a diffusion of self-governing standards, because of globalization nation-state interdependence escalates. As there is an increase in the liquidity of capital, countries which are developed can invest in the developing ones, there is also an increase in flexibility for companies operating across borders. Globalization enhances the communication amid the companies and persons across the globe and also enhances the environmental guard in the developed nations. (Castells, 1977). Effects of globalization Globalization has enhanced the flow of information amongst locations that are geographically distant; it has provided freedom to the global common marketplace for the exchange of capital and goods. It has given a wider access for companies and consumers to a variety of products, thus emergence of global production markets. Free movement of individuals belonging from different countries directs to social gain and issues connected to global environment for instance climate changes, cross-border pollution and over fishing are resolved by negotiations. (Holten, 1997). It has forced corporations to follow the standards that are applied internationally, for instance copyright laws, patents and world trade agreements. Borrowers such as national, sub-national and corporate borrowers have an improved access to external funding, thus emergence of global financial markets. Consumer goods that are manufactured locally are exported, migration amid nations increases and diffusion of culture takes place. There is a multiplication and augment in inter-relations of different sacred and religious groups as well as their ways of thinking and practices. Free zones for trade are developed having minimum or no duty, the transportation charges are also decreased because of the development of containerization for ocean shipping. There is a decrease in subsidies for local trade and also reduction in capital controls. A supranational recognition of intangible possessions restrictions are formed i.e. recognition of patents by one country authorized by the other country. (Castells, 1997). Conclusion It is asserted that globalization enhances the economic wealth and prospects in the developing nations, the social liberties are improved and there is a more proficient utilization of resources. Nations who have been engaged in the free trade are at profit, consequently there is more employment, cheaper prices and an improved standard of living. There is a known threat that a number of developing regions prosper at the expense of other regions which are developed, nonetheless doubts as mentioned are more or less pointless because globalization is an affirmative probability in which technologies and skills allow augmenting the standards of living all over the globe. Liberals say that to eliminate poverty and permit the financially unstable persons a strong grip in the international economy, globalization is a proficient tool. Individuals surviving on $1 a day condensed from 1.5 billion to 1.1 billion in the last two years from the year 1981 to 2001, concurrently, the population of the world also increased. Therefore, the proportion of such individuals reduced from 40% to 20% in such developing nations. (Bayly, 2004). Reference Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Appadurai, A. (2001). Globalization. London: Duke University Press. Appadurai, A. (2006). Fear of Small Numbers: An Essay on the Geography of Anger. London: Duke University Press. Bayly, C.A. (2004). The Birth of the Modern World 1780-1914: Global Connections and Comparisons. Oxford: Blackwell. BBC. (1999). Giddens ‘Dimensions of Globalization.’ May 8th, 2011. Retrieved from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/events/reith_99/ Beck, U., Giddens, A. and Lash, S. (1994). Reflexive Modernization: Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order. Cambridge: Polity Press. Castells Network Society. (n.d.). The Network Society and Organizational Change. May 8th, 2011. Retrieved from: http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people/Castells/castells-con4.html Castells, M. (1977). The Urban Question: A Marxist Approach. London: Edward Arnold. Castells, M. (1997). The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Volume II. The Power of Identity. Oxford: Blackwell Holton, R. (2005). Globalization. May 8th, 2011. Retrieved from: http://www.intcul.tohoku.ac.jp/~holden/MediatedSociety/Readings/2003_04/Appadurai.html Read More