Automobile Transmission - Coursework Example

Project Title: control system Modeling Student’s Name College Instructor’s Name Course Name: Introduction The system will have proximity sensors to follow the car in-front, monitoring systems to evaluate driving conditions, and limit peak speed appropriately, and the ability to self-test and ensure that the car is in a safe state to drive before engaging. This system is intended to be rolled out across the manufacturer’s entire range, from small 2-door city hatchbacks to large crew cab utilities and high-performance sports vehicles. It should also be capable of acting as a black-box, recording all relevant information about internal and external vehicle state in the case of a crash. Figure 1: Functional block diagram The system receives a signal and processes it and there is an error, the signal set to the required standards and sent to the vehicle dynamics, which are rectified. Sensors- this will be responsible for measuring the speed, distance, driving conditions, and relative position of the preceding vehicle. When the variables have exceeded the required limit, the response is will show red while green color shows that all variables are correct. Vehicle’s speed sensor: - this senses vehicle’s speed and is fixed to the transmission to provide a signal of low voltage alternating current to the cruise control module. Cruise control module is responsible converting AC signal to a pulse width modulated direct current signal that is usable. It controls the speed by maintaining the set speed by storing the speed under use as well comparing the speed with set target. This control unit then sends this to the actuator which will work with throttle linkage to maintain that speed Actuator: - The main purpose of this is to move the throttle linkage which will maintain the speed. The component is electrically controlled and has step-up motors for managing power supply. It works on the signal send by cruise control module – the intelligent Cruise Control System. When there are changes in speed a signal is transmitted to a computer by a triplex channel, for instance, includes three such channels. After the computer receives the signal, it performs a number of calculations chief of which involves adding signal voltages, before dividing them by the number of channels received. This gives he average signal voltage. Another channel is then added to the three signals, and the four signals then sent to the actuator on the control surface. A series of potentiometers within the actuator then returns a signal to the computer to report the current position of the actuator. This signal is usually a negative signal. When the desired position of the actuator is attained, the outgoing and incoming signals cancel out each other thereby stationing the actuator at its present position. This completes the feedback loop. One end of these cables is connected to the computer and the other to a connector. The whole process majorly involves chain reactions. That is, one computer generates and transmits a signal of its desired action. This signal is transmitted through the cables, to the connector, back to the cables, then through the connector again, then to the cables again and eventually to their intended receiving computer. The feedback signal to the computer ensures that there is information regarding the actuator that is being relayed. This signal is usually appositive signal and it is relayed when the desired results as been attained. These sensors are capable of sensing any changes in variables. These signals cause automatic movements in control actuators thereby stabilizing the fan. Mathematical Analysis When the variables reduces the control unit sends a signal to the computer through a channel. This is to ensure that the signal is received by the computer. The system as two channels one sending signal to the computer and another one sending a feedback to the computer. When the computer receives a feedback it performs some calculations involving adding signal voltages before dividing the number of channels to come up with average voltage. Figure below illustrates the simple feedback loop command of a control system When there are changes in speed a signal is transmitted to a computer by a triplex channel, for instance, includes three such channels. After the computer receives the signal, it performs a number of calculations chief of which involves adding signal voltages, before dividing them by the number of channels received. A series of potentiometers within the actuator then returns a signal to the computer to report the current position of the actuator. This signal is usually a negative signal. When the desired position of the actuator is attained, the outgoing and incoming signals cancel out each other thereby stationing the actuator at its present position. This completes the feedback loop. One end of these cables is connected to the computer and the other to a connector. The whole process majorly involves chain reactions. That is, one computer generates and transmits a signal of its desired action. This signal is transmitted through the cables, to the connector, back to the cables, then through the connector again, then to the cables again and eventually to their intended receiving computer The feedback signal to the computer ensures that there is information regarding the actuator that is being relayed. The mathematical model and the transfer function dynamics modeling is; x(t)= The frequency response of this system x(t) = y(t) = H (j) = K[h (= k ( + m K[h (= k ( + K[h] = k ( + k [h]= (k - Matlab c ( and the equation will be kx(t) = + ky(t) + c ( where the new component part of the equation is c ( in the equation x and y presents the movement of the vehicle and the new component within the system. k = and c = 2 x(t) = + y(t) + 2( 2 8. Use Matlab to plot the frequency response (magnitude and phase), impulse response and step response of the system for the following values of c: a. C = 200 b. C = 400 c. C = 1800 t = 0:.05:60; wn = 1; zeta = 0.1; num = wn^2; den = [1 2*zeta*wn wn^2]; y1 = step(num,den,t); wn = 2; zeta = 0.1; num = wn^2; den = [1 2*zeta*wn wn^2]; y2 = step(num,den,t); wn = 3; zeta =0.1; num = wn^2; den = [1 2*zeta*wn wn^2]; y3 = step(num,den,t); figure(2) subplot(221), plot(t, y1); title('c=200'),xlabel('frequency,rad/s'), ylabel('phase response') subplot(222), plot(t, y2); title('c=400'),xlabel('frequency,rad/s'), ylabel('phase response') subplot(223), plot(t, y3); title('c=1800'),xlabel('frequency,rad/s'), ylabel('phase response') subplot(224), plot(t, y1); title('c=0'),xlabel('frequency,rad/s'), ylabel('phase response') The following shows model in matlab to ‘‘high’ speed and low’ speed. In the model the assumption is that the road section is irregular. The results clearly indicated that the road conditions are much persistent in establishing the models over speed of vehicle. A consequence of such estimations relates to a time and phase that forecasts in advance about the speed. A major problem encountered modeling relates to the speed being naturally unobservable. References Sun Lu, 2002. Optimum design of “road-friendly” vehicle suspension systems subjected to rough pavement surfaces. Applied Mathematical Modelling, Volume 26, issue 2002 Hsu, K, Soong, R, Chen, K &Lan, T, (2013). A Computerized Approach to the Design of Automobile Suspension System Likaj, R., Shala, A., Bruqi, M. &Bajrami, XH (2014).Optimal design and analysis of vehicle suspension system, DAAAM International scientific book. Read More