Hydraulic Services Systems Critique - Case Study Example

Name: Professor`s name: University: Course unit: Date: Table of contents page 1.0 Introduction……………………………………………………………………3 2.0 Water sources…………………………………………………….…………....3 3.0 Case studies……………………………………………………………….…..4 3.1 Case study 1……………………………………………………………….….4 3.2 Case study 2………………………………………………………………….5 4.0 Consideration factors of retrofitting third pipe system………………………6 4.1 Cost ………………………………………………………………………….7 4.2 Safety………………………………………………………………….……..8 4.3 Acceptance…………………………………………………………………..8 4.4 End use type………………………………………………………………….9 5.0 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………..9 6.0 References………………………………………………………………….. 10 1.0 Introduction A third pipe system can actually be described as a pipe system that supplies recycled water from a centralized point to different houses or homes within a city (Anda, Hodgson & Dallas, 2010) . The third pipe system is a water system that has been developed and implemented in the developed nations such as Australia and it sole purpose is to ensure proper water utilization without much unnecessary wastages since this kind of water system supplies re cycled water which cannot be utilized as drinking water. Therefore the major objective of this third pipe system is to supply population within a city such as Melbourne with recycled water suitable for non-drinking purposes. 2.0 Water sources In the modern day world, there’re several water sources whose their qualities vary depending on where they are found. We have the fresh water sources and the salty water sources. Fresh water sources are most preferred since such waters has much domestic and industrial applications unlike the salty water which has to pass through treatment process to remove much of the un need minerals to be viable for use either domestically or in the industries. Under the category of the fresh water sources we have the sources such as the rivers, lakes, groundwater and the springs. Springs offer the best quality of water since the water is normally fresh free from particles and other solid particles. Rivers also have fresh waters but water has accumulated particles solid in nature and some treatment processes to remove micro-organisms are normally undertaken. Some boreholes also offer fresh underground water that is of higher quality when compared to river or lake water. Oceans, boreholes and some springs or rather wells have been established to offer saline water that is not suitable for certain industrial purposes due to the corrosive nature and also saline water is also not very good for drinking purposes when the salt levels are high amongst other minerals found in the water. Such saline waters are normally treated to lower those mineral quantities in the water so as to find its way into the domestic and industrial uses. 3.0 Case studies In every urban setting across the world, there exist the issue of water management which has to be critically analyzed so that efficient methods of water conservation are set up to avert the problem of water pollution and water shortage. Such water conservation has been implemented in Australian cities to conserve the environment. Water recycling is an efficient method of water conservation that nurtures the society towards the right trend since the problem of water shortage is totally eliminated in the urban setting. At Doncaster Hill, class A recycled water is availed to residents of various housing estates. These apartments have been constructed in the manner that a third pipe system supplies water to the Tenants. The supplied water is recycled water that is not favored for drinking purposes but can be used for other domestic purposes such as washing and cleaning. 3.1 Case study 1 The Affordable housing project at the 96-99 Tram road within the Doncaster Hill is kind of a modern housing facility that offers the option of supplying the tenants with the recycled water that flows to the housing project from the treatment plant via the third pipe system. This third pipe system offers the treated recycled water to the vast housing project that sits on a vast land comprising of 98 apartments which means that a sizeable population resides within the boundaries of the housing project. This simply means that a large volume of water is needed for cleaning and washing purposes by the residing population. Therefore to avert a shortage of the fresh drinking water, specialists came up with the option of setting up a third pipe system that could supply class A recycled water to the population living in the apartments since a majority of them are low to middle level income earners. As a policy of the housing scheme which is to have a high environmental and energy conservation efficiency ratings, then introduction and implementation of the third pipe system means that the policy was observed and implemented fully. Therefore we can conclude that a third pipe system is an efficient way of supplying recycled water in an urban setting in any city across the world. 3.2 Case study 2 The second case study is that of the Pinnacle housing project still located in Australia. This is a housing project located at the 632 Doncaster road and covers an extensive land area of 5136 meters squared and the overall height of the extensive building is 36 meters. This notable housing project comprises and overall 158 apartments and its construction were completed in the April of the year 2012. The Pinnacle housing project is a 12-storey building with well constructed water and drainage systems to efficiently cover the needs of the large residing tenant population. Social amenities such as the games courts and provided to the tenant population. In any urban setting with a population residing in a hundred and over apartments, then the issue of water and drainage must the critically analyzed to avert the pollution and water shortage problems. To cater for the large volumes of daily water intended for washing and secondly washing purposes, the modern age specialists and environment conservationists proposed the construction of a third pipe system that would supply treated water that has been recycled to the apartments. The third pipe system was finally constructed and it was ensured that all the apartments within the housing project were supplied with the class A recycled water that extensively catered for the washing and cleaning needs of the large residing population. This supplied recycled water was on use every day of the year round. Therefore the fresh water that is suitable for drinking purposes was extensively conserved and the menace of polluted water was totally solved. It is therefore indeed very true that the constructed third pipe systems within the Australian urban societies proved to be very beneficial, and most of the population supported the ideology of water conservation alongside their national and local governing bodies. It is from this implementation of the third pipe system in the Australian city that other world governments have learnt on the ways to tackle the menace of water shortages in the urban settings through recycled water and feeding it back to the people. Third pipe water system is a modern water of ensured a clean urban environment since it ensures the already bused and polluted water is treated and recycled after which it is channeled through the pipes back to the city for use in duties such as washing and cleaning which are daily chores in every urban home. 4.0 Consideration factors of retrofitting third pipe system There is great viability of retrofitting the existing buildings in the city of Melbourne using the third pipe system in the near future. Once retrofitting of the existing buildings in the city`s residential buildings is completely implemented then the Melbourne city would be fully implementing and supporting the integrated water cycle and management approach. The water dependent systems would be healthy and would alternatively contribute to healthy ecosystems and make the Melbourne city a world class city to live in since such ecosystems would provide the vital breathing and cooling capacity for the great Australian city of Melbourne. Truly water enhances life and is central to living of everything. 4.1 Cost Retrofitting of a third pipe into the existing buildings would come at cost that would be favorable since the project has great underlying profits. Introduction of the third pipe system, would mean that a new pipe channel from the water treatment plant would be layed down, fitting of new pipes into the existing buildings, purchase of new water equipments and many other necessary services and equipments would need to be purchased. This means that a considerable amount of money must be invested in the project. However the payback period of this kind of project is just a short time. This is because the number of persons utilizing water from this third pipe system is enormous hence the payback period is just a short period of time. Secondly, the third pipe system project would last for several decades meaning that it will serve a great role for over a period of time. This means that this third pipe system would help the city go green and less polluted for over a great period of time. Water conservation would also be pre-dominant over an extended period of time. 4.2 Safety Another factor to consider during the retrofitting of the existing buildings with the third pipe system is the aspect of safety. When we talk about safety we entail the safety of the water itself and that of the intended population. The third pipe system is completely safe since the initiation of retrofitting of the third pipe system into the existing buildings does not pose a hazard to the people or the environment. In fact the third pipe system help conserve the environment which we value much for the social and economical reasons. Water provided to the population as a result of this project does not also pose a health hazard to the population. This is because the water provided by the third pipe system is fully intended for the use as washing and cleaning water and not drinking water. Therefore the health aspect of the population is fully considered and respected since the third pipe system water is fully labeled as washing and cleaning water and it is not suitable as drinking water since it is recycled water (Anda, Hodgson & Dallas, 2010) . Finally, retrofitting the third pipe system into the existing building is safe. Retrofitting would simply entail installing or rather laying a new pipe system alongside the existing pipe system in the buildings to offer the recycled water that is suitable for daily domestic chores such as cleaning and washing. It cannot be utilized as drinking water by humans or rather the domestic animals. Therefore we can conclude that retrofitting of the third pipe system posses no health risk to the existing population in the buildings in the city of Melbourne. Retrofitting of a third pipe system should be embraced in the other Australian cities due to the underlying benefits. 4.3 Acceptance The general acceptance from the public about the third pipe system is out rightly okay (Hurlimann & Anna, n.d.). Every resident of Melbourne city is proud about the issue of environment conservation and the water shortage problem. Residents prefer using the third pipe system water for washing and cleaning and the fresh clean water for drinking purposes. By doing so, it was established that a shortage in drinking water would never be experienced since it was more than enough. In every city, much daily water usage was encountered in cleaning and washing. Only little was utilized as drinking water meaning that the current reserves of fresh drinking water would last for the next five or so years. This can only the achieved when the third pipe system is installed. Nobody in the city of Melbourne would experience water shortage during the drought times hence every resident applauded this kind of initiative which would transform the whole city if not the Australian nation. Truly the thinkers and specialists of environment conservation had won the war on environment degradation; it was a success to be emulated in other world cities across our planet earth at this 21st century when dire effects of global warming are finding their way to our daily lives (Omer, 2012) 4.4 End use type The end use of the water supplied by the third pipe system is generally washing and cleaning purpose. In every home, it is arguably true that most of the daily tasks are washing and cleaning, we clean the house floors daily, the windows, the cars and all other objects and surfaces that dust settle on. We wash our clothes, utensils and other objects found in our homes that ought to be clean to support our life in the healthy manner. We water our gardens and flower beds. All these daily tasks can be achieved by utilizing the class A recycled water that in supplied by the third pipe system. Therefore the end use of this kind of water is well known by the society and they feel it is okay to utilizing that kind of water for those daily tasks since there is no health risk associated with that kind of water when it is utilized to realize those cleaning and washing duties. 5.0 Conclusion We can conclude that a third pipe system is a method of water conservation that embraces the spirit of realizing a clean and less polluted environment and this initiative should be embraced by the managements of various world cities so that we can have a clean cities to live in and where the menace of water shortages is never experienced in realm of humankind living. References ANDA, M., HODGSON, N., & DALLAS, S. (2010). Sustainability comparison of third-pipe and seawater desalination systems in Western Australia. Australian Water Association. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/3200/. HURLIMANN, ANNA. (n.d.). An exploration of community attitudes to recycled water use. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/82746. ANDA, M., HODGSON, N., & DALLAS, S. (2010). Sustainability Comparison of Third-Pipe and Seawater Desalination Systems in Western Australia Third pipe systems perform well against desalination. Water : Official Journal of the Australian Water and Wastewater Association. 37, 67-72. OMER, A. M. (2012). Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development. Read More