The Implementation of Modern Buildings in Both Methods - Research Paper Example

?Construction Technology Department: Construction technology Applying Improved Technology and Techniques An exit from the traditional building approach is necessary to enjoy the advances in technology and techniques associated to construction equipment, materials, and methods. New and upgraded construction materials that develop into long lasting buildings can be implemented with innovative contracting mechanisms. The implementation of modern buildings in both methods and construction materials can be achieved through the use construction methods and specifications that diverts from the traditional methods. This new and innovative techniques and materials enhance quality, minimize the time limit of the construction project, and eventually results in lower life cycle costs (Ole, & Karlshoej, 2012).. As the rat race in competition in the construction industry increases to a high level, the construction projects needs a win-win method in order to get the maximal benefit and at the same time sustain the quality for keeping the pace with the quickly evolving market. The methods demands cost control particularly in the project design process, which has a significant role in the procedures and financial management of the project. According to Pauwels, et al, (2009) the adoption of cost control used in many aspects of construction and some skills is important for controlling the cost in the design processes of project construction. The skills and implements could be useful in the construction industry in optimizing the design process and provide beneficial influence by increasing the number of successful projects hence promoting the development of the construction industry as a whole. In these modern times, the competition within the construction industry is always on the increase and the profit margins are continuously reducing. This is because all the investment in respect of construction projects is done with maximal benefit as the bottom-line. In any case the best away for construction companies to keep the high profit as well as position in the market in this dynamic environment, the best techniques and methods are employed as cost control mechanism to the project. The cost control in the financial management aspect of construction is vital in project management in the whole life cycle of a project. The success in managing costs affirms that the by products of ay project is financially viable and worth the trouble. The cost control is a way of expressing business plans in financial terms. This expression in terms of money dimension focusing on the project plan and is a true representation of the maximum amount of money a clients has budgeted for a project. Laying emphasis on the future, they set the foundation for active control management by recognizing components of the project in need of quick corrective actions to achieve the desired outcome. Unfortunately, the limited scope of cost control needs to be addressed. In ordinary circumstances ,cost control procedures are mainly intended to keep the projects expenditure within the project budgets and avoid deviation instead of suggesting possible areas where cost saving can be achieved. This property proves that the project managers must manage an advanced stage of cost control and it is therefore, recommended that the application of cost control in the design process as well as the implementation phase is the best bet ( Ole, &,Karlshoej, 2012). Kestle, &, London, (2002 states that savings in costs can be achieved through planning and design process, because of the role played by the design process, which is vital in the cost control of the construction projects as it, is the foundation of the whole project processes as well as the guide for other process. In the construction project, the design phase cost a paltry 10% of the total project budget ,but it has influences on the remaining 85% of the total budget incurred during the construction process. It is therefore, the key component of the whole project, and its influence over the total cost, duration, human resource, quality, risk, and final result of the project. This comes about as the factor of design cost control. This concept only applies only to construction as compared to other industries, which use cost control while in the executing process of the project, therefore it is more important employ cost control in the design process for the construction industry. In the whole many managers in construction industry are trained professionally, therefore construction technology and cost control to them is about saving money in very process of the construction project; notwithstanding the projects design process budget is also cut. This act has an outstanding influence and harm to the outcome of the project. Hence, this implements of construction technology and cost control and the skills to control the cost in the design processes of any construction project ,enables the managers to work efficiently an effectively Yusuf (Arayici, &, Coates, 2012). Developmental Task 1 a) The trench fill foundation is basically employed in constructions situation where the bedrock is near to the surface which carries the load of the building. The trench fill refers to narrow trenches dug to the required foundation depth and ultimately filled with concrete. This approach reduces the amount of excavation because the access to lay bricks or blocks in the trench is not necessary. Not forgetting the trench is only open for a short duration of time, which ensures a safer site condition. This type of foundation was brought to counter the variable soil conditions in diverse seasons; the trench fill foundation is mostly used when the soil is loose or in a site with a high water table and also in areas with heavy clay and in the presence of trees ( Way, 2009). Figure 1: trench fill foundation B) When constructing a new house, the main principle lies on taking the foundations to a depth, where the influence of existing vegetation or trees is reduced to the minimum. The use of pile and beam foundations is recommended for low-rise building on heavy clay surrounded with major vegetation. The concrete piles are reinforced to a position below the soil zone where the heave occurs. The pile and beams foundation is the appropriate foundation to lay in this area is because of the following reasons; 1. In this foundation large excavations is not necessary and disruption are minimal 2. Its cost effective when the traditional depth exceeds 1.5m 3. The load capacity is high 4. Dig outs can be executed within a short time 5. This system suits for a restricted access 6. The construction of the needle beam is done at a high level if the foundation is deep 7. Frugal design in case the pile centre never exceeds 1.0m Figure 2: Pile and Beam foundation Developmental Task 2 1) The first floor In order for a new building to sustain the structural stability, steel, and other construction materials, tends to be lighter as the building rises to the next floor. The steel used on the lower floor like ground and first floor will be the heaviest pieces installed in the building. The building plan is to begin by installing the tower's facade and cladding after the steel installation proceeds to a much higher level. The floor of the flat must meet a number of requirements in the design and construction. The requirement includes: 1. Strength and Stability-The floor structure element of the building to form a rigid component. Hence must be strong to sustain impact and superimposed live and dead loads 2. The fire resistance by preventing the escalation of fire must not be readily combustible. 3. Damp resistance moisture can keep the floor damp, cool and uncomfortable thus causing rot and decay to the floor surface finish 4. Sound insulation thickness and different type of joints design influence transmission of sound. The degree and level of sound insulation relies on the type of building. 5. Thermal insulation in geographical cold countries, the floor design will establish the type of insulation (Refer to figure 3) 2) The junction between the first floor and the external wall The junction of the first floor is made of concrete while the wall is made of masonry stones. The direct transmission relies on the separating floor construction. The flanking transmission also depends on the documentation of the interfaces between the first floor and external. Both flanking and direct sound needs to consider meeting the desired acoustic performance Figure 3: acoustic detailing at junction between the floor and the external wall with the ASB edge 3) The junction between the floor and an internal wall backing onto another flat The junction between the walls and floors needs to be well documented to limit the quantity of flanking sounds being transmitted. The points to take into account while detailing what is necessary between separating floors and walls (Ole, &, Karlshoej, 2012). 1) The floor treatments must not be regular underneath the separating walls. 2) The floor treatment process needs to be secluded from the walls with a malleable flanking structure 3) Sometimes, installation of additional mineral wool insulation within the wall and in the zone of the junction. 4) Main steelwork must be in direct contact with the ceiling or wall lining boards. The wall linings need to be closed about 5mm above the floor slab. The gap must be filled with acoustic sealant. 5) A deviation head is given at the summit of the light steel dividing the wall to enable relative mobility between the floor and the wall.   New-build & Conversions (not including traditional buildings) Conversion of Traditional Buildings Minimum Airborne Sound Insulation 56 DnT,w 53 DnT,w Maximum Impact Sound Transmission 56 DnT,w 58 DnT,w Figure 4:junction between floor and external wall Figure 5: deep batten floor treatment Figure 6: Acoustic detailing at junction between floor and separating Conclusion Cost control in design phase impacts overall process control, and the dynamic control in a site as well. The process of design starts with a blue print, and then primary designing plan. This is the stage at which costing is very important as mistakes in costing will result in variance analysis and may derail the whole project. Costing should include all the materials, labour, variances and any other costs related to the project as contained in the project blues print (Dossick, Sturts, &, Neff, 2010) References Yusuf Arayici, Charles Egbu, Paul Coates (2012). Building information modelling (BIM) implementation and remote construction projects: Issues, Challenges and Critiques, ITcon Vol. 17, Special Issue Management of remote construction sites and the role of IT Systems, pg. 75-92, http://www.itcon.org/2012/5 Ole Berard, Jan Karlshoej (2012). Information delivery manuals to integrate building product information into design, ITcon Vol. 17, pg. 63-74, http://www.itcon.org/2012/4 Kestle, L and London, K. (2002). Towards the development of a conceptual design management model for remote sites. In C. Formoso & G. Ballard (Eds.), 10th Annual Conference on 'Lean Construction (IGLC-10) (Vol. 1, pp. 309-322). Gramado: Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, 6-8 August. Pauwels, P. Verstraeten, R. De Meyer, R. Van Campenhout, J., (2009), “Architectural information modeling to address the limitations of BIM in the Design Practice”, CIB-W102 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, 17 –19, June 2009 Dossick, Carrie Sturts, and Gina Neff (2010) “Organizational Divisions in BIMEnabled Commercial Construction”, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management Special Issue on Governance and Leadership Challenges of Global Construction, 136(4): 459-467 A.G. J Way (2009). Acoustic performance case study5.steel construction institute. Silwood Park Ascot Read More