Executing, Controlling, and Closing Projects - Essay Example

Project Quality Management Plan 0 Quality is not an add-on feature, but it has to be built-in into a product/service. Quality is defined as the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bares on it the ability to satisfy the given need. Quality, from the user's view quality is 'fitness for use'. Quality does not come for free. An organization should have a quality management system to ensure and assure quality of its products/services. Project Quality Management Plan, also known as Quality Management System (QMS) is a part of organizational management system (OMS).

QMS through Quality planning, Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) and inspection directs and controls all OMS processes to achieve continual quality improvement of products/services supplied by an organization. 2.0 QMS clearly documents the following in Quality Manual of an organization that are necessary for successful quality management:-Quality Policy covering over all intentions and directions of an organization related to quality as expressed by top management.Quality Objectives covering goals related to quality at all functional levels.

Quality plans to focus on operational processes and related resources to fulfill quality objectives.Quality Assurance to provide confidence that the quality requirements of products/services will fulfilled.Quality Control to ensure achievement of quality requirementsInspection procedures to evaluate conformity of product/servicesContinual Quality Improvement focusing on recurring activities to increase the ability of the organization to fulfill requirements through effectiveness, efficiency.Corrective and Preventive actions to minimize non-conformities of products/services through corrective and preventive actionsObjective Evidences through Verification and Validation for conformance of the products/services against laid down requirements specifications.

Infrastructure covering facilities, work environment, equipment and services required for the effective operation of an organization.Project auditing programs, audit criteria, audit evidencePlans and Procedures to evaluate suppliers/vendors external to the organization for procurement of products/services with the required qualityStandards, procedures and guidelines that should be followed Procedures for reviews and audits to report on effectiveness of QMS for higher level managements for continual improvement3.

0 All members at all levels of organization must know their roles and understand what is expected from them to achieve the quality objectives of an organization.4.0 Quality Assurance is process oriented and describes the procedures that will be used to assure that the products/services meet the stated quality requirements. Quality Assurance makes sure that the tasks are carried out the way they are supposed to be done.5.0 Quality control is ensuring that QA procedures are implemented to assure the quality factors are present in the products/service of the organization.

QC is associated with documentary evidence.6.0 Inspection is a method to find out any nonconformity in the final product. Inspection is a post-mortem activity. In any system if the activities of QA and QC are effective it minimizes the number of rejections and hence minimizes the costs of inspection activities.7.0 TopLiance Corporation which sells home appliances shall cover the topics as mentioned under Para 2.0 in their quality manual. The project quality management plan shoulda.

Identify the procurement and sales processes; determine the sequence of the processes and their interactions.b. Ensure uniform implementation of the processes by all their sales agents across multiple states. c. Determine the criteria and methods required to ensure that both the operations and control of the processes are effective.d. Ensure resources, training and information availability required to support the operation and monitoring the processes.e. Monitor, measure and analyze the processesf.

Implement actions required to achieve planned goals and continual improvement of these processes.g. Processes required for management activities, provision of resources, product/service realization and measurement. 8.0 Situations may arise when an organization decides to outsource processes/products/services which effects quality conformance of products/services provided by the organization. Under such cases, outsourced processes/products/services are recorded in Quality management plan to ensure control on the outsourced agencies to achieve required quality.

Management must be committed for quality improvement. Management should ensure customer's focus is given top priority by clearly documenting responsibility, authority and communication channels at all levels of the organization. Customer related process like customer requirements, customer communications, purchasing process, verification and validation of purchased product, service provision, identification and traceability of product/ service, preservation of products, control of monitoring, test/ measuring devices, procedures for analyzing and improvement, control of non-conformities related to product/service should be laid down; customer satisfaction should be given top most priority by analysis of data and implementation of corrective actions, preventive actions must be planned for continual improvement.9.0 As TopLiance Corporation decided to implement on-line sales program, the corporation must ensure and uninterrupted sales service, fault free secured transactions without any inconveniences/losses to the customers as well as to the corporation.

This can be achieved through redundant networking hardware and fault tolerant software. Project Risk Management Plan1.0 Sales of products/services are a complex service. This may involve procurement from bulk manufactures and at distributing through channels to the customers. Unforeseen events may adversely affect the cost/schedule/quality of the products/services. Risk management is an attempt to minimize the chances of failure due to unplanned events.2.0 Risk management covers identification and prioritizing the risks with ratings to initiate actions to minimize the effects of top few risks.

Risk management is pro-active. Cost of risk management may appear to be waste if these risks do not materialize but these costs are an investment to minimize the loss in case the risks materialize. This risks involved in on-lines sales are a. Failure of the products/services to reach the correct customerb. Customer receiving non-conforming products/services.c. Products not meeting the specifications/requirements as per the information advertised.d. Untimely deliveries (schedules) e. Lack of servicef.

Complexity of useg. Not meeting the regulatory standardsh. Unsafe productsi. Work force behavior with customersj. Changing marketsk. Warrantiesl. Product liabilitym. Logistic support3.0 The following are the elements that influence quality of business ManagementOrganizationPersonnel ManagementCustomer satisfactionBusiness integrationSupplier ManagementQualityQuality Policies and proceduresProcess controlProblem prevention detection and correctionSupplier quality processDeliveryDelivery System IntegrationOn time manufacturing delivery systemsPackaging shipping and receivingCostLabor and materialsRates accounting and other costsPerformance processes and communicationProposal and pricingFinancialConditionTechnologyProduct developmentProduct design definitionManufacturing equipment test and reworkSupportOrganizationLogistics support developmentField maintenance supportFor all the above elements there should processes.

These processes can be analyzed by using Fault Tree analysis (FTA), Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), Fish Bone Diagrams, Cause and Effect Diagrams to arrive at processes which result in minimum risks and hence ensures in-built quality business.References:S W Field and K G Swift EFFECTING A QUALITY CHANGE AN ENGINEERING APPROCACHDev G.Raheja ASSURANCE TECHNOLOGIES Principles and PracticesD.H. Stamatis FMEA from Theory to Execution Second Edition Revised and expandedJ.D.

Andrews and T.R. Moss Reliability and Risk Assessment