Biological Aspects of Health & Disease - Research Paper Example

INTRODUCTION According to scientific literary works, Kind A behavior is characterized by an intense and continual drive to achieve goals and a passion to compete. Individualities categorized as Kind A tend to have a chronic desire for external identification and advancement. They are involved in various functions that bring about time limitations. Such personalities have a tendency to speed up psychological and actual tasks with extraordinary psychological and actual performance. These features make for super-achievers and high-powered people Type B actions is usually described as the insufficient Kind A actions. Kind B individualities are comfortable and have a laid-back mind-set and position. They are friendly, recognizing, individual, at convenience, and generally content. They are at serenity with themselves and others. They show a common sense of balance with individuals, activities, and life conditions. They are generally relying on. They concentrate on the strengths of things, individuals and activities. Kind B people are self-encouraging, have inner inspiration, are constant and have enjoyable feelings. They are enthusiastic about others and take simple errors. They have a recognizing mind-set about simple errors and a problem-solving mind-set about significant errors. They are versatile and good associates. The Kind B person is in a position to lead and be led. TITLE Biological Aspects of Health & Disease (Practical Report) TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………. 1 TITLE ………………………………………………………………………………… 1 ABSRACT …………………….…………………………………………………….. 3 AIMS ……………………………………………………………………………….. 3 HYPOTHESES ……………………………………………………………………... 3 NULL HYPOTHESES …………………………………………………………….. 3 METHOD …………………………………………………………………..……… 4 Design……………………………………………………………………….. 4 Participants …………………………………………………………………. 4 Apparatus …………………………………………………………………… 5 Standardized Procedure …………………………………………………… 5 RESULTS …………………………………………………………………………. 5 Descriptive statistics ………………………………………………………. 5 Inferential statistics ……………………………………………………….. 6 DISCUSSION ……………………………………………………………………… 6 Explanation of findings ……………………………………………………. 6 Limitations and Modifications ………………………………………………… 7 Implications and suggestions for further research ……………..…………….. 7 CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………… 8 REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………………… 8 ABSTRACT This study was carried out in order to test type A and type B physiological response to a test that was conducted. Participants were recruited and given a number of questions and two tests and their heart beat rate was recorded on a heart beat monitor. First the initial participants had to be thinned down by a questionnaire that had questions depicting a certain controlled environment and how the participants would react in those situations. The results were tallied and the participants thinned out. The participants reaction during the second stage of the research was evidently shown in their heart rates as those who were agitated recorded a higher heat beat rate than those who maintained their cool. Type A personalities showed a higher rate than type B who relatively kept their coll. It was then depicted that the two have different physiological responses. AIMS The aim of this research is to study type A and typ B personalities as classified by Friedman and Roseman and their physiological response to a relatively mildly stressful activity. HYPOTHESES The hypotheses is that type A personalities perform tasks differently from individuals categorized in type B personalities with a type A recording a higher pulse rate thus showing they are under more pressure. NULL HYPOTHESES Type A personalities perform tasks the same way individuals categorized in type B do and both record relatively equal fluctuations in their heart rate thus showing they are under the same amount of pressure. METHOD Design Observation method was used in this research to collect data. Data was gathered through a series of tests first to recruit participants then to perform the main research title. Interview individuals were chosen randomly and given a test questionnaire to fill out in order to be able to categorize them in the two classifications in the research, type A and type B. The questionnaire involved behavioral responses information about how the individual or interviewee would react in a certain controlled environment specified. The second stage involved checking reactions of participants through their heartbeats over a period of time. None of the interviewees suffered any kind of heart condition or other illnesses and were all fully healthy before, during and immediately after the results, thus no health issues altered the results observed. Participants The target interviewees were my friend of between ages twenty two and twenty eight years old. Of the eight initially randomly selected three were ladies while five were gentlemen. Recruitment to the second stage of the research was done by way of questionnaire to determine what personality type each had. During this recruitment task two of the interviewees were eliminated from proceeding because they scored a perfect seventy eight at the questionnaire therefore showing traits from both personality types and therefore nullifying their involvement in the next stage of the research. The two interviewees eliminated were a lady and a gentleman therefore their elimination left two ladies and four gentlemen to proceed Apparatus The only apparatus used were a heart rate monitor and a stop watch. The heart rate monitor was strapped on the wrist of individuals but had to be made wet in order to increase conduction and be precise in the recorded results. The stopwatch was merely to record the amount of time the tasks were done for. Standardized Procedure I randomly chose among my friends eight people to do the initial stage. I took each of them to a room separately where I gave them a bunch of questions to answer according to how they would react. I then added up their scores in order to classify them in the two categories being researched, category type A and category type B. the participants that passed the had to come the following day and I would strap a heart rate monitor on their wrists and gave them a dot – to – dot test. I would first measure their heart rates before the test, during the test and after the test and record the findings. On each test there was a numbered dot that was missing. On one the missing number was 100 while on the other the missing number was 61. I would also record their heart rate as they searched for the missing number. RESULTS Descriptive Statistics. These are the results recorded after taking the dot – to – dot test. Type A Personality Type B Personality Participant number Personality score PR1 PR2 PR3 Participant Number Personality score PR1 PR2 PR3 002 82 72 94 92 003 52 56 62 63 008 93 81 92 90 001 62 62 65 63 005 84 75 97 87 007 43 73 73 70 From the above results we can draw the following: Type A personality Type B personality Total 283 206 N Mean 94 69 Median 92 65 Mode 92 62 Range 5 15 SD Inferential Statistics The dot to dot test is a task where an individual has to join numbered dots in a sequential order in order to complete a picture set. This task was chosen because it is a mildly difficult task. It will involve an individual using his whole brain to work it out. Some individuals will want to finish it perfectly in the shortest time possible while some will want to have fun doing it. These two approaches will be measured by their heart beat rate that will be recorded by a heart rate monitor that is attached to their wrists. Those that want to finish the task perfectly in the shortest time possible will have a higher heart rate per minute than those who do it to have fun. The results agree with my hypotheses that type A personalities perform tasks differently from type B personalities as is evidenced in the results DISCUSSION Explanation of findings During this research I found that type A personalities have a higher heart beat rate than type B personalities, For the type A personalities, the heart beat rises relatively high as they are performing the task and also seem frustrated when they struggle to find the missing numbers. The high heart beat rate does not reduce after the participants in the type A personalities have finished taking the test. However the shoe anxiousness and agitation. Type B personalities on the other hand have a low heart beat rate that does not change as significantly as they perform the task and after the test. They also hinted a sly smile when they could not find the missing number. Limitations and Modifications The participants being my friend did not take this study as serious as one would think they would expect while doing a research. However I tried to put up an official atmosphere to ensure that they went through with the whole research, which they did. Implications and suggestions for further research If this study is to be repeated, I would suggest the participants be of no relation with the one carrying out the study. I would also suggest improvement of the equipment in order to work with real time results. In stage one of the research the questions should be more in order narrow the participants as accurate as possible. The participants should be a higher number and the study should take twenty four hours or less. CONCLUSION Type A personalities perform tasks differently from type B personalities. Type A personalities show anxiety while type B personalities show calmness. References 1. MYERS, I. B., & MYERS, P. B. (1995). Gifts differing: understanding personality type. Palo Alto, Calif, Davies-Black Pub. 2. "CG78 Borderline personality disorder (BPD): NICE guideline". Nice.org.uk. 28 January 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2009. 3. Linehan, Marsha; Comtois; Murray; Brown; Gallop; Heard; Korslund (2006). Two-Year Randomized Controlled Trial and Follow-Up Of Dialectical Behavior Therapy vs Therapy by Experts for Suicidal Behaviors and Borderline Personality Disorder. 4. Swartz, M.; D. Blazer, L. George, et al. (1990). Estimating the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in the community. Journal of Personality Disorders 4 (3): 257–72. Retrieved 23 September 2007. 5. Friedman, M.; Rosenman, R. (1959). Association of specific overt behaviour pattern with blood and cardiovascular findings. Journal of the American Medical Association 6. Eysenck, H.J. (1986). Smoking and Health. In R. Tollison (Ed.), Smoking and Health Read More