Annotated Bibliography - Research Paper Example

Task Eriksson, N. et al. . Web-Based, Participant-Driven Studies Yield Novel Genetic Associations for Common Traits. PLoS Genetics 6 (6): e1000993. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000993The journal was published in 2010 having been funded by 23andMe Company. The information arises from a study carried out by the company. The article provides a better understanding of the many ordinary human traits on the genetic standpoint. The biggest challenge in uncovering the genetic basis for human variation in most of the widespread human traits comes about during the collection of the genetic and phenotypic information in various organisms.

To achieve the collection of this information, there is more dependent upon the web as a sole source of the relevant information. The web also helps in the presentation of the relevant information to the people participating in the research work. The article studies 22 traits in various genes and identification of the novel relations for the hair morphology. The studies have revealed that most of the human, physical characteristics such as hair morphology can indeed be inherited from the parent organisms.

A survey had been carried out for many people, and together with the company’s examinations, participants revealed associations in certain Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs).Sheka, Sri N. et al. (2008). Linkage and Association Analysis of Spectrophotometrically Quantified Hair Color in Australian Adolescents: the Effect of OCA2 and HERC. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 128, 2807–2814. doi:10.1038/jid.2008.147The article provides the results of investigation by the Genetic Epidemiology unit in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

It shows how the genetic studies of pigmentation have benefited from the spectrophotometric measures of light to dark hair color. The article insists on having accurate reference measurements when carrying out any studies concerning the variations due to the genetic influences. According to the studies, the investigations concerning the hair color have turned to the spectrophotometric measurements, as well as the biochemical quantification. In using spectrophotometric methods, a wavelength of 650nm is used as it has the greatest power to differentiate the different amounts of dermal melanin.

The associations were analyzed that the OCA2 and HERC2 to determine the allele difference in various populations. However, the spectrophotometric method cannot be said to be a confirmation therefore, further methods should be carried out to determine the complement of genes influencing hair color. The study also should determine if the spectrophotometry has any importance over prepared ratings. The study also quantifies the amount of pigments for the light and dark hair. The sequencing of the OCA2 and HERC2 has also been carried out in the research.

Sturm, Richard A. (2009). Molecular genetics of human pigmentation diversity. Oxford Journals. Hum. Mol. Genet.18 (R1): R9-R17. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddp003 The article gives the genetic foundation beyond the variation in different pigment traits of the skin, eyes and the hair colors. The research work has been undertaken to figure out or have a better understanding of the differences in the pigments of the earlier mentioned parts of the human body. In the study, various approaches have been used, and this has brought about several genome-wide relations identified as the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) indicators.

Three Single Nucleotide Polymorphism that is OCA2, SLC45A2 and SLC24A5 impacts on the melanin content have been accessed. From the studies, the number of genes affecting the melanin biosynthetic route provides a better explanation of the diverse human pigmentation. The study suggests that the skin and hair color for humans is largely determined by the melanin substance in the cutaneous cover.