How Will Technology Shape the Future Development of Tourism - Annotated Bibliography Example

How Technology will Shape Future Tourism Industry Development Name: Institution: Date: Dubey, S., & Parihar, P. (2013). Role of internet in sustainable growth of Indian tourism industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 2(2), 186-196. The development of technology processes in the market increases the possibility for increased market success in the market trough increased regulations. The tourism industry is bound to expand in its operations and market influence through increased regulations in the industry. This was evidenced by the above empirical study on the Indian market. The study evaluated the role of internet, a technology aspect in the enhancement of tourism industry sustainability in the Indian industry trough a survey research methodology on the industry organisations. In its hypothesis, the study argued that the industry faced increased sustainability potential for increased government regulation. The study analysis established that through internet access and the increased information and data storage facilities in the industry agencies and organizations, enhanced increased government control in the market. A review of the industry established that the Indian tourism industry has over the years faced increased market control by the government through increased regulations in the market. As such, the study established that the industry faces an increased control potential in the future. Through information availability in the market, the study concluded that the market faces an increased market regulatory and policies success in the long run. As such, the study concluded that technology adoption increases the overall market regulatory framework. The study relied on random sampling technique on agencies data on marketing in the industry. Despite the conclusions developed by the study, it falls short of evaluating the implication of consumer behaviour in the tourism industry as a result of technology changes. The study focuses on the organizational industry changes in the market while neglecting on the functioning of the consumer base. Therefore, this presents a major limitation on the reliance of the study data as a forecasting tool in the tourism industry. In addition, the study has a limitation on the data collection scope. In its review, the study collected data in the Indian market alone. As such, distinguishing factors in the market may make such developed conclusions in applicable in other tourism industries across the globe. Based on the above analysis, it is evidenced that the industry faces an increased marketing and regulatory potentials in the market. Alipour, M., Hajaliakbari, F., & Javanbakht, N. (2011). "The impact of web-marketing mix (4s) on development of tourism industry in Iran". International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(6) The concept of internet role in facilitating increased marketing and organizational marketing functions efficiencies is emphasized in the industry. In this case, the study evaluates the role of internet in facilitating increased marketing efficiency in the tourism industry in the future. The study based its analysis on the Friedman test theory that evaluates marketing activities performance on the basis of the 4S model. The model evaluates selling efficiency in terms of strategy, skills, structure and systems and tools. In evaluating the aspects, the study evaluated tourism organizations in the Iranian market and the implications of internet on their sales approaches through a sample random sampling technique. The study analysis established that the market faces increased ales function efficiency. It concluded that through internet application in organizational marketing, stakeholders considerably reduced o the overall marketing costs in the market. In addition, internet application enhanced reduced marketing processes through increased marketing avenues through the development of a new marketing platform. As such, the study concluded that adoption of technology in the Iranian tourism industry increases the overall organizational sales efficiency. Further, it concluded that the industry faces increased sales efficiency potential in the long run into the future. However, despite the study conclusions on enhanced sales efficiency in the long run, the study failed to evaluate the negative implications of internet on sales. The study hypothesis was based on an alternative hypothesis that technology use enhances efficiency. Therefore, the study fails to reflect on the negative implications of the internet on the overall industry marketing. As such, this review establishes that although the study data analysis and conclusions can be relied upon as valid and representative in the market, it is imperative to evaluate additional reviews in the industry to evaluate and establish the negative implications of such internet applications in the market. Thus, it concludes that the study is a valid literature review in the tourism industry and thus worth inclusion in the literature analysis. Espino-Rodríguez, T.,F., & Taylor, J. S. (2006). The perceived influence of centralising operations in Chain hotels. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 6(4), 251-266 The tourism industry faces a number of increased market challenges one among them control of activities and operations. The tourism industry performance is based on the overall functioning of support industry sectors such as the hotels and restaurants industry. The study was based on the argument that tourism industry performance in the future is based on the success and efficiency in the functioning of the support industries. As such, the study evaluated the role of technology in facilitating efficiency in the hotel industry functioning. The review evaluated the Chain hotels functioning in the market through a stratified sampling technique. The review analyzed the role of technology in facilitating increased centralization processes in the market. The analysis established that the industry faces an increased centralization processes in the market with regard to chain hotels in the market. The study established that the market increases the market increased performance in the industry. It established that the organization increases their overall functioning and efficiency with increased systems centralization in the market. Therefore, the study concluded that the tourism support hotel industry will increase its overall efficiency and performance in the overall market success into the future. The study based its analysis on the review of the chain hotels functioning offering an empirical analysis on organizations offering a comparison between organizations adopting centralized control systems through technology adoption as well as those using manual systems in the industry. Despite the organizational efficiencies established in the market through the application of technology in the hotel industry, the study fails to focus on the technology cost implications in adopting such systems. This creates a major technology limitation in the market. As such, this forms a major study limitation. However, an acknowledgement of the role of support industries performance in the success and operational strategies in the tourism industry makes the study increasingly viable for adoption. The study establishes the role of inter industrial strategic alliances in the market in the development and efficiency performance in the overall market success rates. Buhalis, D., & Deimezi, O. (2004). E-tourism developments in Greece: Information communication technologies adoption for the strategic management of the Greek tourism industry. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 5(2), 103-130. Theoretical arguments have been developed on the concept of technology adoption in the market. As such, a number of industries have developed systems through which a series of the issues in the analysis have been developed. The study was based on the analysis and concept of information and communication technology (ICT) in the market. It adopted a survey model in its review process. Further, the study developed a hypothesis that the market faced increased market success and increased efficiency levels in the market. Through this analysis, the study established that the industry organizations established increased market success rates through the adoption of automated systems such as the online booking systems. Through this approach, the industry faces an increased utilization and efficiency levels efficiency in the market. The study analysis was based on a review of the Greek tourism industry. In this regard, the study analyzed the population utilization of e-tourism concept of tourism industry. Therefore, the study review established that the market faced increased organizational success through systems enhancement and the development and facilitation of increased tourism industry strategic management. Through the concepts of e-tourism in the Greek market, the Greek tourism industry has increased its overall online booking facilities. As such, the study concluded that the market enhanced and facilitated increased market success through online booking that facilitated strategic planning aspects in the industry. Major study strength in the discussed study is its wide application scope in the market. In its study scope, the study evaluated the implications of ICT in the tourism industry. In this case, the focus was not limited to the positive implications but on both the positive and negative implications. Therefore, this enabled the study develop a rational conclusion that ICT adoption has facilitated increased tourism industry efficiency levels. Thus, this literature is included as part of the review due to its study focus wide and inclusive scope. Li-Jen, J., & Lockwood, A. (2006). Understanding the challenges of implementing best practices in hospitality and tourism SMEs. Benchmarking, 13(3), 337-354. Although a series of studies have been developed with empirical evidences on the rational and forecasted positive implications of technology adoption in the tourism industry, a majority of the organizations face challenges in technology application. The study evaluated the current and forecasted potential technology application challenges in the tourism market. In particular, the study evaluated the small and medium business enterprises (SMEs) challenges on a case study research methodology. As such, the study evaluated specific challenges facing the tourism SME businesses technology adoption systems. The study sample was collected from the UK tourism industry. In its analysis, the study established that high investments cost as well as increased labour qualifications requirements served as the key strategic challenges. On one hand, the study revealed that the industry SME business in the market faced increased capital strains sufficient to roll out the technology systems quality required in the market. Additionally, the study revealed that the market faced an increased need for the utilization of highly qualified staff workforce. Through this, the technology and automated organizational systems required an increased the labour costs in the industry. On one hand, organizations have to train the existing labour force to equip with relevant technology knowhow. In addition, the organizations incur increased remuneration costs in the long run. Therefore, the study concluded that such adoption of technology risked the diminish and reduction of SME’s strategic advantages, a trend expected to project and advance into the future. The study has a major strength in its evaluation of the SMEs in the tourism industry. Unlike it, a majority of the tourism industry analysis focuses on multinational and national organizations. Therefore, the study offers a unique approach into the concept of technology implementation and adoption in the tourism industry. Thus, the study findings and eventual conclusions in the market on the strategic competitiveness facing SME’s in the industry into the future forms a viable basis for literature review analysis. The unique study scope offers a rational justification for its analysis and inclusion in the literature review. Appiah-Adu, K., Fyall, A., & Singh, S. (2000). Marketing culture and customer retention in the tourism industry. The Service Industries Journal, 20(2), 95-113. The tourism industry faces increased market competition and sustainable competitive edges threats. Thus, organizations in this industry have resulted to the adoption of strategic alternatives in the market to enhance strategic competitiveness. One such avenue is the enhancement of consumer services quality through product orientation. This theoretical concept formed the basis of the study. The study evaluated the role of technology in facilitating increased consumer satisfaction and retention levels in the tourism industry. As such, the study evaluated the extent to which technology facilitated increased consumer orientation and subsequent satisfaction and retention increase in the tourism industry. The study evaluated tourism organizations in the UK tourism industry. In its analysis, it established that the market faces increased orientation through technology application. The analysis established that organizations applying increased automation processes resulted to the development of increased consumer oriented products and services provision. This was facilitated through the adoption and utilization of the industry based management systems. The systems allowed for the development o an appropriate consumer profiling as well as developing a needs analysis based on consumer traits. Consequently, the information systems allowed for increased management processes in the market. Therefore, the study concluded that the adoption of technology in the tourism industry has facilitated both industrial efficiency and consumer satisfaction and retention. Moreover, the study concluded that, the trend is bound to project into the future. Although the study reviewed the concept of technology adoption in organizations and the eventual consumer orientation merits, it failed to analyze and review on the actual costs of implementing such consumer orientation program in the market. However, the established analysis serves a major step and establishment towards the evaluation and the role of technology in the tourism industry both in the present and in the future. Therefore, this forms a stable basis through which the study is justified for inclusion in the literature study. Chalkiti, K., & Sigala, M. (2010). Staff turnover in the Greek tourism industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 335-359. Despite the increased positive implications of technology adoption in the tourism industry, the adoption leads to labour challenges in the market. The study evaluated the labour challenges especially staff turnover levels I the Greek tourism industry. In this analysis, the study distributed questionnaires through emails to the respective respondents, of which a total of 63 responses were established as valid and utilized in the process. The analysis was based on the theoretical hypothesis that technology leads to increased staff turnover. A review of the various tourism industry including the travel, accommodation and tour guide industrial sectors in the economy. As such, the study established that the diverse sectors in the industry registered increased employees turnover in the market with increased technology adoption. The study developed a conclusion that technology facilitated increased market knowledge and exposure to increased market success. Consequently, the study argued that increased market technology use increased employment opportunities. Technology develops simultaneously with globalization and the emergence and development of multinational organizations growth and expansion. Through such expansion into foreign markets for tourism based organizations across the sectors, employment opportunities and competition for the existing human resource base, staff turnover increases. Existing labour seeks out organizations with better packages and remuneration tools in the industry. Increased technology changes in the market and the subsequent employment opportunities development increased the overall staff turnover levels. Moreover, the study established that none of the industry sectors was an exception to this challenge. Technology development is a continuous process expected to project into the future. Therefore, it would be rational to conclude that the challenge and trend of increased employees’ staff turnover will project and persist into the future A major strength of the analyzed study was its scope of focus. The study evaluated the entire industry sectors. Unlike similar studies that focused on individual industry sectors, the study evaluated factors across the sectors. However, a major limitation of the study is the small number of responses relied upon by the study. In this case, the study relied on a 63 respondent’s base to form its conclusions. This data sample is minimal and may lead to unreliable conclusions that fail to represent the actual industry scenario. Despite these challenges, the study form a valuable base of labour relations analysis thus its inclusion justification. Read More