Internet2 and IPv6 - Essay Example

Internet2 and IPv6 Roll No: Teacher: 31st August 2008 Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Internet2 and IPv6 3 Introduction 3 Internet2 and Internet 3 IPv6 and IPv4 5 The Relation of Internet2 and IPv6 7 Measures for Rolling-out Internet2 and IPv6 10 Affect of Internet2 and IPv6 11 Conclusion 12 References 13 Internet2 and IPv6 Introduction Internet2 and IPv6 are the latest technologies or enhancements of technology that accommodate the users with more benefits as compared to previous technologies like internet and IPv4. This paper discusses about internet2 and IPv6 that are a set of current up to date technology. Internet2 and inter are compared in this paper to find out the differences that are prevalent in the two networks. After the comparison of the two networks, there is a discussion of IPv4 and IPv6. As internet2 is the improved version of internet, likewise, IPv6 is the improved version of IPv4. There is a discussion about the comparison of IPv6 and IPv4. After that discussion, there is the explanation of the relation existent between IPv6 and internet2. With giving explanation about the collaborated option of internet2 and IPv6, there is further discussion about the measures that are adopted for rolling out the internet2 and IPv6. After it, a discussion related to affect of internet2 and IPv6 on consumers, advertisers, governmental institutions, defense institutions and other organizations is presented and lastly, the topic is concluded. Internet2 and Internet Internet2 is the new creation of the Internet or it can be said that it is the enhanced version of the internet. It is an extremely high rated network urbanized by an unprofitable group of universities, industry and government to make the trade of compound information rapid (Matlis, 2006). Internet2 is a conglomerate of more than 300 U.S. academies and universities working with associates from most important business, government agencies, exploration laboratories and international organizations to expand the next-generation Internet (Rodriguez, et.al, 2001). Internet 2 has four main areas of interest and development according to its web site (Varshney, 2000). They are 1) Provision of high performance with high bandwidth 2) Improving collaboration among people and active access to internet resources 3) Provision of new network capabilities such as better QoS, better delivery of multimedia data, etc 4) Provision of a better platform for enhanced research in new technology The Internet2 is a high-speed international network interconnecting research institutions throughout the world (Matlis, 2006). The Internet2 is intended to aid collaborative research by carrying application traffic specific to research. This is different from the largely commercial traffic found on the Internet (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). Internet can be defined as the previous version of Internet2. It is a network that is utilized by means of internet protocols, which enable users from different parts of the world to interact with one another with facilitation and ease. The success of internet to this date depends mostly on protocol (Hossein, 2005). The internet protocol (IP) suite is designed to ease communication between different types of networks and is based on the datagram (connectionless) approach (Matthew, 2002). The transmission commission protocol (TCP) offers reliable communication on top of the datagram service offered by IP. It includes procedures to set up and clear down a connection and to send segments of up to 64 Kbytes in both directions (Moschovitis, et.al, 1999). Internet2 is the enhanced version of internet and is the name of today's technology that is much faster and reliable as compared to internet (Hossein, 2005). Internet 2 is differentiated from Internet in terms of many points. The primary or the main aspect of difference is the speed factor. Internet 2 is to a great extent faster than the Internet (Matlis, 2006). Secondly, Internet2 is currently employed by fewer users due to which, it is considered much more fast as compared to internet (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). Thirdly, it is primarily utilized now days only by a set of universities and research services and a few scattered corporations. Fourthly, while Internet is placed together with a series of telephone lines, Internet2 employs a chain of great-capacity fiber-optic cables (Matthew, 2002). Lastly, Internet2 runs at the data rate speed of 10 gigabytes per second, which is much higher as contrasted to internet, in which we have 4 megabits and people have to make use of cable modem, which supports a little speed (Matlis, 2006). IPv6 and IPv4 As internet2 is the enhancement of internet, similarly, IPv6 is the enhancement of IPv4. IPv6 is the abbreviation of Internet Protocol Version 6. IPv6 is a internet protocol and it transfers data by means of packets (Hossein, 2005). As internet2 comes with more features and development as compared to internet, similarly, IPv6 is the latest version of IPv4 and is much more developed and provides much more capacity for information deliverance (Marsan, 2008). The first feature that differentiates IPv6 from IPv4 is the address structure. IPv6 brings an innovative address pattern, which is divided into two portions, which are header portion and payload portion (Moschovitis, et.al, 1999). IPv6 has an identifier for a set of interfaces characteristically belonging to different nodes. A packet sent to any cast address is delivered to one of the interfaces recognized by that address. Unlike IPv6, IPv4 uses uni-cast and multicast methods (Marsan, 2008). IPv6 is also different from IPv4 in terms of expanded capabilities. IPv6 has enlarged amount of IP address as compared to IPv4, which ranges from 32 to 128 bits. This makes sure that world is not going to run out of the IP addresses (Matthew, 2002). IPv6 provides better security as contrasted to IPv4. IPv6 offers better security and safety measures for the network data. It has bigger packet size and the users are enabled to insert more security information about the data set in it (Hossein, 2005). IPv6 accommodates the users with more capacity. IPv4 relies on very large network addressing schema. It has 2^32 address space. However, IPv6 is huge and keeps 2^128 address space that is enough and more accommodating for larger working systems (Marsan, 2008). Another difference that can be considered in terms of the comparison of IPv6 and IPv4 is the simplified header format. IPv6 has a set of fixed length header, which does not consist of the majority of the alternatives, as an IPv4 header is able to comprise (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). The address is extended to 128 bits in IPv6, which is not the feature available in IPv4. There is a permission for hierarchical arrangement of the address liberty and there is offer enough in terms of approximate addresses for every particle of sand on the world (Matthew, 2002). Another enhanced feature that can be found in IPv6 and is not fully integrated and enhanced in IPv4 is the feature of improved safety and availability of new services or devices that will require manifold IP addresses and enduring connectivity (Marsan, 2008). This feature is not possible with IPv4. A batch of the new IPv6 functionality is constructed into ICMPv6 such as Neighbor detection, Autocue-figuration, Multicast Listener finding, trail MTU detection. These serves are not by birth in IPv4 (Hossein, 2005). The Relation of Internet2 and IPv6 Internet usage is nothing without internet protocol. Similarly, internet2 is not fully efficient and effectual without IPv6. Internet2 utilizes IPv6 for performing of tasks that are related to the information retrieval and information distribution. In addition, internet2 can provide all its services only by making use of IPv6 (Hossein, 2005). As in pervious section, it is mentioned that internet2 provides more security and lots more other features more efficiently and effectively, its provision of all the features and security issue is only possible by the employment of IPv6. Therefore, people's dream to implement internet2 can only come true with the help of IPv6 (Extreme Networks, Inc., 2008). Internet2 and IPv6 are collaborated with one another due to their dependency on each other. They support each other in order to deliver the services (Matlis, 2006). Internet2 network's explanation is related to many areas of technology. The main target of internet2 is the educational institutions and it promises for their assistance and support (Rodriguez, et.al, 2001). It is able to construct reliable networks that undertake compound troubles at lower cost. The developed networks are highly effective and influential for educational customers (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). Customers who are interested in the development of a network with the support of internet2 are facilitated with many benefits as low cost with high usability. Particularly, those customers are appreciated who are looking for to united Internet2 connectivity via IPv6, are really appreciated because the assemblage of internet2 with IPv6 constructs a network that is capable of providing the best services ever (Matthew, 2002). Internet2 applications, enabling video collaboration are better to implement along with the IPv6. VOIP wireless services are supported by internet2 and these services are better to implement via IPv6 (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). The collaboration makes it possible to have a very high speed network for all possible activities. With the employment of IPv6 with internet2, there will be better streaming media support (Extreme Networks, Inc., 2008). The better growth of wireless communication systems over the past years shows an obvious trend towards architectures that will hold up multiple access technologies and kinds of terminals, which are able of alternatively working in the varied radio segments available in the communications (Extreme Networks, Inc., 2008). These access technologies, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), third-generation cellular systems and broadcast networks, such as Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), will thus comprise collaborating mechanism of a compound radio infrastructure, interconnected by a backbone (e.g. an IPv6 and internet2 based core network) and together will function in an optimized fashion that will allow for an improved overall resource management (Park, 1997). This trend is often referred to as systems away from 3G' or '4G wireless systems' and continues to create a center of attention for prominent research concentration (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). Nowadays, streaming videos are the major trend over internet. Internet2 was developed to efficiently provide this service of streaming videos (Matthew, 2002). Collaboration of IPv6 is more effectively supported by internet2 for the provision of these services. Firewall features in internet2 are more effectual if it is used in collaboration with IPv6. The efficacy of IPv6 in collaboration with internet2 for the provision of firewall features is there because IPv6 has better network security features (Hossein, 2005). QoS is more emphasized in IPv6; therefore, the provision of QoS through internet2 is more efficient when it is combined with IPv6. Dynamic Host Configuring is more efficient in IPv6 so incorporating this facility in internet2 can be better supported (Extreme Networks, Inc., 2008). Most people in the networking and Internet world have heard about next-generation Internet protocol IPv6 and internet2, which will replace the highly successful IPv4, the base of the Internet, as we know it (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). IPv6 and internet2 solves various IPv4 challenges, so the transition to IPv6 and internet2 seems quite natural, but it will not be easy. The networking world remains quite complacent with IPv6 because numerous interim solutions to its problems have been developed (primarily NAT (Network Address Translation), to overcome the shortage of globally unique IP addresses) (Varshney, 2000). In addition, network administrators have many fears of replacing the old with not just a single protocol (including complete network renumbering) but also related protocols (such as routing ones), hardware, and software supporting IPv6 and internet2 (Hossein, 2005). However, the time will come when the transition will be imminent. The wise network administrators have already started; they run their corporate or academic networks on the basis of dual-protocol stacks (IPv4 and IPv6). For the rest, the time to prepare and learn the deployment details is now (Extreme Networks, Inc., 2008). Measures for Rolling-out Internet2 and IPv6 For the promotion of internet2 and IPv6, a whole website is developed that provides information about the features and efficacy of internet2 and IPv6. They have promotion policies, which accommodate people to get awareness about the efficacy of internet2 and IPv6 (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). The administrators and developers of internet2 and IPv6 encourage the members of internet2 and IPv6 to give their responses related to the usage of the collaborated systems of internet2 and IPv6. These responses are screened and published so that people can be attracted towards the new technology (Hossein, 2005). Microsoft, which is a corporate collaborator of internet2, is continuously involved in terms of provision of information related to new technology of internet2, new features related to internet2, aspects that are a cause of people's curiosity like IPv6, multicast, safety issues, mutual or joint technologies, uninterrupted procedures and much more (Matthew, 2002). Microsoft is involved in the promotion and advertisement of internet2 along with its collaboration with IPv6, which is very helpful in rolling-out of internet2 and IPv6 (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). Microsoft is also active in enabling the provision of internet2 service on mobile phones and wireless services of the provision of internet facilities (Hossein, 2005). The people who are not currently aware of internet2 and IPv6 are informed about the new technology by means of seminars, websites, articles, magazines and other helpful strategies that accommodate the internet2 service providers in terms of marketing of the enhanced technology (Moschovitis, et.al, 1999). Affect of Internet2 and IPv6 The implementation of internet2 and IPv6 is going to affect consumers, advertisers, governmental institutions, defense institutions and many other organizations because it is the latest technology that has vast chances expansion and implementation. They will boost up the technological development in terms of researching due to which, the people will be interested in research-related reason (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). Most importantly, they will enable people to access leading edging network ability for the national research community. The new technology is helpful in directing network growth efforts to allow a new age group of applications to completely utilize the network for more positive and efficient usage (Matthew, 2002). Working in terms of fast relocation of novel network services and applications to all stages of educational employment and to the broader internet group of people, both nationally and internationally, there will be a huge impact of internet2 and IPv6 technology (Moschovitis, et.al, 1999). They will be generating a national network that will make research & education use better (Hossein, 2005). They will enable new types of network applications for all people on the network, whether they belong to universities, industries or government. Transfer of the new technology to the public will gave people power to access the data and knowledge in an improved and informative manner (Park, 1997). Certainly when a super-speedy version of the Internet becomes obtainable in form of internet2, particularly to young public and to college students, there will be a profound influence on educational and governmental institutions (Moschovitis, et.al, 1999). Any technology that effects educational institutions necessarily enters in the business sector because the students are the future professionals and they are allowed to get in touch with latest technology so that they can employ it in their future professional lives (Barnes and Jackson, 2002). Reportedly, Internet2 implementation along with IPv6 can let users to download a DVD-quality duplicate of a film in less than 30 seconds of time (Hossein, 2005). In a case reported on June 2005, a smallest amount two divide lawsuits have been proclaimed concerning students who supposedly shared music by means of an Internet2-specific file-sharing website named i2hub.com. Cases like these are probable to come up more in number as the amount of people who have acquaintance with Internet2 rises (Park, 1997). Conclusion Internet2 and IPv6 are improved versions of internet and IPv4 and they are capable of facilitating people with more features and services due to which, they are considered as the future of the world. Comparatively, they are made better and provide enhanced features. Internet2 is better as compared to internet and IPv6 is better than IPv4. When internet2 is used in assemblage with IPv6, the collaborated option provides more services. Internet2 is not so effective without IPv6, so they should be employed in collaboration. They are affecting many places and people currently and are going to affect organizations, institutions, people and other areas in the future. References Barnes, Christopher, and Jackson, Terresa E. (2002). INTERNET2: The Backbone of the Future. Brooks Air Force Base, Tex.: Air Force Research Laboratory. Extreme Networks, Inc. (2008). Extreme Networks Boosts Adoption of Internet2 with IPv6 Enabled Network for Pennsylvania Community College. Computers, Networks & Communications, 1, 107. Hossein. (2005). "The Handbook of Information Security". California: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Marsan, Carolyn Duffy. (2008). Slow move to IPv6 giving NAT a new life. Network World, 28, 13-14. Matthew, Gast. (2002). "802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide". New York: O'Reilly & Associates. Matlis, Jan. (2006). Internet2. Computerworld, 40(35), 30. Moschovitis, Christos; Poole, Hilary; Schuyler, Tami and Senft, Theresa M. (1999). History of the Internet: A Chronology, 1843 to the Present. Santa Barbara, Cal.: ABC-CLIO. Park, Crovella. (1997). "On the Effect of Traffic Self-Similarity on Network Performance", Proceedings of the SPIE International Conference on Performance and Control of Network Systems, 3, 296-310. Rodriguez, Adolfo; Gatrell, John; Karas, John and Peschke, Roland. (2001). 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