StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...
Free

Psychological Variables Relative to Winning Positions - Essay Example

Cite this document
Summary
The paper "Psychological Variables Relative to Winning Positions" attempts to verify of emotional states are able to predict disruption in concentration. Data was collected on the prevailing emotional states of athletes, as well as on the extent to which they felt their concentration was disrupted…
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER93.2% of users find it useful
Psychological Variables Relative to Winning Positions
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Psychological Variables Relative to Winning Positions"

? Reporting Research Results Question Set a: Differences between the performances of top athletes are often so marginal, that their finishing positions seem to be affected by random factors. It is believed that slight differences in performance may be attributable to the athlete’s pre-existing mental experiences. The study in question attempts to evaluate whether athletes who receive the first, second or third place in a sporting event differ with respect to cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence. It is expected that the first place winners should show lower levels of anxiety and higher self confidence. Given that there are three dependent variables that are known to interact with each other (Bandura, 1989); the MANOVA was chosen as the ideal test of analysis. The MANOVA is best used when the dependent variables are moderately correlated; and are liable to affect each other. The omnibus test ensures that there is reduced chance of a Type I error by taking shared covariance of dependent variables into account. The null and alternative hypotheses postulated for this study are: Null Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in the mean cognitive anxiety between the winning positions. Alternative Hypothesis 1: There is a significant difference in the mean cognitive anxiety between the three winning positions. Null Hypothesis 2: There is no significant difference in the mean somatic anxiety between the three winning positions. Alternative Hypothesis 2: There is a significant difference in the mean somatic anxiety between the three winning positions. Null Hypothesis 3: There is no significant difference in the mean self confidence between the three winning positions. Alternative Hypothesis 3: There is a significant difference in the mean self confidence between the three winning positions. Data was collected from 83 athletes of both genders (40 male and 43 female participants) within the age range of 18 to 43 years. The participants were not evenly distributed across the three categories; and data was available on 36 first place holders, 29 second place holders and 18 third place holders. The mean scores, standard deviations and Standard error are noted in Table 1.1 Table 1.1 Descriptive Statistics of Psychological Variables Relative to Winning Positions Dependent Variables Wining Position N Mean SD SE Cognitive Anxiety 1 36 24.17 5.316 0.886 2 29 22.93 6.035 1.121 3 18 24.11 5.040 1.188 Total 83 23.72 5.487 0.602 Somatic Anxiety 1 36 23.56 6.068 1.011 2 29 22.69 6.077 1.129 3 18 23.28 6.515 1.536 Total 83 23.19 6.106 0.670 Self Confidence 1 36 22.61 4.777 0.796 2 29 19.17 4.489 0.834 3 18 18.67 3.970 0.936 Total 83 20.55 4.817 0.529 The data was analyzed using MANOVA, and was tested using all four tests. The F value using the Wilks' lambda was 3.488 which was significant beyond the 0.01 level of significance [Wilks' = 0.777; F (6,156) = 3.488; p Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“Analyse the data sets provided and report the results of the data Essay”, n.d.)
Analyse the data sets provided and report the results of the data Essay. Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/statistics/1439812-analyse-the-data-sets-provided-and-report-the
(Analyse the Data Sets Provided and Report the Results of the Data Essay)
Analyse the Data Sets Provided and Report the Results of the Data Essay. https://studentshare.org/statistics/1439812-analyse-the-data-sets-provided-and-report-the.
“Analyse the Data Sets Provided and Report the Results of the Data Essay”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/statistics/1439812-analyse-the-data-sets-provided-and-report-the.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Psychological Variables Relative to Winning Positions

Mental Development of Special Children

Many risk elements, starting from rank variables like the schizophrenic parent or belonging to below-average socioeconomic status to straight measures of exposure to maltreatment or violence, are well-rooted empirical outcomes of later emerging growth problems, either particular or general in nature....
12 Pages (3000 words) Research Paper

Exploring Employee Motivation at Bureau Veritas

Following are the definitions of motivation given by different authors:- The psychological process that gives behavior purpose and direction (Kreitner, 1995);- A predisposition to behave in a purposive manner to achieve specific, unmet needs (Buford, Bedeian, and Lindner, 1995);- An internal drive to satisfy an unsatisfied need and the will to achieve (Higgins, 1994; Bedeian, 1993)....
42 Pages (10500 words) Dissertation

The Correlation between Physical Appearance and Shyness

In particular, they reminded us that the temporality of relationships among variables cannot be determined with confidence from cross-sectional data; longitudinal data are needed.... Accordingly, inferences about the appropriate ordering of their variables remained speculative....
13 Pages (3250 words) Essay

Attribution Theory, Attribution Process, and Attribution Biases

This article will explore the subject of attribution theory under the following divisions: attribution process; attribution biases; self-serving bias; accuracy in attribution theory; fundamental attribution error; self-fulfilling prophecy.... ... ... ... According to the research findings, it can be said that Attribution Theory focuses on how people while utilizing their common sense, account for their own and others' thoughts and actions while attribution biases concern with commonsense explanations of moral development....
8 Pages (2000 words) Essay

The True Relation of Job Satisfaction and Job Performance

This is the consequence of a study testing three variables: job effort, job performance, and job satisfaction.... Wright and Cropanzano (1997) opine that instead of using job satisfaction as a variable (which is a measure of attitude) that has a direct relationship with job performance; researchers should use psychological well-being or the extent that "one feels good....
5 Pages (1250 words) Essay

The Significance That Economic Ideas May Have to Psychology

According to the paper, life expectancy is higher in countries with a more equitable income distribution and that health may be influenced by relative as well as absolute living standards.... But for a great number of people projection of the emotional psychological value of money far exceeds its relative economic value.... Here, 'economic values relate to a person's individual ideas with respect to the distribution of wealth and to one's own absolute and relative position in that distribution....
8 Pages (2000 words) Essay

The Correlation Between Physical Appearance and Shyness

In particular, they reminded us that the temporality of relationships among variables cannot be determined with confidence from cross-sectional data; longitudinal data are needed.... The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between physical appearance and shyness along with associated psychological issues among students....
12 Pages (3000 words) Research Paper

Organizational Change Management within the Workplace

An interaction was found between two levels of that system - workload (psychological) and occupation position (organizational structure), concerning job satisfaction.... For occupational psychology, this means developing an understanding of how aspects of any organizational system interact with the psychological processes embodied in that system and in so doing refining theory.... everal psychological factors may be identified from the literature which is known to have general associations with job satisfaction, e....
10 Pages (2500 words) Coursework
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us