How Has the Foreign Influence Affected English Football - Research Proposal Example

ENGLISH FOOTBALL: HOW HAS THE FOREIGN INFLUENCE AFFECTED THE GAME Chapter Introduction The focal point ofthis paper is to analyze and evaluate the different aspects of English Football in the last 40 years and how it has changed in the context of the foreign influence and its effects on the game. In other words the issue in question is whether the foreign influence has affected the game in the last 40 years. Aim and Objective This is an important question in the context of the game because during the early days of the century the English football ruled the world and it was believed during that time that it would take at least 100 years for the other nations to catch up with the level of English football. However, things did not turned out as expected and it was found that other nations were actually overtaking the national sports of England with relative ease and it was more evident in the last 40 years. According to the fundamental hypothesis it can be stated that foreign influences has much to do with it. This is where the question becomes extremely important. Football is not only the national sports of England it is also an immensely popular sports in the country. It is fundamentally a heritage of England and the current degradation of this sport is a crisis of the national level and it is important to understand the reason behind this. Chapter 2 Methodology A Qualitative method of study differs from the usual quantitative methods (used in the study of pure sciences) in the sense that it tends to be far more subjective. This is in sharp contrast to the methods used in pure sciences which are exclusively objective. The research methods for marketing are a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods. Being open to qualitative methods of study also allows social scientists to incorporate non-quantitative data (i.e. non-numerical data, such as words, images, gestures, impressions etc.) in their study. Since human beings tend to operate in terms of such data and not in terms of the terminology used in ordinary sciences this broader outlook is far more applicable in the study of social sciences. In keeping with the methodology employed in marketing researches the theories too are formulated and used keeping in mind that they aren't necessarily applicable to all conditions. Be it psychology, history, political science or economics human events are most likely to influence the rules which define the basic theories of a marketing subject. Success in the field of marketing researches can therefore be achieved if and only if it is understood that the subject has no space or opportunity for water-tight methodologies or theories. (Berkowitz, 2004) It can always be stated that Qualitative research is a process that includes interpretative paradigm under the measures of theoretical assumptions and the entire approach is based on sustainability that is depended on people's experience in terms of communication. It can also be mentioned that the total approach is based on the fact that reality is created on the social formulations. It can also be mentioned that the basic target of qualitative research is instrumented towards social context under normal circumstances where it would be possible to interpret, decode and describe the significances of a phenomenon. The entire process is operational under the parameter of interpretative paradigm that can minimize illusion and share subjectivity under contextualization, authenticity and complexity of the investigation. The basic advantages of qualitative measures are multi fold. Firstly, it presents a completely realistic approach that the statistical analysis and numerical data used in research based on quantitative research cannot provide. Another advantage of qualitative measures is that it is more flexible in nature in terms of collected information interpretation, subsequent analysis and data collection. It also presents a holistic point of view of the investigation. Furthermore this approach of research allows the subjects to be comfortable thus be more accurate as research is carried on in accordance to the subject's own terms. (Sen, 2001) However it could be stated that the most basic distinction is between a quantitative or qualitative evaluation. In a quantitative evaluation, the purpose is to come up with some objective metric of human performance that can be used to compare interaction phenomena. This can be contrasted with a qualitative evaluation, in which the purpose is to derive deeper understanding of the human interaction experience. A typical example of a quantitative evaluation is the empirical user study, a controlled experiment in which some hypothesis about interaction is tested through direct measurement. A typical example of a qualitative evaluation is an open-ended interview with relevant users. As a result this method would be used widely. Problems anticipated One of the major problems in this context is the time frame, rather the lack of it. It should be mentioned that a time period of 3 months is not sufficient for a research of this scale. However, it is evident that the research would be done in three stages. The primary stage would be based on formulation and accumulation of literature available. This would take a minimum of one month. The next one month would be dedicated towards collection of data and interviews. The third phase would deal with the compilations of the findings of the last 2 months. Limitations to the research would in fact include many different considerations. Those considerations are inclusive of the number of respondents along with the number of clubs and sports officials in the general vicinity. Other things that limit this research would in fact be the concerns of other levels of awareness including professionals of various genres that are not attending university. Background information in regard to how the respondents learn financial management is limited within the scope of the research and as a result of this the information gained only brings limited reasoning behind the choices in financial management. Certainly, another limitation includes the ready acceptance to answer the questionnaires provided in regard to this research project. The numbers of students willing to volunteer this information even with assured anonymity provided several limitations toward tabulation and calculation accuracy in regard to percentages. Ethical issues Ethical consideration should be put into consideration and implemented always. In instances where officials are to be deployed to work in the community they should not misuse the power and authority bestowed on them. This is because some officers by virtue of being in possession of power and authority; they can continue acting in a coercive manner towards the community. This may damage the public order which in the first place they were supposed to maintain. Officials should not take positions and start protecting their active supporters even when they are on the wrong since this can lead to bad perception of the officials by the public. Chapter 3 Literature Review Literature in the realm of research performed on the advances in English football and the affects of foreign influence would be quite numerous and diverse in their content and methodology. In the different separate studies located, only few would have spanned a time period beyond a decade. The majority of research pieces which focus on the inclusion of theoretical and technological advances in the sales and marking process would actually focus on the overall market segments through fundamental sales and marking levels. The fact that there are not very many advanced research items specifically directed toward English football and the affects of foreign influence would be the main focus of this dissertation. It can well be stated that English football and the affects of foreign influence in today's England are an extremely important factor for any individual or business establishment. This is where the paper English football and the affects of foreign influence come into play. Alongside, it is the mission to become the best possible that would be responsible to employ every arrangements of football formulation that would be at par with the satisfaction limit of the most demanding connoisseur and fan. The most effective method of discussion and understanding the multitudes of studies conducted on sales and marking inclusion of theories and technology would be in the fact that we must first divide the process into manageable segments. These segments are self divided within the research itself. Those pieces include divisions between retailers, wholesalers and manufactures and through corporate operations. The vast majority of the literature would be concentrated from the year 2000 through to the present, more than likely as advances in computer and other electronic technology has managed leaps and bounds in both a ffordability and availability. This is especially true for clubs across the country and there is no reason why it would be not applicable for the English club segments and thus directly relate to English football and the affects of foreign influence. The several research pieces brought into this literature review would in fact be between the years 2000 and 2006. One recognizable difference would be in the fact that literature which remains in the time span since the turn of the century would in fact be the speed, the accessibility and the overall development of systems and the internet itself. These elements, as they become more and more integrated into daily life outside of the audience must be both understood by management and integrated into their game marking processes and procedures to keep the potential fans as well as the managements current in their information capacities. One of the most important texts in this context is Szymanski & Smith's research on the economic perspective of English football named The English Football Industry: profit, performance and industrial structure. This text compiles an entire scenario of the football industry and developes the formulation of involvement of foreigners in this context. Similarly, another such material is S. M. Dobson & J. A. Goddard's text The Demand for Football in the Regions of England and Wales. Though it has been written in 1996 it should be stated that it compiles a huge amount of data related to the football industry but it also covers a good perimeter in the context of history of English football. This is an invaluable material if the background of the development and procedure of the football industry in England is to be considered. Ferda Halicioglu's Can We Predict the Outcome of the International Football Tournaments is a latest work on international football but is extremely relevant to English football and the involvements of international players. A good amount information and data can be collected from this source. Kevin Alavy, Alison Gaskell, Stephanie Leach & Stefan Szymanski's On the Edge of Your Seat: Demand for Football on Television and the Uncertainty of Outcome Hypothesis is a direct communicative work on the English football scenario. This paper provides a huge amount of insight of the industry and makes it possible for future researchers to work on their set principals of operation. Fiona Carmichael, Dennis Thomas, Robert Ward's Team performance: the case of English Premiership football is a research work that looks into the matter of organizational aspect of the game that involves a lot of foreigners and thus it could be stated that this paper is extremely important for the research. Georg Stadtmann's Frequent News and Pure Signals: The Case of a Publicly Traded Football Club, is a work that was published as late as 2006 and deals with the economic principals of the game in context of club football. It clearly enumerates the influence of foreigners in the English game but from an economic perspective. As a result the data provided would be extremely beneficial for this current research. Czarnitzki and Stadtmann's German thesis paper named "Uncertainty of outcome versus reputation : empirical evidence for the First German Football Division or Zentrum fr Europische Wirtschaftsforschung is a very resent and important paper. Though the focal point of this paper is the German football league but it draws a parallel with the English league thus it provides a huge data on the current subject. On the other hand Oliver Grtler, A rationale for the coexistence of central and de central markets in team sports is based on the basic infrastructure of the game and presents a thorough history of the game from the administrative perspective. Stephen Dobson, John Goddard and John O. S. Wilson's League Structure and Match Attendances in English Rugby League is an important work in this context because it represents a parallel structure of game management and deals with the comparison with the English football management along with the effects of foreign involvement in the sport. Lastly the texts by Ferda Halicioglu's Do We Need a New Point System in Professional Football Leagues and Forecasting the Professional Team Sporting Events: Evidence from Euro 2000 and 2004 Football Tournaments are two very important materials and would be very relevant for the study because they specifically deal with the aspects of football management and provides enough data to help the study. Bibliography: Szymanski, Stefan & Smith, Ron (1997). The English Football Industry: profit, performance and industrial structure. International Review of Applied Economics, 11 (1), 0269-2171. S. M. Dobson & J. A. Goddard, 1996. "The Demand for Football in the Regions of England and Wales," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 30(5), pages 443-453, August. Ferda Halicioglu, 2005. "Can We Predict The Outcome Of The International Football Tournaments : The Case Of Euro 2000," Microeconomics 0503008, EconWPA. Kevin Alavy & Alison Gaskell & Stephanie Leach & Stefan Szymanski, 2006. "On the Edge of Your Seat: Demand for Football on Television and the Uncertainty of Outcome Hypothesis," Working Papers 0631, International Association of Sports Economists. Fiona Carmichael & Dennis Thomas & Robert Ward, 2000. "Team performance: the case of English Premiership football," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(1), pages 31-45. Georg Stadtmann, 2006. "Frequent News and Pure Signals: The Case of a Publicly Traded Football Club," Working Papers 0603, International Association of Sports Economists. Czarnitzki, Dirk & Stadtmann, Georg, 1999. "Uncertainty of outcome versus reputation : empirical evidence for the First German Football Division," ZEW Discussion Papers 99-46, ZEW - Zentrum fr Europische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. Oliver Grtler, 2005. "A rationale for the coexistence of central and decentral marketing in team sports," Bonn Econ Discussion Papers bgse4_2005, University of Bonn, Germany. Stephen Dobson, John Goddard, John O. S. Wilson, 2001. "League Structure and Match Attendances in English Rugby League," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 15(3), pages 335-351, July. Ferda Halicioglu, 2005. "Do We Need a New Point System in Professional Football Leagues," Others 0503004, EconWPA. Ferda Halicioglu, 2005. "Forecasting the Professional Team Sporting Events: Evidence from Euro 2000 and 2004 Football Tournaments," Industrial Organization 0508001, EconWPA. Read More