Sexual Differences Affect the Orientation of Gender Terribly - Essay Example

? Criminology Sexual differences affect the orientation of gender terribly much. Scientists and researchers have been able to direct a debate that is considerable to the nature question, about certain differences in the biological sexuality. These differences influence the perception, the interaction, and the type of leadership methods, and how this has affected the study of criminology. This topic has become an area of much interest and somehow a difficult one to define. The differences in the sexuality of people in the society influence the study of criminology in a much greater way, and this in turn, affects this study greatly. The differences in the gender behavior affect criminology, the strength and the ability that women have has been underestimated in the study of criminology. But off late women have started entering the criminology field and they are flooding this field day by day (Walklate, 2007 p25). Scientists have been studying the hormones and the dissimilarities biologically between men and women. The discoveries that have been made to show that women and men experience the world in a remarkably different way; this is entirely based on the hormones of both of the genders. This is because the two genders feel the world in different grades of sensitivity and this in turn makes it totally different for men and women to view the world in the same perception. Women and men have got majorly different brain cells and hormones in the two genders do not work in the same way (Woodworth, 1985 p56). A gender study is a study that is made to focus on the two genders and how they relate to each other. On the other hand, the study also takes in to account how it affects the social, cultural, and ethnic differences. There are several interdependencies that allow the gender study to provide a lot of know how. There are several researches that have been conducted in the past to ascertain the gender differences. These differences can be solved in a better manner, some of the solutions include; the needs for girls and boys can be met in a good way if they are given the educational and the basic needs for growing in an equal basis. Girls should be allowed to do any activities that boys can do. They should be allowed to pursue any form of course like criminology just like boys. This will ensure that there is gender equality and that every person in the society is given an equal chance to pursue their dreams. Women should be allowed to enter in to leadership positions to try and give their ideas to people. They can as well do their duties better just like the men. Criminology is a field that deals with the existence of a crime. This is the study of how to identify a crime, identify the source of the crime, and be able to solve the consequences of the crime. The study of criminology is an extremely vast field that is at the same time interdisciplinary. It acquires its research from the psychology, sociology, anthropology and from law to be able to create theories why the crimes take place. This study is able to identify the social response of the crime to the society. Criminology is then divided in to several other schools of thought whereby each of the schools is able to research the behavior of a criminal mind from a very different perspective. The mastery of the causes of the criminal behaviors, the thought of criminology and its theories is most often utilized in the justice system in trying to solve crimes (Jackson, 2000 p32). In the past centuries, criminology was characterized by feminism, but all this is changing with time. People did not want to involve women in the practice of criminology because they believed that women were weak and could not handle the pressure of investigating crimes, visiting crime scenes. People believed that women could not handle the pressure of prosecuting criminals and be able to sentence criminals to life imprisonment of to death. This is because of the belief that women are weak at heart, and they could not manage to handle such kinds of pressure. Although, in the twenty first century, all this is changing slowly and the feminism acts that were being put on women is being erased from the face of the world. Nowadays women are being involved in the study of criminology. This is because women are able to handle any kind of pressure, sometimes even more than the men can handle. Women on the other hand are able to manipulate crime scenes and be able to acquire the evidence that they require from the dangerous crime scenes (Jackson, 2000 p54). In the literature, of criminology female juvenile has been traditionally been depicted as the sexual harassment. By sexual harassment, we mean a case whereby a man will harass a woman sexually by either looking at the woman provocatively, touch the woman in a highly provocative manner, rape the woman, or abuse the woman in a sexual manner. This is a tremendously large offense, and it is supposed to be punishable at whatever costs. However, recently people have come out in protest to this kind of harassment claiming that this picture is giving the American culture biases and giving inaccurate information about what sexual harassment is supposed to be. This is on the other hand, tarnishing the judicial system that continues to prosecute the people who are accused of committing this kind of crime. There are several feminist theories that have researched upon. These theories have come to show how the feminism has impacted criminology and how this line of study is improving the study of criminology and society at large. Some of these feminist theories include; the liberal feminism. This is whereby all the people in the society are treated as equal. There is a lot of faith in the rationality of the society. The provision of education in the society means to change the education system so that it will be able to fit the women in society. This will give room for women to be able to study and pursue any career of their choice. This theory speaks of the oppression that women are likely to decrease the economy of the state since women are also contributors to the economy growth. The state should look in liberating women by using legislative measures and ensure that the equality law is enforced and put in to action. The middle class ladies and the professional women should be given priority in the government, and they should be also given the opportunity to lead the people and to give their opinions on how the system should work. This is because they have ideas and if they are given a chance, they can use those ideas to transform the society in to a better one. The theory is being enforced by the national action committee on the status of the woman. This is a body that represents more than five hundred feminist oriented groups (Gottfredson, 1990 p67). The socialist feminism This theory speaks of the oppression that women are undergoing. This oppression is mainly caused by the economic dependency of the women. That is the women are limited to specific economic dependency. This theory states how the issues of class and gender should be integrated and made to be one common thing that will benefit the women. The inferior position of women is linked to the class based capitalistic system this should be able to change because the women in this class need to feel appreciated and they need their independence. The women should have socialistic freedom whereby they can be able to socialize freely without being judged or being limited to the capacity of their ability to socialize. This will in turn raise the ability of women to be able to contribute and be able to increase the economy standards. Radical Feminism The oppression of women is truly fundamental to the oppression of the root of all other kinds of oppressions and other isms’. In this theory sexism is the core of the patriarchy of feminism in families. Males have dominated the society and are not ready to give the females any chance to air their opinions about any kind of ideas that will help the society to grow both socially and economically. The state should build institutions that are meant to be used by women only. By doing this, state will be empowering women to be able to make their own decisions and being able to run the institutions. Through this, the women will be perfecting their management skills. The society should figure out a way to restructure itself and be able to accept the women gender and the sexuality of every person in the society. They should embrace the different cultures that are coming up and be able to live with people with the different sexualities. The department of justice should focus more on violence against women like the rapes, incest, pornography and all kinds of domestic violence including sexual harassment. They should be able to eliminate these kinds of harassment and be able to keep the female gender at peace with the society. The postmodern Feminism This theory states that all the women in the society are remarkably different from one another and that they cannot be put in a general manner. In this theory, it states that applying the feminist theory is quite difficult because every person is different from the other. The multicultural Feminism This theory takes aid in recognizing all the other differences in the society not only the gender issue. It takes a lot of focus on including all types of oppression that are gender based class based, sexuality based, and the age of all the people in the society. When combined the gender issue, the racial issue, and even the class issue then women will exploited in a way that no one can be able to explain. The government has to try its best and make sure that they are able to finish this kind of oppression from the society for good (Bohm, 2010 p45). In crime, biological theories have been researched and discovered that they play a crucial role in committing of crimes. One of the most recent biological theories was from an Italian army doctor Cesare Lombroso who based several physical parameters that he had collected from the Italian prisoners. He concluded that criminals could be identified by using certain biological characteristics of their bodies. For example, thin lipped people are likely to commit murders, and people with beaked noses are likely to commit robberies. Before he reached this conclusion he had said that criminals were born with the criminal minds, but he later changed his conclusion to say that only forty percent of the criminals were born criminals, and the rest were developed by their biological bodies and the physical states of their bodies. Another scientist, Charles Goring in 1913 made a research and did not find the conclusions of Lombroso to be true. He however, concluded that the convicts had an extremely low level of intelligence which he pointed out to being genetically. This in turn, made Lombroso’s conclusion to be ridiculed so much. In the twentieth century, scientist David Garland pointed out that criminology was pointing out to the findings of Lombroso’s research and that people who were prone to committing crimes had some sort of resemblance biologically. Another theory was from William Sheldon who in 1942 said that a persons’ physical shape was related to the personality of the person. Then led to the findings of Lombroso and confirmed that a person’s physical and biological appearance was correlated with the ability of a person to commit crimes. Scientists have made a discovery that the chromosomes and the genes of a person have got an exceptionally cogent explanation for the causes of crimes and other problems in the society (Bohm, 2010 p56). Statistics show that the data acquired from a sample of around 40,000 households in every state. A survey is carried out to determine the rates of insecurity and the rate of criminology in the nation. This survey is carried out every year since 1973 to date. The survey indicates that more than seventy percent of the wrong doers get to be prosecuted correctly and they are able to be punished for their mistakes. The young people who have not attained adulthood are taken in to correction facilities where they are able to get help of their problems (Owens, 1999 p200). References Cote, S. (2002). 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Oxford : Oxford University Press. Robert M. Bohm, B. V. (2010). A Primer on Crime and Delinquency Theory. Stamford, Connecticut: Cengage Learning. Siegel, L. J. (2011). Criminology. Stamford, Connecticut: Cengage Learning. Stevi Jackson, J. J. (2000). Contemporary Feminist Theories. Edinburgh, Scotland, UK: Edinburgh University Press. Walklate, S. (2007). Understanding Criminology: Current Theoretical Debates. 1221 Avenue of the Americas: McGraw-Hill International. Woodworth, G. G. (1985). Law and Justice Statistics, Proceedings of the Third Workshop. London: DIANE Publishing. Read More