Congress, presidency, and bureaucracy - Admission/Application Essay Example

Lecturer Bureaucracy, Congress and Presidency Chapter Six This paper discusses the four representation models. Delegate representation entails representative democracy. Constituents choose their delegates for representation in the constituency. The delegates illustrate the voices or aspirations of their constituents. Trustee representation entails choice of delegates by constituents. The delegates have autonomy of making decisions in the best interest of their constituents. Political representation entails the roles performed by elected delegates on issues of importance.

Consciousness representation entails the indirect and direct speech representation. The thoughts are illustrated through direct and indirect means. The bicameral legislature has key benefits. The two parliamentary chambers ensure stable governance. It ensures adequate inclusivity and representation of diverse interests. The two chambers enhance the decision making quality. This is through ensuring that all procedures are approved by both the independent chambers. Article one of the USA constitution ensures the legislative agenda.

The Congress comprise legislature, and has the Senate and House of Representatives. Section 8 illustrates the powers exercised by Congress. The Enumerated Powers is the most significant. The power explains that congress has the authority of controlling commerce and international trade with foreign territories like states, nations or countries (Rudalevige 57).Chapter Seven The president’s cabinet has several roles. One of the key roles entails; providing the president with appropriate advice on subject related to duties of the respective office.

The cabinet comprises the Vice President and the 15 heads of the executive departments. The role of the cabinet has basically remained the same over the years; apart from minimal structural changes in the respective departments. The president has key roles. Five examples of the roles include; Chief of State, Chief Executive, Chief diplomat, Commander in Chief and Chief Legislator. As Chief of State, the president is expected to inspire the Americans. As Chief executive, the president ensures implementation of laws.

The Chief diplomat role entails making foreign policies through the help of advisors. The president controls the armed forces of the United States, in his capacity as the Commander in Chief. The constitution enables the president to influence lawmaking in the Congress. The Executive Office is responsible for the daily implementation of the federal laws. The departments and also agencies have varied responsibilities in the several sectors of the economy. The executive branch has more than four million American employees.

The president is the head of the executive branch (Rudalevige 64). Chapter Eight The original federal departments are; the Department of War, the Post office Department, the National Military Department, and the Department of the Army. These original departments clearly illustrates that the framers valued national security. This is because all the departments aim at defending the United States from both foreign and local enemies. Bureaucracy has key advantages to the federal government. United Sates has two bureaucracies; the civil servants, and the political appointees.

Bureaucracy ensures that the president chooses appropriate political appointees. The patronage enables the president to select occupiers of key positions, such as ambassadorships. Federal bureaucracy privatization has benefits and challenges. Privatization ensures efficiency in service delivery; this is because the private sector is capable of minimizing resource wastages. Privatization also enables the federal government to focus on key functions; such as ensuring national security. However, privatization has several challenges.

The cost of services may increase due to extra quality provided by the private sector. Also, privatization minimizes the federal accountability and responsibility to Americans; for example, provision of essential services (Rudalevige 72).All Chapters Federal bureaucracy is influenced by three main factors. The influencing factors are; sunshine laws, sunset provisions and privatization. The 1976 sunshine act ensures public access to federal bureaucracies. Sunshine laws enable the agencies to conduct regularly public meetings.

The sunset provisions entails the laws that become irrelevant after a given time duration. The provisions ensure accountability by the federal bureaucrats. Privatization takes place when private organizations provide services that were previously performed by the government agencies (Rudalevige 65). Works CitedRudalevige, Andrew. The Presidency and the Political System. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, 2006. Print.