Why Obama's Cyber Sanctions Won't Deter Digital Crime by Hal Hodson - Article Example

Summarizing Articles Summarizing Articles Article d: Why Obamas Cyber Sanctions Wont Deter Digital Crime Vocabulary Word Part OfSpeech Meaning Example sentence Cybercrooks Noun An individual who indulges in criminal behavior with the assistance of using internet as well as computers Cybercrooks attacked my computer and stole my personal information. Cybercrime Verb Any criminal activity that takes place with the assistance of computers as well as networking technologies. Cybercrime in United States is increasing day by day. Malicious Hackers Noun They are individuals who break into other individual’s computers with the purpose of gaining benefits by hurting other individuals. Malicious hackers broke into Sony’s computers and stole their movie. Foreign Hackers Noun These are malicious hackers that hack into computers of people and organizations that are located outside their host nation. Foreign hackers located in Hong Kong broke into computers located in US. Forensic Scientists Noun Investigators of criminal cases who use scientific methods to help in the proceedings of investigations. Forensic scientists helped in solving the suicide case of Julian. Encryption Verb Transforming messages and data in a way so that unauthorized individuals find it difficult to read and understand them. My university uses the method of encryption to protect their internal emails. Malicious Connection Verb This term is used to refer to the various computers that try to connect with another network with intention to do wrong. Recently I have witnessed several malicious connections from different regions trying to connect with my local network. Intellectual Property Noun Refers to the property that has been developed by an individual or organization’s mind such as movies. The movie Interview that was developed by Sony was their intellectual property. Point Summary Obama’s Plan To Stop Cyber Attacks President Obama has planned to stop hackers from stealing the intellectual property of the organizations located in the United States (Hodson, 2015(a)). President has provided power to the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States to implement sanctions on hackers The policy will fail because it is difficult to catch such hackers until the act of hacking is done by an amateur. Alternative Measures And Policies Policies should be made to promote US based organizations to tighten the security of their intellectual property. President can motivate US based organizations to strengthen their computer and network security by using incentives and punishment. Current plan is against the freedoms and rights of the citizens of the people of United States. Officials of US will target all those computer and information technology users with whom they do not agree. Discussion Questions 1. How successful companies in the United States have been able to protect their intellectual property? 2. Are there any recent cases in which the intellectual property of organizations located in the United States has been stolen? Article Titled: Brain Compass Implant Gives Blind Rats Psychic GPS Word Part Of Speech Meaning Example sentence Digital Compass Noun A compass that provides digitalized outcomes regarding the direction of a particular region or object. The digital compass helped me find my way out of the jungle. Neuroprosthesis Noun These are devices that can help in replacing a particular modality in the brain of a living thing that may have been damaged or may not exist at all. Neuroprosthesis helped a blind person see the colors of the world. Artificial Sensors Noun These are unnatural elements that can help an individual in making sense of an individual’s environment. Artificial sensors will enable people with lack of senses to live like normal human beings. Microchips Noun These are small sized circuits that are electrical in nature and are connected to each other on a hard surface. The microchip placed in my cellphone has heated up. Visual Cortices Noun It is that part of an individual’s brain that performs the duty of helping them process and understand information that is in visual form. The visual cortices of Marry were badly damaged due to the head trauma. Computer Interface Noun A boundary in which two systems that operate independent of each other communicate and operate with each other. The computer interface of present day computers are quite good as compared to the period when computers were newly introduced. Electrical Pulses Noun The term is used to refer to the alterations in the levels or intensity of voltage for small period. The electrical pulses in my home elevated to a very high level. Maze Noun It is a puzzle that comprises of several routes that are connected with each other and to solve this puzzle the solver needs to find a smooth route that connects the entrance of the puzzle with the exit. The maze puzzle printed in the newspaper was quite easy to solve. Point Summary Experiment Of Brain Compass Brain compass was implanted in the brains of rats (Coghlan, 2015). This compass helped the rats in locating food and routes. These implants can be really helpful in case of human beings who cannot see. Design And Process Of Brain Compass Contain small sized geomagnetic compass that were connected to that part of a rats brain which enables them to interpret information that is visual in nature. Provide a sense of the surroundings to the rats and this helped them in developing a mental map of a maze. This study does suggest that the brain has the ability to adapt very easily. Future Of Brain Compass Research on impact of implants on the brain is still in its initial stages. Research needs to be conducted on animals before these implants are tested with a human brain. Discussion Questions 1. How can brain compass implants be helpful to human beings? 2. Have similar researches been conducted on other animals and living creatures except rates? Article Title: Will Remote-Controlled Robots Clean You Out Of A Job? Word Part Of Speech Meaning Example sentence Digital Immigrants Noun Individuals who came into this world before the digitalization of the world. Joan is a digital immigrant because he belongs to the era when there were no computers. Robots Noun These are human like machines that are controlled through computers and digital technology to perform various tasks. Toyota uses robots in replacement of human assemblers to manufacture cars. Geographical Constraints Verb These are restrictions that an individual may experience as a result of limited space and scope that is geographical in nature. Due to geographical constraints Abraham cannot go to college. Remotely Adverb The distance between the area in which an action is taking place and the area in which the performer of the action is located. Terrorist use a remote control to remotely detonate a bomb. Smart Robots Noun These are robots that have the ability to carry out functions that previously only human beings could perform. Dexter employed a smart robot to carryout various tasks including serving food and preparing food. Outsourcing Verb The act of obtaining goods as well as services from service providers and manufacturers located in foreign regions. IBM indulges in outsourcing of its customer care jobs to India while operating in United States. Virtual Worker Noun Individuals who are not working in a physically located facility and work with the use of computers and networks. IBM has a team of virtual workers working on its project of launching IBM’s new smartphone. Xenophobia Noun The fear that an individual or a group experiences from individuals and groups located belonging to foreign nations. After 9/11 attacks, Americans have developed xenophobia against individuals belonging to Arab nations. Point Summary Robots Will Replace On Field Workers Robots will be controlled by people living in foreign nations (Newscientist.com, 2014). Robots will perform household chores while being controlled by people located in foreign nations. Parcels can now be delivered to doorstep with the use of robots being controlled by companies. Promise Of Internet Internet promised to reduce the distance between people and nations near to zero. Customer service providers are located in foreign nations and books can be ordered online and delivered at doorstep. Benefits Of Robots Robots can be an alternate to human labor for nations that lack human workers. Challenges Of Introducing Robots Outsourcing has been severely criticized for stealing jobs. Immigrant population will lose their jobs to robots. Protests will be carried out against replacement of human workers with robots. Customers will experience xenophobia. Robots have been found to be non-customer-friendly. Lack of interaction will lead to trust issues. Positive Reception People from the millennial generation have acceptability for new technology. Discussion Questions How will the government react to replacement of low skilled workers with robots? Article Title: Human Cruise Control App Steers People On Their Way Word Part Of Speech Meaning Example sentence Electrodes Noun Are electrical substances with the help of which electricity goes into as well as exit a particular object. Electrodes were attached to his brain to help his brain function properly after the brain injury. Bluetooth Noun A wireless technology which helps in exchanging information and data from one device to another. He used the Bluetooth technology top transfer games from his phone to my phone. Wearable Computing Noun Electrical devices that a use can wear on different body parts and perform functions that a computer is used to perform. Alan uses Google Glass which is a head mounted wearable computing device to communicate with his professor while obtaining training for performing surgery. Subconsciously Adjective The term is used to refer to that state of an individual’s mind in which the individual is not completely aware of what he/she is doing. He slapped the child subconsciously and realized that he had made a mistake. Navigation Apps Noun Software that help in locating objects and finding distance from one end to another. Julian uses a Navigation App in her phone to reach college from home. Smartphones Verb Phones that have ability to perform phone functions and functions performed by computer. He uses his smartphone to play games and listen to songs. Steer Verb Provide guidance or controlling the movement of a particular object or human being. He steered his car in the 32nd lane to reach his home. Sensation Noun The function that is performed by one of the senses of a human being. He experienced a burning sensation as soon as he consumed food that was directly taken off the stove. Point Summary The Research On Human Cruise App Electrodes were added to the legs of various students. All the students walked in the same direction and followed a similar route. Students followed the direction in a subconscious manner. Their direction was controlled with the use of Bluetooth technology and a phone (Hodson, 2015(b)). Electrodes were added to the longest muscle in the entire human body which is found in the legs. The contraction of the muscle made the student change the direction in a subconscious manner. Benefits Of Human Cruise App Provide people with the freedom of mind to focus on different tasks and their surroundings. Sightseeing without thinking about where they are going. Challenges Faced By Human Cruise App People are not ready to accept such an intervention. They experience a tickling sensation which reduces acceptability. People do not want to lose control over their body. Overcoming Challenges Acceptability of wearable devices will help gain acceptability for this device. The sensation of tickling is lost with the passage of time. People are ready to accept if they are able to regain control from the app. Future Plan Develop an app with the use of electrodes to move people in their intended direction without them knowing about it. The app will replace the need for using the smartphone to locate regions. The app can be used to steer people through routes that are most efficient. Discussion Questions Are there any negative health consequences associated with such a system? Article Title: Asian Solar Spending Helps Drive Renewable Energy Boom Word Part Of Speech Meaning Example sentence Global Investments Verb The act of investing capital and money taking place throughout the world. The global investments in food production technology has increased the availability of food throughout the world Electricity Generation Verb The process of developing and producing energy and electricity that can be used to perform daily life activities. New electricity generation tools are helping in replacing non-environment friendly sources of energy with the environment friendly ones. Green Energy Noun It is a term used to refer to energy that is produced through those resources that do not harm the environment. Energy produced through solar power falls in the category of green energy. Solar Power Noun Energy Produced through sunlight. The electricity that is used to operate machinery in Toyota is produced through solar power. Wind Turbines Noun Technological devices that are used for the conversion of energy obtain from wind into electricity. Wind turbines are placed in huge farms to obtain energy from wind to provide electricity to farms. Renewable Energy Noun Energy produced through resources that have the ability to reproduce once they are consumed. Energy produced through sunlight and wind is called renewable energy. Environmental Drawbacks Verb Negative effects on the environment of a particular behavior. Cigarette smoking has various environmental drawbacks. Developing Countries Noun Regions in which people experience lower living standards. Pakistan is a developing country because most of the people in the region do not have access to high quality education. Point Summary Investment Trends In Renewable Energy 50% of the investments in the area of generating electricity have been diverted towards generating electricity through renewable energy sources (Pearce, 2015). The developing regions are investing more in renewable energy. A total of 17% increase in investment in the area of renewable energy has been witnessed. 36% of this investment has been contributed by developing regions. Investments have been made in producing energy through solar and wind power. China is investing more than United States and various other developing Asian nations are investing more in this area. Contributions Made By Developed Regions UK invested heavily in producing energy through wind power but in foreign regions. US is producing 103 gigawatts of renewable energy and this amount of energy is equal to its energy producing capacity through nuclear power. Impact Of Producing Energy Through Renewable Sources Hydro power plants impact the environment in a negative manner. Increase in production of energy through renewable resources has led to decrease in the emission of carbon dioxide. Causes Of Increase In Investment Increase in investment in renewable energy has been motivated due to decrease in the prices of the technology used for producing renewable energy. Decrease in oil prices has no impact on the investment trends of investments in renewable energy. Discussion Question Can renewable energy replace non-renewable sources of energy? References Coghlan, A. (2015). Brain Compass Implant Gives Blind Rats Psychic GPS - tech - 02 April 2015 - New Scientist. Newscientist.com. Retrieved 8 April 2015, from http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn27293-brain-compass-implant-gives-blind-rats-psychic-gps.html#.VSWonPApq9p Hodson, H. (2015(a)). Why Obamas cyber sanctions wont deter digital crime - tech - 08 April 2015 - New Scientist. Newscientist.com. Retrieved 8 April 2015, from http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn27306-why-obamas-cyber-sanctions-wont-deter-digital-crime.html#.VSWWsfApq9o Hodson, H. (2015(b)). Human cruise control app steers people on their way - tech - 02 April 2015 - New Scientist. Newscientist.com. Retrieved 9 April 2015, from http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn27295-human-cruise-control-app-steers-people-on-their-way.html Newscientist.com,. (2014). Will remote-controlled robots clean you out of a job? - opinion - 04 December 2014 - New Scientist. Retrieved 9 April 2015, from http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22429982.300-will-remotecontrolled-robots-clean-you-out-of-a-job.html#.VR0rKEbXenM Pearce, F. (2015). Asian solar spending helps drive renewable energy boom - tech - 31 March 2015 - New Scientist. Newscientist.com. Retrieved 9 April 2015, from http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn27273-asian-solar-spending-helps-drive-renewable-energy-boom.html#.VSb6VfApq9o Read More