Bureaucrats, Politics, and the Environment - Assignment Example

National security assistant behavior should involve strong team ethics, excellent people skills, a reasonable level of fitness, and sound judgment in all situations. Since matters of security are crucial a national security assistant should always be nonpartisan. The bureaucratic politic model deals with advocates for proper accountability; it strengthens participation and also ensures reasoned decision making by giving guidelines to be taken. This model promotes growth in the government as it enhances participation in policy formulations (Waterman,2004).

The war resolution power of 1973 is a federal law that was formed for the intention of checking the president’s power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without congress consent. The resolution was passed by two-thirds of congress, further, it requires the president to notify the Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces to military actions. However, it forbids armed forces from staying there for more than 60 days with a further 30 days withdrawal period. In the past, it has been alleged that the War powers resolution has been violated for instance President Clinton in 1999, on the bombing campaign n Kosovo.

Isolationism is a coherent and complete grand strategy, it involves economic isolation, military, and diplomatic non-intervention and cultural seclusion. In the past, isolation ideas have greatly influenced American foreign policy, most notably in the late 1930s and with disastrous consequences. According to George Herring, isolationism did not become fixed in the American political lexicon way until the twentieth century. Realism just like other social sciences has analysis and prescription. It involves n efforts to explain both behavior of individual states and the characteristic of the international system as a whole.

Realism ontological is given the sovereign state of constitutive components of the international system. Further, it is a self-help system it helps in protecting one state from terrorist groups. This helps the American well being as it ensures the protection of its citizens.There are several primary modes of power through which Congress can shape or originate foreign policy. The first mode is through resolutions and policy statements. In this regard, members of Congress initiate huge numbers of concurrent or simple resolutions that denote the sense of the Senate, Congress, or House on matters pertaining to foreign policy.

These resolutions play an important role in foreign policy by promoting a new idea or launching a new policy. The second mode entails the use of legislative directives employed to start a new program, establish guidelines and objectives. They also mandate the executive branch to carry out stated actions and also earmarking appropriations to be employed in a specified manner. Legislative pressure is another power employed by Congress in seeking foreign policy. In this regard, Congress pressurizes the executive branch towards a new perspective on foreign policy.

Congress perfects this tool by intimidating to approve the legislation.The third power entails funding denials or legislative restrictions. The visibility of Congress in matters pertaining to foreign policy is more evident whenever it has enacted legislative restrictions on the freedom of action enjoyed by the President in foreign affairs.Congress also employs the power of informal advice to the executive informing foreign policy. Moreover, the advice can be extended to the President during meetings where there are no contemplations regarding formal decision making.

Policy oversight offers another means by which Congress determines foreign policy. In this regard, the government conducts regular oversight role over the executive role while implementing foreign policy.