Relationship Between Heat and Temperature - Coursework Example

Heat and Temperature al Affiliation) Introduction The Difference between Heat and Temperature The transferred of energy from warmer system to colder systems is referred to as heat. Heat is related with the kinetic; a disorganized molecular motion, and internal potential energy of a system. Thus, kinetic energy is energy on motion while potential energy is stored. The transfer of heat from warmed system by radiation. The movement of energy always is always from the warmer systems to the colder systems. The moving energy from one system to the other system is what is referred to as heat. There are various mechanisms by which this transfer takes place namely convection, conduction, and radiation. The difference between these mechanisms is mainly the method of transfer of heat (Godfrey, 2001). Temperature is the number that matches the amount of kinetic energy in an object. The introduction of heat in a system makes the molecules move faster. When they move faster, they bump into each other frequently. The measure of the energy of such collision is temperature. Therefore, temperature can result from the introduction of heat into an object. To put it precise; heat is the introduction of energy into a system, and the effect that this has is the increase in temperature. (Cengel, 2003) When heat flows through liquids and solids by vibration, collision of molecules and unrestricted molecules, this process is referred to as conduction. The molecules that are at higher temperature vibrate faster than the ones of lower temperature at the same system or at other systems. There will be a collision of molecules of that are less energized and they transfer part of the energy to the energized molecules at the colder areas of the structure. A good example is the transfer of heat in the body work of a car. There are several thermal conductors in this process, but metal has been regarded the best thermal conductors here (Witt, 2010). Convention, on the other hand, is the transfer of heat currents through fluid (gas or liquid). It is the displacement of various volumes of substance in a gaseous or liquid phase. The heated mass of fluid, for example when in contact with a warmer surface, the molecules are carried away, scattered causing the whole mass becoming less dense. Because this, the warmed is displaced horizontally add/or vertically, while the denser and colder mass of fluid goes down (Gurnis, 2000). The idea is that the low kinetic energy molecules dislodge the high kinetic energy molecules. This process happens continuously making the molecule to transfer heat continuously in the direction of the volume of the colder fluid. Heating water on a stove is an example of this process, the volume will be heated up from the metallic bottom and the density decreases. Because it is less dense, it will shift upwards to the surface and displacing the upper volume which is colder and denser downwards, to the bottom (Rank, 2012). The monsoon circulation causes seasonal change mostly in the direction of the prevailing wind. The shift of wind typically brings about a change in the local weather. It is often associated with rainy season with various parts of the world experiencing different extents of monsoons. The most famous are Asian monsoon, affecting Japan, India, Southeast Asia, and China. Monsoons also help support the life of a majority in central Africa (Cengel, 2003). Monsoons, just like other winds, come about in response to the response to the heating of the atmosphere by the Sun. in a simpler way the monsoons are caused by the difference in temperature between the continents and the oceans. Most likely they form in places where large land masses of the continents meets a major ocean basin. At the time of early summer, landmasses heat up at a faster rate than the ocean waters. The air is then heated with the relatively warm land surface, triggering the air to rise, or convent. An n area of low pressure next to the land surface is produce by the convention of warm air (Tilley, 2007). Meanwhile, air over the cooler ocean water is moist, denser, and under high pressure. As a way to maintain balance the atmosphere moves air into areas of low pressure from areas of high pressure. The flow is continuously supplied by the cooler oceanic air that is sinking from the high levels of the atmosphere. The rising continental air is drawn outward above the oceans replacing the sinking oceanic air in the upper atmosphere, hence completing the cycle. In this manner a large vertical cycle cell is set up, motivated by the solar heating. The resultant at the surface is a constant flow of wind from the sea to the land (Rank, 2012). The situation is reversed during the late fall and early winter. The land surface during this period, cool off quickly in reaction to the cooler weather, however, the same situation characteristics that makes the water slow to absorb heat causes it to cool slowly. The result is a cold continent than the oceans surrounding during winter period. This will set up a new circulation that s in the reverse direction; thus the air over the sea will now be warmer than the one on land, rising and getting substituted by the wind flowing off the continent (Godfrey, 2001). Convention currents also create slow creeping motion in the earth’s rocky mantle. This is referred to us mantle convention and is always as a result of convention currents that are carrying heat from the inner part of the earth surface. A study of the earth surface shows that it is divided into various tectonic plates. These plates are created and destroyed repeatedly. The creation is added as mantle to the growing edges of the plate. The added material is cooled down by convention of heat. The edges then thermally contract and become dense; it then sinks due to the weight in the process of sub duction that happens at the ocean trench. Sub ducted materials sinks to some depth in the Earth’s interior, where it is stopped from sinking further. This triggers volcanism (Gurnis, 2000). Another mechanism of plate movement is slab-pull. Here, the sub ducting plate is colder and denser than its surrounding hot mantle. It pulls the surface part of the plate in the downer direction. (Tilley, 2007). It is also important to realize the role of heat and gravity during ridge pull. The idea here is the cooling and thickening of the plate as it moves from the divergent rock boundaries. During the movement it cools down the asthenosphere mantle to a lithosphere mantle, this process forms a boundary between the two. Onshore and offshore winds are formed by the heating of the earth by the sun. In general, wind formation depends on two factors; the relationship of air density and temperature, and the relationship between air movement and pressure. (Tilley, 2007). The main cause of these winds is the difference in temperature between the ocean and the earth. The earth gets heated during the day. The earth thereafter heats the air, and the heated air rises. When the heated air rises, it is replaced by cold air that comes from the ocean; this is what is referred to as on shore winds. During the nights, the earth cools down, this makes the ocean warmer and so the reversed happens. This is offshore winds. Cold air is clattered together seeking for spots to spread out. This is the reason as to why hot air rises, with the cold air taking its spot spreads out, it gets warm and the process repeats itself several times. In general terms, air movement occurs from places of higher pressure to those of lower pressure. These movements of pressure differences and air occur together, besides neither is the source of the others happening. (Tilley, 2007) References Tilley, B. (2007). Integrated Science. Chicago: Paperback. Cengel, Y. A. (2003). Heat transfer-A Practical Approach (2nd Ed). Chicago: Publisher McGraw Hill. Godfrey, S. (2001). An introduction to ocean circle: Regional Oceanography. London: Randall Press Gurnis, M. (2000). The history and dynamics of global plate motions. Chicago: AGU. Rank, J. (2012). Science Classified. New York: Wiley and Sons. Witt, D. P. (2010). Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (3rd Ed). London: Oxford University Press. Read More