Anthropology - Research Paper Example

Inserts His/her Inserts Inserts Grade Inserts Here (Day, Month, Year) Anthropology Anthropology is the science that deals with the changes that occur in human behavior, characteristics, culture and views over the period of time. It also studies the occurrence of societies and also studies the reasons behind the destruction of different societies. In other words anthropology is an in depth analysis of the past and present of human beings. Evolution is defined as the changes which occur over a period of time such as changes in the depth and flow of rivers, changes in the forms of natures and climatic changes etc.

The term biological evolution specifically defines the changes which occur in the organs, systems and genes of human beings over a period of time. This biological evolution can further be classified into (1) micro evolution (2) macro evolution. Micro evolution includes the small changes which occur in the mechanism of different species. For example due to frequent use of pesticides insects now have evolved an ability to resist them. Macro evolution on the other hand involves the large scale changes that occur in human beings.

It usually involves the creation of new specie or family and the changes which occur in the physical form of organisms over the passage of time. Evolution is the reason due to which we see exceptional similarities and dissimilarities among the members of same families. This evolution occurs due to different reasons which are descent and mechanism of changes. Descent and genetic dissimilarities are the hereditary characteristics that may pass from the parents to off springs and hence cause them to look similar where as mechanism changes are the genetic drift which might occur due to the migration of some species of one family to another and the natural selection due to which different members of a family may survive and others may die and this death may cause changes in the ratios and characteristics of their off springs.

Evolution generally occurs due to different anthropological issues such as climatic and environmental issues. Evolution and anthropological issues are interrelated and they affect each other in various ways. This interrelation can be proved with the help of certain examples. In northern areas the climate became colder over the passage of time and in relation to this climatic change different species became extinct and major changes also occurred in the physical form of various species living there.

This is also known as macro evolution. An evolution that occurred in the mechanism of different insects is that they gained resistance against different pesticides and chemicals due to their frequent use and hence because of this resistance they became immune to such pesticides. This may be referred as micro evolution. Signs of evolution in human beings due to the anthropological issues or environment are (1) Goose bumps: we usually have goose bumps when we feel cold or frightened due to the environmental changes. (2) Wisdom teeth: in the past humans used to eat a lot of plants and in order to eat quickly so that they can get appropriate amount of nutrients human beings needed an additional pair of molars (wisdom teeth) but due to environmental changes the eating habits of human beings have change with the passage of time and due to this our jaws grew smaller and now most of the people do not have the wisdom teeth. (3) Appendix: appendix is now considered as a useless organ but in the past it was used for the extraction and digestion of the plants which were an essential part of our diet at that time but now due to the change in our eating habits over a period of time this organ is considered to have no use and is often removed when it is infected.

In addition to these there are a large number of evolutionary signs which occur in human beings and other species due anthropological issues. Evolution is an important and essential and part of our life. Different changes occur in our body mechanism and organs so that we can adjust with the climatic and environmental changes of our society. The natural, cultural and social changes which keep on occurring over a period of times cause our body to react to them and this reaction causes different changes in our physical form.

Though both these changes occur due to different reasons but they are interrelated to each. And one change usually becomes the reason of the other change “References” Anonymous. "Future Water Geography." 25 May 2011. waterforgeo. 17 July 2011 . Klappenbach, Laura. "Evolution." About.com. 17 July 2011 .