Plaease answer four questions that are in the assignment - Coursework Example

Human Anatomy Human Anatomy submitted) Human Anatomy Answers Part When an individual reaches for a glass of water from a table to bring it to her mouth, it includes movement from the upper extremities through abduction and adduction. These movements are facilitated by the deltoideaus muscles and triceps which adduct the humerus bone to reach while the brachialis or bicep flexes the radius and ulna of the forearm to bring it to the mouth (Thibodeau, & Patton, 2003). The humerus is attached at one large end to the glenoid cavity of the scapula and at the lower end to radius and ulna.

The diarthrodial joint between the forearm and humerus allows a hinge movement with the help of their lubricating fluid for the adduction and abduction movements to be possible (Tortora, 2008). Part 2: As the individual drinks water, the liquid enters the mouth passing through the esophagus to the stomach. From the stomach, the water travels to the small intestines while it begins to be absorbed in the stomach through diffusion and osmosis. The water is carried to the blood stream to continue its travel to the renal system.

It is filtered out of the blood because of gradient pressure and carried to the renal artery to reach the glomerulus. Leaving this body part, the blood’s next destination is the Bowman’s capsule. From here, the water traverses the kidney tubule to approach the collecting tubules. However, not all waste fluid may arrived at the next stop because important substances still has to be reabsorbed back to the blood (Wagman, 1992). The rest which are waste products continue their journey to the collecting tubules until they enter the renal pelvis where they will spend some of their time.

The waste liquid referred to as urine is slowly collected to the bladder to be expelled out of the body when it reaches its maximum amount via the ureters. Part 3: Eating chicken wings associates several muscles like the masseter, temporalis, Pterygoid and intrinsic tongue muscles. Movement like deceleration and acceleration is involved (Bilt, et al. 2006). However other movements are also possible. Mandible is the most active bone while an individual eats but the maxilla and teeth assist as partners in grinding foods.

As the chicken wings enter the mouth, it starts to be punished with the movement of the jaws. The temporomandibular joint allows the mandible to open (Bupa’s health information team, 2010) although gravity also helps to pull open the mandible. Both muscles muscles masseter and temporalis helps elevate and retract the mandible during chewing of the chicken wings and at the same time protracts while causing sideway movements. The buccinators helps hold the grinded chicken wings in between the teeth as the mandible does its function in moving up and down to further pummel it.

Part 4: To trace the path of the chicken wings when eaten starts from the mouth. It leaves the mouth already pounded to enter the pharynx down the esophagus carrying the food to the stomach where absorption is initiated. The grinded chicken wings continue to travel passing through the pyloric sphincter to arrive at the small intestines where final absorption takes place (Billings & Stokes, 1987). Bile from the liver and digestive enzymes from the pancreas meet with the chicken wings in the duodenum section of the small intestine to further digest and absorbed nutrients.

The remnant is passed to the jejunum and finally ileum. Waste and water continue to be propelled to the ileocecal valve to continue its journey to the large intestine where elimination process takes place. It starts in the cecum to the ascending colon then reaches the transverse and descending portion to meet with the sigmoid colon and rectum to be propelled later by peristalsis with the permission of the anal sphincter. Sources Cited Billing, D., & Stokes, L., (1987). Medical-surgical nursing.

Mosby Company. St. Louis. Bilt, VD., et al. ( 2006). Oral physiology and mastication. Physiology Behavior. 89(1):22-7. Bupa’s health information team. ( 2010). Jaw joint dysfunction. Retrieved from http://www.bupa.co.uk/individuals/health-information/directory/j/jaw-joint-problems. June 13, 2011. Thibodeau, G., & Patton, K. ( 2003). Anatomy and Physiology. Mosby. Singapore. Tortora, G., (2008). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. Wiley. New York. Wagman, R., (1992). Medical and Health encyclopedia.

Ferguson Publishing Company. New York.