The Importance of Patient Education in the Quality of Life Diabetes among Patients of Diabetes Type - Assignment Example

PEER REVIEW Name Course Name of professor Name of university State Submission Date Part One: Peer review of another student’s work Based on the provided review, it can be ascertained that the purpose or the focus of the review has been clearly identified and with a clear and concise question. The aim of the review was to examine past literary studies to affirm on whether patient education enhances the quality of life as well as help in the prevention of complications that are as a result of diabetes type among patients aged between 40 and 60. This purpose was comprehensive as it states the aim as well as the target of the review. There has been an extensive review of the possible benefits that can be accrued from the examination of the identified issues. The significance of the review questions has been ascertained and justified with numerous supporting reference materials that also highlight the significance and relevance of the issues to healthcare provision. The references materials used in the review were authentic and the latest resource materials used thus increasing the credibility of the resource materials. Moreover, the used articles were obtained after a closer evaluation of different articles identified from electronic databases and reference lists; the most relevant and appropriate articles were chosen and used for the review. The issue under investigation was of great significance because by being able to demystify the roles and functions of diabetic educators on the wellbeing of the patients; it helps in enhancing the provision of quality healthcare as well as addressing patient’s knowledge gap. Moreover, the review under investigation was also important as it gave possible suggestions that can be embraced while educating patients thus helping in ensuring successful patient education. There has been an elaborate explanation of article search, retrieval, and the choosing process. For instance, it has been clearly stated where the articles search was done which included the Wiley Online Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCOHOST and also the ProQuest Central. Furthermore, it has also been stated that the most relevant and most recent articles were selected for the review. Most of the selected articles were mainly peer reviewed journals. Moreover, the CASP evaluation tool was used to appraise the studies that were reviewed in the study (Ezrin & Kowalski 2011). Screening questions were developed to help in determining the relevance of the articles. This protocol is described in an approach that allows it to be replicated with a clear and concise explanation of the used databases, search terms and also the inclusion criteria used in the study review. Furthermore, the results from the appraisal tools have also been provided. An excellent highlight of the outcomes of the studies that are in line with the set inclusion criteria has been illustrated in the summary table. Despite, the use of screening questions as the critical appraisal tool, other appraisal tools could also have been employed to improve the selection process (Thomas 2013). The synthesis and overview of the research findings flow in a logical manner and the conclusions obtained can be easily traced back from the source documents. For instance, the researcher has successfully assessed sixteen articles. The findings from the articles have been evaluated and compared to a summary table. The summary table is well developed and looks at essential elements of the articles including the aims of the studies, the sample sizes used, methods of data collection used, the major findings as well as the limitations experienced during the studies. The evaluation has been done in such a manner that a comparison can be made from a glance. Overall, the critical review was able clearly to illustrate the need for the systematic review as well as meta-analytic research studies in this study are. Furthermore, the use of the summary table also enunciates the need of using better methodologies. Moreover, the researcher identified five themes in the literature review. The themes are also presented in a logical manner and have been identified and developed based on the studies. The identified themes, for instance, were that educators improved knowledge, the transformation of knowledge into actual or practical strategies, sustainable of knowledge and practical strategies, improvement of the quality of life as well as a reduction in diabetes complications. All of the five themes can be traced back from the research articles used thus it is clear that the researcher managed to provide an excellent overview of the different articles to gain a logical synthesis of the research evidence. The researcher was also able to provide a discussion that provided answers to the study issue based on the evidence obtained from the sixteen articles. For instance, the researcher was able to justify that through patient education, patients suffering from diabetes have now to a larger extent been able to have a better control of their situations through exercise and proper dietary. The researcher was also able to find a solution for the research problem. The researcher was also able to establish that the very first step in attaining the requisite health care condition is through the creation of awareness and knowledge. The researcher also ascertained that by instilling appropriate lifestyles can be a probable solution to the research problem. Another possible solution presented in the discussion section was the new invention where patients can now be able to self-inject or administer insulin into their system. The quality of life could also be improved as when patients are educated on mitigation strategies or prevention and control of diabetes 2 their frequency to doctors or hospitals was drastically reduced. Overall, the discussion is brief and clear stating the major existing gaps from the studies. The provided summary is extensive as it gives a highlight of the major findings from the articles and the different studies. The drawn conclusions were in line and consistent with a recent review by Dixon et.al (2013). Concerning identifying the existing gaps in the market, the researcher was unable to state the possible the current existing gaps directly. However, the researcher was able to identify and state the relevance of the study and practice. In this section, the researcher highlighted some of the significance of the research in the real world. The researcher argues that there is a higher likelihood of increased cases of diabetes due to the increase in sedentary lifestyles as well as the increase of obese and overweight persons. Becker (2001) also argues that this, in turn, reduces the quality of life, increases the possibility of death and increased chances of kidney diseases, skin diseases, and neuropathy among other complications. In this regard, the researcher and as also put forth by Barnett (2012) argues that there has not been a great awareness of patients regarding diabetes and thus a gap in the market. Another existing gap that the researcher indirectly puts forth is the need for longitudinal studies as well as the use of advanced models likely logistical regression to determine the impacts of diabetes education on the risks of developing a diabetes-related complication. The researcher goes ahead to stipulate that there are limited RCTs in the study area, and there is a strong need to have stronger designs in the future to help in the overall quality of evidence on the impacts of diabetes educators on the risk of diabetes complications and quality of life among diabetics for persons aged between forty and sixty years. Consequently, the review has well-justified implications for future research and healthcare practice. At the end of the study, the researcher was able to imply that patient education had led to substantial attainment and improvement of quality life among diabetes type2 patients. Concerning future research, the research recommends that healthcare policymakers, the public health department, hospitals, and all other healthcare stakeholders need to come up with an extensive and well-structured framework for training as well as involving diabetic educators in the decision making exercises and diabetic management teams. There is also need that the government should fund this health promotion campaigns as a way of getting rid or reducing the increasing cases of mortality and morbidity rates among middle-aged persons. Overall, based on the evaluation of the critical analysis review, the review is comprehensive and extensively looks into all the major aspects of the review. Part Two: Feedback about NURS 9222 content Reflections and feedback about review process used in the topic My question of interest was to examine diabetes type 2 among adults in Saudi Arabia it is a trending topic that needs a strong research to fill the existing gaps. The review of the question of interest was reviewed based on the critical review process. The critical review process is of great significance specifically about its depth, clarity as well as the simplicity of the processes used for examining the themes that emerged from the different articles and studies. The process involved in the review is in itself important to the article of research, for it is easy in selection. It gives an in-depth analysis of the review, clear and simple in understanding themes arising from some the studies. It is pointed out that this review aims at identifying the efficiency of a change in lifestyle, part of which is interfering with patterns of diet and physical exercise can help reduce the frequency of diabetes per population of Saudi Arabia; this has also been pointed out by Al-Shahrani et.al (2012). The study tries to show how the cases of type 2 diabetes in the above-mentioned country can be reduced by promoting a healthy diet and physical exercise. A thematic analysis method is employed in the exploration of signs of relations on diabetes and the remedies inclusive of physical activity and dietary behavior (Alghadir et.al 2014). The main themes found are the necessity of exercise, diet, overweight and obesity. Having in mind that my review is only on specific RCTs acquired, I was slow to explaining the connections of findings as theme analysis. In this case, theme analysis may bring about an expectation of use of methods regarding quality when the outcomes are properly categorized as one by application of a process of narration. A cumulative method of review has been employed in this review, whereby the areas of the research study is identified, carefully analyzed and then understood to know the existing information in the region of study. The initial stage in the review procedure involves an inclusive literature exploration, which was done on online sources such as CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and Google Scholar (Al Baghli et.al 2010). An amalgamation of numerous keywords was employed inclusive of type 2 diabetes, intervention, dietary patterns and physical activity. The drawback of my topic is in the absence of exploration that was done in the region that applies directly to main issues emerging from the exercise. The process of review dwells mainly in the imprint information, there is a necessity to acquire supplementary data on what is happening in the region of research. A more serious judgment of studied articles was done by application of Critical Appraisal Skills Programmed (2006) skeleton, whose main mission was to show the dependability, explanation and the thoroughness of the research (Megeid & El-Sayed 2012). The judgment would also include into it the stronger and the weaker aspects of the checked articles. The main weaknesses noted had to do with the sample insertion of small data selected randomly, and challenge –skewed methodology. to avert these weaknesses and limitations, I strongly feel or would have preferred an assignment that is more flexible and open to enable me to have a broader scope to explore my interests other than been confined to past literary studies. The critical review process is restrictive and does not allow for the inclusion of other concepts outside the stipulated guidelines in the review process. I feel that this placed a limitation in the outcome of the review as several different options were not explored. for instance, there is no inclusion of a personal reflection option where the researcher can put forth their arguments regarding the topic of discussion instead the findings of the research study are entirely based on the findings from different research studies and in articles. If I could vary the review process included in the NURS 9222 materials, there could be a slight change in the outcome of the review. Based on the nature of my review and basing the fact that only the RCTs were retrieved, I was hesitant to describe the connection of the findings as thematic analysis. The incorporating thematic analysis could have been essential as it could have helped in setting up the expectations of applications of a qualitative methodology especially when the outcomes or the results were logically categorized by the use of the narrative process. I think that the critical review process in the topic is efficient and effective for amalgamating clinical practice knowledge with evidence from research. I feel that despite there being limited research studies done in my area of study; the current researches conducted on the topic are enough to draw a meaningful review to get an amicable conclusion from the findings. Furthermore, most of the past studies conducted in the area are directly linked to major issues arising in practice. The process is not very effective as it has some loopholes that hinder attainment of an accurate review. For instance, the review process mainly places a lot of precedence on only published literary literature where there is a need to focus or capture more of the occurrences in the practice setting. I think that the review should also be allowed to use other literary materials even those that are unpublished but have been authenticated in the process as they have substantial information that is not contained in the published materials and can thus offer excellent insights into the area of study. Interdisciplinary Practice and Consumer Centred Care The guidelines in the review process to not place a lot of precedence on interdisciplinary practice. However, the guidelines can be modified to incorporate and focus on interdisciplinary practice. The review process I feel need to have an inclusion on the discussion section can be tailored in a manner that asks the author to discuss how the findings can be incorporated to other disciplines that results of the research have an impact on. For instance, in my case I was dealing with diabetes type 2 among adults in Saudi Arabia, the findings and recommendations obtained can not only apply to the Saudi Arabians or hospitals in Saudi Arabia but also the results can be of great significance to other nations as well as other disciplines and institutions. In this way, the review process will have been effectively modified to incorporate interdisciplinary practice. Similarly, the review process can also be modified to incorporate and place a higher precedence on consumer-centered care. In this case the consumers are the patients suffering from diabetes type 2 and thus, the focus of the analysis should only focus on these consumers. I feel that this can also be modified in the discussion section of the review process. It should be made in a manner that the guidelines in the discussion section stress more on consumer choice. Furthermore, the discussion should also be in a position to enunciate on how the consumer choice is related to the findings in the review. Bibliography Al Baghli, N. A., Al Turki, K. A., Al Ghamdi, A. J., El Zubaier, A. G., Al Ameer, M. M., & Al Baghli, F. A. (2010). Control of diabetes mellitus in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: results of a screening campaign.Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 16(6), 621-629. Alghadir, A., Awad, H., Al-Eisa, E., &Alghwiri, A. (2014). Diabetes risk ten years forecast in the capital of Saudi Arabia: Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire (CANRISK) perspective. Biomedical Research, 25(1), 88-96. Al-Shahrani, A. M., Hassan, A., Al-Rubeaan, K. A., Al Sharqawi, A. H., & Ahmad, N. A. (2012). Effects of diabetes education program on metabolic control among Saudi type 2 diabetic patients.Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 28(5), 925-930. BARNETT, A. H. (2012). Type 2 diabetes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1037321. BECKER, G. (2001). The first year-type two diabetes: an essential guide for the newly diagnosed. New York, Marlowe, and Co. Dixon, J. B., Browne, J. L., Lambert, G. W., Jones, K. M., Reddy, P., Pouwer, F., & Speight, J. (2013). Severely obese people with diabetes experience impaired emotional well-being associated with a socioeconomic disadvantage: Results from Diabetes MILES - Australia. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 101(2), 131–140. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2013.05.017 EZRIN, C., & KOWALSKI, R. E. (2011). The type 2 diabetes diet book. New York, McGraw-Hill. http://www.books24x7.com/marc.asp?bookid=40104. Megeid, F. Y. A., & El-Sayed, M. M. A. (2012). Health Education Intervention Improves Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Mothers of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. World Applied Sciences Journal, 17(11), 1398-1404. THOMAS, M. (2013). Understanding type 2 diabetes: fewer highs fewer lows better health. Wollombi, N.S.W., Exisle Publishing. Read More