Eukaryotes/molecular biology - Essay Example

Eukaryotes vary from single cell amoeba to multi-cellular creature like human-being and dinosaur, which is now extinct. The eukaryote cells are characterized by a nucleus which contains chromosomes and DNA that carry hereditary genes. The cells have various other subparts like organelles like mitochondria, golgi bodies, flagellum etc. There are different types of eukaryote cells. The plants and animal eukaryote cells primarily differ in the cell membrane and presence of plastids. The plant cells have well defined cell membrane, plastids, chlorophyll, and cytoplasm which have specified functions.

The animal cells, on the other hand, do not have well defined cell membrane and do not contain plastids and chlorophylls. They have smaller vacuoles. Some eukaryote cells like phagocytic cells engulf other harmful structures and anti-bodies and create more complex structures. Few of the common features of eukaryote cells is the multi-cellularity and tissue formation (Eukaryotes). The extrusive organelles are defense mechanism for plants and animals. Cell divisions are part of development cycle and primarily constitute of mitosis and meiosis or cytoplasm division.

Eukaryote cells are vital centre of information mainly because of the presence of chromosomes in nucleus that has DNA. The DNA are carrier of hereditary genes and become extremely important link to trace the morphological evolution of living species. During the cell division, the division of nucleus into two identical parts helps to carry forward the genetic characters of the parents to the off-springs. The study of eukaryote cells in the fossils give crucial information regarding the type of organisms that existed millions of years ago and promote better understanding of evolution process of living organisms through the ages.

Eukaryotes are also essential for carrying out various routine but complex body functions. The various sub compartments and sub organs of the cell like vesicles, vacuoles,