PH Indicators - Lab Report Example

Summary

Ans: Enzymes are biocatalysts which carry out biochemical reactions at rigid conditions of temperature and pH. Enzymes are used in multiple areas in Pharmaceutical, biotech and food industries where it is critical to maintain the pH of the process for optimal functioning of the enzymes…

Download full paperFile format: .doc, available for editing

GRAB THE BEST PAPER91.2% of users find it useful

Read TextPreview

Subject: Miscellaneous
Type: Lab Report
Level: High School
Pages: 5 (1250 words)
Downloads: 1
Author: dorianrosenbaum

Extract of sample "PH Indicators"

Download file to see previous pages Maintaining the pH is critical in any industrial processes employing enzymes. A few examples would be papain from the leaves and unripe fruit of the pawpaw (Carica papaya) has been used to tenderise meats. Amylase is used in starch hydrolysis. Now gluco-amylase functions at pH 4.5 whereas fungal amylase at pH 5.5. Lactose hydrolysis is carried out by lactase for Aspergillus niger and A.oryzae at pH optima (pH 4.5-6.0 and 3.0-4.0, respectively)
...
6.698970004
Useful range for the indicator: 8.69- 10.69
Indicator: Alizarin Yellow
Test Tube
Color After Adding the Indicator
[OH-]
pOH
pH
1
red
0.05
12.69897
2
orange
0.005
11.69897
3
yellow
0.0005
10.69897
4
yellow
0.00005
9.698970004
5
yellow
0.000005
8.698970004
6
yellow
0.0000005
7.698970004
7
yellow
0.00000005
6.698970004
Useful range for the indicator: 10.69-12.69
Indicator: Red Cabbage extract
Test Tube
Color After Adding the Indicator
[OH-]
pOH
pH
1
green-blue
0.05
12.69897
2
aqua blue
0.005
11.69897
3
aqua blue
0.0005
10.69897
4
sky blue
0.00005
9.698970004
5
Dark blue
0.000005
8.698970004
6
Violet
0.0000005
7.698970004
7
Pink
0.00000005
6.698970004
Useful range for the indicator: 6.69-8.89
Which indicator is the best to use for observing pH changes:
near pH = 7 : Bromothymol Blue, Red Cabbage Extract
near pH = 8 : Red Cabbage Extract
near pH = 10 : Phenolphthalein
near pH = 12 : Alizarin Yellow
1. Locate an industry, occupation, industrial process, etc., where pH is critical to success.
Ans: Enzymes are biocatalysts which carry out biochemical reactions at rigid conditions of temperature and pH. Enzymes are used in multiple areas in Pharmaceutical, biotech and food industries where it is critical to maintain the pH of the process for optimal functioning of the enzymes. Maintaining the pH is critical in any industrial processes employing enzymes. A few examples would be papain from the leaves and unripe fruit of the pawpaw (Carica papaya) has been used to tenderise meats. Amylase is used in starch hydrolysis. Now gluco-amylase functions at pH 4.5 whereas fungal amylase at pH 5.5. Lactose hydrolysis is carried out by lactase for Aspergillus niger and A.oryzae at pH optima (pH 4.5-6.0 and 3.0-4.0, respectively)
2. Is ...Download file to see next pagesRead More

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF PH Indicators

Economic Indicators

...? Economic Indicators Discussion Emphasising on the macro-economic indicators of Australia, the discussion henceforth analyses the long term statistical data of the pure alcohol available for consumption from alcoholic beverages and the per-capita consumption of such commodities. The graphical indicators of the trend have been presented below: Figure 1: Apparent Consumption of Pure Alcohol (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2012) The trend depicted above states that the portion of pure alcohol available for the consumption in the form of beer has decreased almost by 50%, i.e. from 76% in 1961 to 42% in 2011. On the contrary, the consumption of pure alcohol available in the form of wine has increased substantially from 12% in 1961 to 37...

3 Pages(750 words)Assignment

Economic Indicators

...? Economic Indicators Economic Indicators The economic indicators allow for analysis of economic performance as well as predictions of future performance. The economic indicators includes indices like unemployment rate, gross domestic product, consumer price index, prices in the stock market and changes in the money supply (Moreland, 2013).. Economic indicators are useful only when the researcher has the idea to interpret. There has been strong correlation between economic growth and profits of organizations. Data on economic indicators Unemployment rate: The following provides the data on unemployment rate of United States. The time period taken under consideration is 2002 to 2012. Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2002...

3 Pages(750 words)Essay

ECONOMIC INDICATORS

... burger then it is an intermediate good. 2. True/False Statements. Indicate if the statement below is “True or False”. You must support your answer with a few sentences for each statement. a. Government expenditure is the largest single category of GDP. It is evident from theory that GDP includes Consumption, Government Spending, Investments and Net Exports (GDP= C+G+I+Xn). While increase in government spending leads consumption as demand increases with income, consequently investments increases and trade take place. So, it is true that government expenditure is the largest category of GDP. b. Nominal GDP uses current market prices and real GDP measures GDP using base-year prices. Above statement is true because nominal GDP includes all...

4 Pages(1000 words)Essay

Sustainability Indicators

... Sustainability Indicator Program An indicator is an illustration given in different ways showing a community whataim has been set to them that they have to achieve and if the community is going in the right direction, how far the community is from the goal set to them, as to where they want to be in a set timeframe. However, it depends on how well of an indicator is being used by the community. A good indicator alerts and verifies the problem to the user. It gives us an idea of what needs to be done to rectify this problem ("Traditional vs. sustainability indicators | Sustainable Measures"). There are two types of indicators used, sustainability indicator and a typical urban indicator. Sustainability indicators are much more precise...

3 Pages(750 words)Essay

PH Titrations

... out an acid-base titration, an indicator is normally used in telling whether the solution is an acid or a base. In other cases an indicator may change its clear a process that is described as a titration end point. In many cases, color changes may be observed in mixing two solutions together in the proportions that are exact. Such a mixture may be defined as an equivalence point. In order to gain more understanding on titrations, an experiment was set to investigate the pH values for different solutions. Hypothesis The hypothesis of the study was to determine the pH at the equivalence point and the unknown concentration of the acids Aim The aim of the study was to find out the pH at different points of the unknown acids concentration...

4 Pages(1000 words)Lab Report

PH Titration

... pH Titrations Background: In general, titration refers to an experimentally conducted process in chemistry lab, normally for the purpose of determining substance concentration of interest in a solution. Typically, acid-base titrations are applied in order to estimate the molarity either of an acid or a base used through a setup that consists of a burette that holds the ‘titrant’ and flask filled with ‘analyte’ or the solution with unknown concentration. During titration, it is essential to figure out the ‘equivalence point’ where moles of acid and moles of base added become equivalent. To aid an experimenter in this situation, a halochromic organic compound known as ‘indicator’ (s.a. phenolphthalein, methyl red, methyl orange...

6 Pages(1500 words)Lab Report

Economic Indicators

...Economic Indicators Economic Indicators illustrate how sound the economy is working at present and how well it is going to perform in the future. These indicators influence the investor’s predictions about the future of the economy. The investors use the available information to make decisions and forecasts. The economic Indicators have different relations with the Economic Business Cycle. They are either Pro cyclic, Counter cyclic or Acyclic in nature. A pro cyclic economic indicator shifts in the same direction as the current market situation. Hence, if the financial system is functioning well, this number is increasing and vice versa. A counter cyclic economic indicator shifts in the opposite direction as the economy. An acyclic...

4 Pages(1000 words)Essay

MEASURING pH

..., the pH tends to increase. The relationship between antacid and soda shows an increasing trend. The increase in pH is greater at the beginning but tends to taper off to approach a plateau. Q 2. As more and more lemon juice solution is added to the milk, the pH tends to decrease. The relationship between lemon juice solution and milk shows a decreasing trend. The decrease in pH is nearly constant overall leading to the conclusion that the relationship is linear. Q 3. As more and more lemon juice solution is added to the milk, the milk tends to curdle more and more. The constant decrease in pH indicates that the lemon juice is causing curdling and a net decrease in the amount of hydrogen ions in solution. Q 4. The soda-antacid relationship...

2 Pages(500 words)Lab Report

Indicators to Be Employed By Grant Donor

... College: ACCOUNTING ADVICE Table of Contents Balanced Scorecard 3 Finance 5 5 Internal Process 6 Learning and Growth 6 Benefits of Using Balanced Scorecard to the Volunteers 7 Saves Costs and Resources 7 Helps to Balance between Competing Objectives 8 It Helps To Build Capabilities in Early Stages of the Project 8 Quick And Clear Dissemination of the Group’s Strategic Plan 8 Performance Management 9 Ten Key Performance Indicators to Be Employed By Grant Donor 9 Total Sales 9 Number of Trainees in the Group Who Have Learning Problem 10 Gross Margin 10 Product Affinity 10 Sustainable Transport 11 New Markets 11 Environmental Effects 12 Cycle Time 12 Reject Ratio 13 Maintenance Cost 13 Bibliography 14 Balanced Scorecard A balanced scorecard...

11 Pages(2750 words)Assignment

Indicators

This cuts costs for businesses which would enable them to reinvest the spare cans and hire more workers.
There are also other ways that should be considered to address the problem of unemployment. These include training programs that are better than those in the past. This will ensure that the skills of employees are better matched to the jobs that are newly available.
The full-time employment policies should also push for full-time employment a bit faster. This is because when labor markets grow tight, companies go ahead and hire any individual even those who have been unemployed for a time greater than one year.
The gross domestic product is defined as the output of the final goods and services that are produced by a...

5 Pages(1250 words)Essay

PH 91

... Sexually Transmitted Infections Sexually transmitted infections are quite amongst the population that is recognized as the youth of the society and they are especially quite common amongst those who age 12 years old and above. The most common STIs experienced by this age groups includes genital herpes and the main symptom of this infection is burning sensation experienced at the time of urination (CDC 1). The most common treatment for this STI is antiviral drugs but they can only remove existing occurrences of herpes. Genital psoriasis is another quite common STI which is categorized by the plaques that are quite red in color and thin in feeling and they develop mostly on the penis. To treat this STI one of the best methods... Sexually...

2 Pages(500 words)Assignment

Key Performance Indicators

...Management Table of Contents I. Question 1 1 II. Question 2 2 References 3 I. Question 1 The case in effect is about maximizing both customer service and efficiency in a new restaurant that has both an eating in and a car-takeout ordering system. Choosing the appropriate KPIs is about choosing the right metrics that will yield the greatest efficiency and customer service balance. Efficiency is about deploying the most optimal number of staff, and serving the most number of customers at the least amount of time. while customer service is about being able to deliver on important customer service metrics like order to fulfillment lead times, waiting times between customers, maximizing the size of the queue for both cars... of Contents...

2 Pages(500 words)Essay

Analysis of Bernard Baumohls The Secrets of Economic Indicators

...Review of Bernard Baumohl’s The secrets of economic indicators: Hidden clues to future economic trends and investment opportunities Economic indicators play a huge role in the movement of stock prices. These indicators are a primary tool for big and small investors as they make decisions about buying and selling stock, with some analysts completely obsessing over them. Stocks have responded with wild fluctuations to these indicators, especially in the past year when global confidence in the stock market has been shattered. Still, analysts pay strict attention to these indicators because they are, perhaps, one’s best chance at finding hints about the future direction of markets. In spite of the present catastrophic state of the market...

6 Pages(1500 words)Book Report/Review

Health Financing as a Critical Component of Health Systems: a Large Set of Indicators

...Abstract This paper explores the documentations published by authorized health organizations entailing information of Qatar Government’s Health Care System. This includes EMRO’s (Eastern Mediterranean Regional Health System Observatory) comprehensive presentation of Qatar’s Health Care System, the National Health Authority of Qatar, and the World Health Organization’s profile of Qatar as to Health and Development and Health Statistics. Five tabular presentations of health indicators derived from World Health Organization Statistical Information System (WHOSIS) provide the latest information about the health status of the Qatar followed by the rationale for use of the indicators mentioned. Table 1 presents the demographic and socio...

26 Pages(6500 words)Research Paper

Indicators and Indices of Environmental Quality

Since there is a shortage of freshwater available, despite the high levels of availability of saltwater from the surrounding sea, the sewage is reused for irrigation purposes. Since there is a shortage of freshwater available, despite the high levels of availability of saltwater from the surrounding sea, the sewage is reused for irrigation purposes. The island lies with the zone of the European Trade Union and as a result, will be subject to existing EU Directives in the environment. In the case of public plans that are made on environmental impact assessment, the EIA Directive, or the Directive 85/337EC. The purpose of this Directive is to ensure that during the implementation of any public plans, programs, and projects, th...

9 Pages(2250 words)Term Paper

Analysis of Learning indicators and collaborative capacity: Applying Learning Principles to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security by Heather Getha Taylor

...Analysis of Learning indicators and collaborative capacity: Applying Learning Principles to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security by Heather Getha Taylor In the article “Learning indicators and collaborative capacity: Applying Learning Principles to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security” published in 2008, author Heather Getha Taylor, has tried to prove a positive relationship between collaborative capacity and organizational learning. Speaking about such collaboration emphasis has been laid on U.S. Department of Homeland Security which was set p to foster collaboration among 22 different organizational teams. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 was passed with the important mission of giving protection to American people...

6 Pages(1500 words)Book Report/Review

Growth Through Inequity and Key Performance Indicators

... of innovation can make better improvement in their products and services (Chesbrough 2003). Key Performance Indicators Key performance indicators are proven strategies that can be used to identify the success of an organization. For the indicator to be accurate they should be able to provide reflection of what has been identified by company as the critical factors for its success. Notably it is very possible to measure many things in business but key performance indicators have a great difference in that they are things, which are important in an organization. This means that if the company aims at making any profit then the company should be ready to use them in measuring its success. They help organizations to run towards the objectives...

12 Pages(3000 words)Assignment

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Bio-indicators

...Critical Review Evaluating the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Bio-indicators for Monitoring Environmental Change Introduction Bio-indicators are organisms or species used to indicate any alterations in the ecosystem. These organisms are used by scientists to indicate the status of an ecosystem or environment. Environmental changes may be caused by either human actions or natural events. Organisms possess the ability to report on the status of their environment. Organisms are able to put up with a range of biological, physical and chemical conditions, which scientists rely on to assess changes in the environment (Conti, 2008). Bio-indicators, however, have their own shortcomings despite having several advantages. The advantages...

6 Pages(1500 words)Assignment

South Koreas Economic Indicators and Recent Growth Rate

... South Korea’s Economic Indicators and Recent Growth Rate South Korea has experienced sustained economic growth rates for the last couple of decades as evidenced from the table below. The growth levels have coincided with the adoption of policies that have triggered rapid export levels even though the monetary and fiscal policies adopted by South Korea have been conservative. The South Korean government availed infrastructure that coincided with rapid growth. Some of those factors include a shift from agricultural labour force to an industrial one, educating its labour force to improve productivity levels that have subsequently led to increases in savings and investments levels. The growth theory places emphasis on increasing government...

2 Pages(500 words)Assignment

Indicators of Sustainability in the Chinese Future

...Indicators of Sustainability in the Chinese Future Population as an Edge China’s main defining feature, its huge population, is one of the strongest reasons why the growth rate of China can be sustained. Much of China’s growth can be attributed to the fact that it has enjoyed large Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) which gave rise to the booming of several industries. There are two reasons why FDIs is flowing to the China. First, the Chinese population serves as a huge market that is largely unexplored. Capturing the Chinese market could lead to millions, if not billions, of dollars in profits. Establishing a presence in the said region is vital in achieving this end. Second, Chinese labour is cheap as compared to American and Western...

7 Pages(1750 words)Case Study

PH Indicators - Lab Report Example

Extract of sample "PH Indicators"

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF PH Indicators

Let us find you another Lab Report on topic PH Indicators for FREE!