Traumatic Brain Injury and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - Essay Example

Traumatic Brain Injury Care Report

• Evaluation of Population Health Improvement Initiative (PHII) Outcomes

Evaluation of PHII refers to the appraisal of the mechanism of enhancing the health of individuals in society through specific interventions that incorporate research, public health, training, dissemination, and medical care. In the case study, Safe Headspace is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) working to enhance the health outcome of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) victims. PTSD refers to a malfunction and nonrecovery of the human brain caused by witnessing horrifying events (Washington, Coye & Boulware, 2016). TBI refers to a disturbance of the brain due to a violent blow or outside force to the head.

Description of Outcome Achieved

Individuals who participated in the four weeks Safe Headspace PTSD and TBI initiative followed the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommendations for exercises. After the exercise period, they registered improved memory, mood, and muscle control, which indicates the effectiveness of exercise as a mode of treating the disorders. Other participants preferred strength training exercise; however, they registered 4% less improvement than aerobic intervention. Individuals who continued with the exercise for an additional three weeks registered muscle control improvement by 15%. Also, their short to middle-period memory increased to 61%, and their mood improved with 22%

(Black et al.; 2016).

• • Description of Outcome not Achieved

Some interventions were unsuccessful; for example, the use of memory exercise methods such as solving crosswords and Soduku puzzles did not gain any gain in aged patients. Despite the positive results of conducting exercises, some participants discontinued, which affected their improvement (Black et al; 2016).

• • Factors that Contributed to the Shortfall

Preference of specific exercises by the patients, such as aerobic and strength training, contributed to the shortfall. Some veterans, mostly the aged generation, did not want to acknowledge that they have a problem with TBI or PTSD.

• Strategies for Improving PHII Outcomes

The first strategy is the improvement of primary health care, which ensures basic care and support is given to the beneficially at the right time and place. Adequate primary care provision involves collaboration between patients and their care providers. The second strategy is data transformation, which entails health organizations integrating population data from external and internal sources. The integration of data helps organizations manage their strategies, risks, networks, and opportunities to enhance health care. The third strategy is the analytic transformation which helps health organizations to analyze the data in their possession. The analysis results help the organization redefine their priorities; for example, they can set a new baseline for the target population (Black et al; 2016). The fourth strategy is the payment transformation, which helps identify care costs and balances with contracting on a value basis. The strategy helps establish the existence of a cash flow deficit in the implementation of the PHII program.

• • Corrective Measures to Address the Achievement Shortfall

One of the measures is the use of participants' persuasion to strictly follow the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) advice to perform modest aerobics exercise. Also, participants should not stop engaging in exercise until the guiding officer advises them.

• • Evidence From Similar Projects that Support Proposed Corrective Measures

The evidence of application for data transformation strategy relates to a group operating at Alberta Health Services Population Health Initiative (AHSPHI). The group conclusion was that only 8% of the information necessary for population health and precision medication was available in the Electronic Health Records (HER) (Gray & Mysak, 2016). The other illustration of the application of care transformation strategy is the Cradle Cincinnati, an entity of enhancing infant health. Using PHM, the organization identified that lack of spacing between births and smoking contributed to preterm births, thus saving the entity $25 million per annum

(Black et al.; 2016). The entity replaced its approach of targeting only pregnant women with the provision of pregnancy training campaigns to all women.

• • Demonstration of how the Proposed Strategy will Improve Outcome

The data transformation strategy will help have updated information on all PTSD and TBI centralized. Then, the data analysis will be conducted to help identify needy areas where PHII interventions can be channeled.

3.0 Personalize Evidence-Based Patient Care Plan

The personalized care plan will consider the patients' health needs, such as exercise. The inclusion of exercises is that it is easy to perform, and it helps to manage depression and cardiovascular ailments, which are familiar with PTSD and TBI persons.

Depending on the patient's financial ability, the personalized care plan will include the use of medication and therapy. The other element of personalized care is the use of culture and family, where meditation practice is recommended since it reduces stress (Hu & Wang, 2016).

3.1 How Lessons from PHII Informed the Personalized Care Plan

Lessons from the PHII through the initiatives of Safe HeadSpace have shown that exercise, meditation, medication, and therapy intervention are effective in managing TBI and PTSD. The outcome of the interventions indicates consistent improvement if the patient's health, for example, participants in an aerobic exercise, improved memory with 61%. Also, veterans who did not obtain psychotherapy in the period after trauma were put under the antidepressant medication and responded well. The group that engaged in meditation recorded a 70% improvement in memory and mood.

• Analysis of Evidence

The personalized care plan that applies exercises belongs to Level of Evidence (LOE) class VII since the treatment methods' outcome is determined by experts and authorities' opinions. The application of meditation, medication, and therapy has evidence level class I since it is a randomized controlled test.

4.1 Importance for Part of Evidence for TBI and PTSD

The level of evidence is essential to PTSD and TBI since they determine what is to be included during the personalized care plan. For example, the composition of the members of society has varied economic, cultural, and literacy backgrounds. The personalized care plan for the less economically endowed members of the society will incorporate nonfinancial methods. A culturally inclined society will find it easy to apply meditation while literate persons will understand pharmacology and therapy in their care plan (Maraccini ea al; 2017). The other important part of the evidence for PTSD and TBI is that the positive outcome is crucial since it proves all the intervention methods are working well.

4.0 Evaluation Strategy for Personalized Care Approach Outcome

The personalized care plan is an appropriate performance evaluation strategy is the use of 'the logic model strategy.' The evaluation of personalized care will measure the impact of personalized care initiatives, programs, and new working methods. The logic model's effectiveness is that it incorporates variables such as the context that describes local requirements that support the interventions. The other component of the model is the use of inputs, which are items included in the intervention, such as money, people’s time, and infrastructure (Maraccini ea al; 2017). Activities in the model refer to actions done to cause the intervention to generate change. The output element of the model describes the resultant effects of the intervention; for example, the outcomes variable may refer to the short and medium goals of the intervention.

5.1. Identification for Measurable Criteria

The measurable criteria to be considered when treating PTSD and TBI patients include measurement of are mood changes, improvement of memory, and movement of muscles, respectively (Maraccini ea al; 2017).

5.2 Appropriateness of the Criteria

The criteria are appropriate since those are the areas affected by PTSD and TBI, and any change in their functionality will be physically visible and a sign of progress.

6.1 Application for other Cases

The interventions of PTSD and TBI are applicable to treat other health cases; also, the Logic model strategy is applicable to evaluate other healthcare interventions' performance.