Celebrity Culture: Media and the Social Organisation of Fame - Literature review Example

Kinds of Fame Name Course Lecturer Date Fame is a complex profession derived from any field. It is a created success which is derived from a person’s act big and visible on its own right (Uhl & Greenfield 2011). Fame has showmanship aspect, determines success and admission to some specific groups. Society grants recognition, access, power, credibility, tools and sometimes wealth to the people who win it. Entertaining personalities are famous by being articulate, fun and composed but this is not confined in the entertainment industry composed, articulate, and fun. Fame dominates the shows and social change based on communication technologies expansion has led to this value shift. Maltby, (2010) argues that the formula can be applied from any field, be it law, business or in politics through informational utility. It manifests itself in an individual endowment to act in a complex social, economic, political, science and technological system. Natural talent, charisma and hard work are not the main contributors of fame in profession. There is a secret and a formula that lies with the top actors, winning candidates, thriving consultants, bestselling authors and business owners. The image of what constitutes fame is created by the public opinion. This can be derived from collectivities such as a professional group, company, occupational category or ranked leadership, organization or by extension. Fame is real as long the society socially construct and maintain it though at times it has an array of acceptance and challenges . Fundamentally fame has many dimensions by which it is realized, achieved and maintained. Along with that, it has a different way of manifestation; it can be short-lived or long-lasting, extreme negative or extreme positive, spontaneous or gradual, consciously build or socially given, localized or internationalized (Maltby, 2010). Most of the elite who become famous are charismatic, but others source their fame from birth or legitimacy. These people come from members of government and higher administrations, military leaders, members of clergy and economic entrepreneurs. Most serve the interests of their preservation once they become famous and not the interests of the society. The contentious view of the society however matter as one part sees the famous as exercising pervasive views in the society and others sees them to have limited control in the society as they have to listen to the contending issues from other groups. There are two kinds of fame according to the way it is realized and achieved. The first is a traditional way of fame by achievement. This is achieved through a person’s accomplishments that brings and demand fame. Fashion models, film stars, sporting heroes, business leaders and television presenters are among the most that use this. Bagrow, et al (2004) argues that many ways of achieving this kind of fame is through invention of something that progress the technology or a certain field of research, doing an outstanding job in a known company. It is possible to plan for it and manage it once in it (Maltby, 2010). However the most complexity about it is that, it requires endurance, appraisal from significant networks and hard work. Most of the people who become famous in this way experience a vertical mobility where they keep on moving to the topmost position. Since this is not a simple phenomenon they require enthusiasm and motivation to continue in fame pursuance and maintenance. Through evaluation of opinions the famous considers how to improve their expertise. This kind of fame is enhanced by psychological makeup and attributes that lead to dominance in fame (Suls, Martin & Wheeler, 2002). Such people are strong and smart amongst the other members of society. There are most significant residuals they possess such as openness, degree of integration into the society, scope of issues under their influence and the degree to which they share and diffuse their fame with other members of the society. Most significant to most of them is verbal expressiveness, smooth operation, persuaders, diplomats with charismatic attributes. The other kind of fame experience circulation a mechanism where people enter into or are recruited and out or are put down from fame. In contemporary culture fame can be derived from diverse background, social formation and is therefore largely open since it is attract all self- interested individuals and groups with superior qualities. Fletcher, (2004) argues that they maintain it through fierce physical pressure and the power to fight back the adversity through streams of literally work, entertainment and other sources from which one become famous. Through the traditional way, the fame is quieter, and takes long before people notice what an individual has done in professionalism or for the society. Such fame takes longer, and it starts and its effect and mark grows to be long lasting in its surroundings. Mostly the person is highly committed, disciplined and dedicated to the goal. There are risks that a person calculate on this, with humility to improve self and others. The fame extends to future generation, since they are outstanding in the history (Chadwick, 1997). The kind of fame does not seek attention in the real sense but use and enjoy it for motivational purposes. The attentions they give to others enhance their professional life and career opportunities. Unlike the earlier days, today significant famous people have become so faster than before due to mass media (Fletcher, 2004). The second type is individualistic oriented fame that comes through good fortune, disaster or a tragedy (Turner, 2004). Individual values to be hailed as most ambitious and talented in the generation. They tend to be described as appalling, hilarious, moving, and wise subtle, and brilliant. Mostly it springs from individual’s opinions similarities with other or previous agreement. The main factors that contribute to this is their superior or organizational skills, fixation with a certain interest, structure and mobilization prowess, ideological power and control through the available and necessary instruments. This is promoted by various factors such as ideologies; manifested in social issues like sex tape, diet doctors, or in the structure of governance, new economic opportunities and values; natural; where a person fills a vacancy left due to death, illness, incapacitation, burn-out or fatigue of another person. It is usually an unprepared and challenging phenomenon. It is usually a lateral or horizontal mobility where a person changes roles and receive rampant speculations which are overwhelming through the media. In most cases the price of fame will cost their dignity since the reporting through media industry might be extreme to their private lives (Jessup, 2010). In this scenario fame formula is significant for a spotlight that turns visibility into personal success and unprecedented professional. The better thing with this kind of fame is the use of spotlight in any field to create that success. The quick and fast fame comes like an explosion, as one gets a boom of success that draws the attention of the majority. It happens to people set at the right time, place and those skilled to be at the right place (Christensen, 2010). The famous know their audiences and develop their role thus become world stage actors. Fame delivers more power than wealth or beauty although some women have got public roles by taking advantage of their genetic for fans to follow them. Right timing meets people’s expectations and thus one becomes famous. Soon the person adapts to it and gets a connection with other people in the same circles of fame. Peters, et al (2007) argues that there are however some who find it hard to get used to it and for their good they tend to withdraw. It is most craved fame as it attention is robust. However, most receiver experience a degree of regrets since fast fame comes with fast problems. It is also possible for the fame to quickly fade more so if the person does not have the skills for social and life management that keeps life in check. There result to an array of outcomes as some becomes depressed due to fear to fail or for success sake, die while others end up becoming more famous. People fail when they tries to improve and maintain fame not when they work to become. They use formulas and even though the fame fades the respect they get from others remains. There is however, significant higher psychological distress, dissociation, depressive symptoms and cognitive failures to those who lose it. Thirdly there is fame by appointment or election. Those who get elected to positions of high office, politicians and judges possess qualities of leadership and timing skills (Jessup, 2010). Every structure has a form of leadership. These are people who make decisions, plan and act on desired and set timelines. They possessed special qualities; a significant one is the ability to communicate vision, enthusiasm and accountability. The content of leadership vision relate with style. An analysis has confirmed that famous leader’s vision statement has an inspirational strength expressed from their optimism level in their presentation. They enhance trust and highest commitment from the society through articulation of the vision, provision of intellectual inspiration, and promotion of the group goals (Christensen, 2010). Most goes through training programs that are relevant and also developmental relationships like mentoring and coaching. Leaders’ emotional competency has a linkage with people’s behavioral aspects. Famous leaders must possess high emotional intelligence whereby their own emotions are in touch and at the same time understand and regulate others. The leader- followers’ emotional bond goes beyond calculative exchange. The fourth kind of fame is a controversial or by chance. It draws a topic of controversy or flame war. This happen as long as such people are ready for the crowds. It is then washed away and dies quickly after people fire it up for a while as many other records are made. A chain of new reactions and frames emerges. Fletcher, (2004) argues that most start a controversial argument for fun, build it to make the blog famous but in case they stop the flaming fame stops. The person has to be smart and use wits if it has to last long. Some use the method to enhance awareness with good purpose that is beneficial for others. This enhances people to challenge their accepted ideas, concepts and philosophy. Through it some challenge the world or loudly express their opinion and end up getting more opinions back. Most of these people becomes pioneers of a liberation thought, policies change, and social issues or spearhead abolition of a social phenomenon. At times they will be remembered and adored long way even after they die. The fifth kind of fame comes through extension. Jessup, (2010) argues that this determines the group, organization and significant others that one relates to in the profession, and interactions. The fame is derived as one remains attached to a highly valued group, friends with high profiles and specific organizations. A doctor who enhances a celeb looks, or help in reducing some weight will become famous and so is a friend who writes a book and brands it by a famous friend (Christensen, 2010). Most games that are highly valued by fans are among the other source of team fame. Prestige is lost in case one ceases membership. Though it is a rigorous in terms of independence and ones inputs, the norms, values and culture of the profession determines ones conduct. The group must be under social comparison with others to keep on enhancing some of their aspects. As long as the desired goals, tasks and agenda exist the people remain together and maintain their fame but it may die if they reach the adjournment stage. Sharing makes the fame survive but it is easily to be replaced by the counter- elites who the society may prefer. Significant others lead to self- enhancement as an individual has to assimilate relative to others. However, some level of personal independence is lost and other times compromise some standards to agree with others. Finally there is royal fame. They get media attention and rise to fame by being a member of the royal family by birth or marriage. Their aspects of lives from birth, education, marriage, public service, parenting, divorce, re-partnering, and funeral rites are publicized. Their fame does not fluctuate much as other kind of fame since it is not determined by position, achievement but rather by a system of honor. However they get the privileges in the society and can use this fame to easily get into other kinds of fame (Jessup, 2010). References Bagrow, J. P., Rozenfeld, H. D., Bollt, E. M., & ben-Avraham, D. (2004). How famous is a Scientist? -- Famous to Those Who Know Us. Europhysics Letters, 67(4), 511-516. Chadwick, P. (1997). Privacy and the media. Sydney Melbourne: Communications Law Centre.  Christensen, S. (2010). City of dreams. Copenhagen: Gyldendal. Fletcher, G. (2004). An index of fame: critical identifications of fame in the “social laboratory.” Journal of Media Culture, 7(5). M/C. Jessup, J. (2010). Fame 101: powerful personal branding & publicity for amazing success. Vancouver, Wash: Sutton Hart Press. Maltby, J. (2010). An interest in fame: confirming the measurement and empirical conceptualization of fame interest. British journal of psychology London England 1953, 101(Pt 3), 411-432. Peters, M. J. V., Horselenberg, R., Jelicic, M., & Merckelbach, H. (2007). The false fame illusion in people with memories about a previous life. Consciousness and Cognition, 16(1), 162-169. Elsevier. Peters, M. J. V., Horselenberg, R., Jelicic, M., & Merckelbach, H. (2007). The false fame illusion in people with memories about a previous life. Consciousness and Cognition, 16(1), 162-169. Elsevier. Suls, J., Martin, R., & Wheeler, L. (2002). Social Comparison: Why, With Whom, and With What Effect? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11(5), 159-163. Blackwell Publishing on behalf of Association for Psychological Science.  Turner, G. (2004). Understanding celebrity. London Thousand Oaks: SAGE. Uhls, Y. T., & Greenfield, P. M. (2011). The Rise of Fame: An Historical Content Analysis. Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 5(1), article 1. Fakulta socialnich studii Masarykovy univerzity. Read More

There are two kinds of fame according to the way it is realized and achieved. The first is a traditional way of fame by achievement. This is achieved through a person’s accomplishments that brings and demand fame. Fashion models, film stars, sporting heroes, business leaders and television presenters are among the most that use this. Bagrow, et al (2004) argues that many ways of achieving this kind of fame is through invention of something that progress the technology or a certain field of research, doing an outstanding job in a known company.

It is possible to plan for it and manage it once in it (Maltby, 2010). However the most complexity about it is that, it requires endurance, appraisal from significant networks and hard work. Most of the people who become famous in this way experience a vertical mobility where they keep on moving to the topmost position. Since this is not a simple phenomenon they require enthusiasm and motivation to continue in fame pursuance and maintenance. Through evaluation of opinions the famous considers how to improve their expertise.

This kind of fame is enhanced by psychological makeup and attributes that lead to dominance in fame (Suls, Martin & Wheeler, 2002). Such people are strong and smart amongst the other members of society. There are most significant residuals they possess such as openness, degree of integration into the society, scope of issues under their influence and the degree to which they share and diffuse their fame with other members of the society. Most significant to most of them is verbal expressiveness, smooth operation, persuaders, diplomats with charismatic attributes.

The other kind of fame experience circulation a mechanism where people enter into or are recruited and out or are put down from fame. In contemporary culture fame can be derived from diverse background, social formation and is therefore largely open since it is attract all self- interested individuals and groups with superior qualities. Fletcher, (2004) argues that they maintain it through fierce physical pressure and the power to fight back the adversity through streams of literally work, entertainment and other sources from which one become famous.

Through the traditional way, the fame is quieter, and takes long before people notice what an individual has done in professionalism or for the society. Such fame takes longer, and it starts and its effect and mark grows to be long lasting in its surroundings. Mostly the person is highly committed, disciplined and dedicated to the goal. There are risks that a person calculate on this, with humility to improve self and others. The fame extends to future generation, since they are outstanding in the history (Chadwick, 1997).

The kind of fame does not seek attention in the real sense but use and enjoy it for motivational purposes. The attentions they give to others enhance their professional life and career opportunities. Unlike the earlier days, today significant famous people have become so faster than before due to mass media (Fletcher, 2004). The second type is individualistic oriented fame that comes through good fortune, disaster or a tragedy (Turner, 2004). Individual values to be hailed as most ambitious and talented in the generation.

They tend to be described as appalling, hilarious, moving, and wise subtle, and brilliant. Mostly it springs from individual’s opinions similarities with other or previous agreement. The main factors that contribute to this is their superior or organizational skills, fixation with a certain interest, structure and mobilization prowess, ideological power and control through the available and necessary instruments. This is promoted by various factors such as ideologies; manifested in social issues like sex tape, diet doctors, or in the structure of governance, new economic opportunities and values; natural; where a person fills a vacancy left due to death, illness, incapacitation, burn-out or fatigue of another person.

It is usually an unprepared and challenging phenomenon.

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