Principles of Organization and Management - Essay Example

Two major sub-groups of the classical theory are scientific management by Taylor and bureaucracy by Weber. Taylor’s (F.W.Taylor) scientific management theory thoroughly evaluated the attitude of the employees from the starting of operations, the introduction of action decomposition, and the core concept of division of labor, job standardization, and strict management control. In the "factory management”, he summed up the four principles to improve work efficiency: 1. Everyone should have clear working days; 2.

To complete the work required to provide a standardized work environment, equipment and tools; 3. Where a person has a high score should give a higher remuneration; 4. Where the loser will lose pay and job status. According to Frederick Winslow Taylor who is regarded as the Father of Scientific Management, the management of the firm should organize the work in a manner which will make optimum use of the workers, by dividing the work and introducing efficient methods for making a product. Taylor’s concept focused mainly on hierarchic organization structures and task specialization.

Taylorism states that there is a best way for each task and it can be learnt through proper training and development. In the domain of "Principles of Scientific Management," Taylor further proposed the following principles: 1. The study of each unit of work a worker should be treated with the scientific method; 2. Workers should use scientific methods in the selection, training and education; 3. Should be sincere cooperation between workers to ensure that all work can be handled in accordance with scientific principles to; 4.

Between managers and workers, to implement the division responsible for the manager's job at not to workers. Taylor advocated piecework system, requiring workers to work within a fixed unit of time to complete, according to the low-paid piecework, and the excess workload, follow-paid piece work. Taylor believes there is a difference this reward system can maximize their people's enthusiasm for work. In order to ensure the implementation of this scientific management, Taylor considers it necessary to strengthen the management and control of operations.

 Undoubtedly, Taylorism pursuit of efficiency, operating decomposition, standardized management, performance rewards and other measures are designed to increase output efficiency. Together these management tools are the "pipeline operations," which provides a way for large-scale scientific management standardized production. Taylor's scientific management ideas were accepted and the use of public management, because it is the bureaucracy of philosophy coincide. Division, classification, standardization, processes, performance pay, strict management control, but also the value of the traditional concept of public administration pursued.

 Scientific management has played a dominant role in public administration for the period 1910 to 1940, so that the field of public administration to become an academic study. So, people use "Taylorism" to describe the impact of scientific management generated. Moreover, this effect has been extended to today's very popular new public management, as Taylor emphasized incentives or performance-based pay and other management tools, now turned into a broader connotation of performance management (Smith & et.al,