Such costs are estimated by use of statistical formulae in estimating the costs. It is not possible too to establish the pain and suffering those families of alcoholics face. In order to control the consumption of alcohol, raising exercise taxes would be in public interest since it affects directly on the alcohol prices. The other remedy would be to tighten regulations in the industry to ensure minimal drinking hours and minimal consumption. Making the commodity scarce would mean that its price will increase automatically and this reduces its consumption. Inflation as a factor could also lead to low consumption of alcohol since a general increase in commodity prices does not exempt alcohol from the increase. A prescription drug is that drug, which is licensed and regulated by authorities and before its use requires prescription by a doctor. These types of drugs are different from over counter drugs in that a sick patient will have to buy them in case of prescription. Economically, general increase in price of prescription drugs will have a negative impact on demand of other products and services. By the fact that people cannot avoid taking prescription drugs, an increase in their price means that more money is spent in buying them and this reduces people’s ability to spend more. ...
In elasticity of demand, economists take into account the changes in demand for a product with respect to the changes in retail price. Comparing the percentage change in the quantity of a product with the same
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Principles of Economics
product’s percentage change in price determines elasticity of demand (Mankiw, 2011). Elastic demand occurs when a change in the amount demanded percentage exceeds the percentage change in commodity price, while inelastic demand occurs when the percentage change in quantity demanded is less than percentage change in price. Perfect elastic demand occurs when the quantity demanded changes by such a huge percentage in relation to a close to zero percentage change in price while perfectly inelastic demand occurs when quantity of a commodity demanded does not change whenever there is a change in price. During Christmas season for example, an increase in demand for Christmas cards automatically pushes retail prices of cards upwards. Price elasticity of supply on its part measures to what extend does the price of a commodity bring a considerable change to supplied quantity. Comparing percentage change in quantity supplied with change in percentage change in price results in elasticity of supply Due to the Tsunami, decreases in supply of Japanese cars for example lead to increase in prices. An increasing cost industry is one in which its costs of production increases with a rise in the number of companies involved with the company increases. This is so because every new company in the industry increases demand for inputs and factors of production. These firms operate in an industry enjoying perfect competition and have a long-run industry supply curve that is positively slopped (McEachern, 2012). This curve is a result of industry expansion that translates to
Summary
Principles of Economics Date Alcohol consumption largely affects people’s living standards and its abuse has large external effects on others. Not only does its consumption affect negatively the consumer’s lifestyles, it also has implications on productivity of the labor market…
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